scholarly journals Transcriptome Analyses on Compound Material Regulating Saline Stress and Alkaline Stress on Cotton

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjie An ◽  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Doudou Chang ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Dashuang Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Compound Material ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Main Factors

Abstract Background: Soil salinization and alkalinization are the main factors that affect the agricultural productivity in the world. Evaluating the persistence of the modifier applied in field soils is an important part of the regulation of saline stress and alkaline stress. Result: To determine the molecular mechanism of cotton’s responses to the regulation of saline stress and alkaline stress by the modifier, in this study, cotton was planted in the salinized soil (NaCl 8g kg-1) and alkalized soil (Na2CO3 8g kg-1) after application of the modifier, and ion content, physiological characteristics, and transcription and sequencing of new leaves during the flowering and boll-forming stage of cotton were analyzed. The results showed that compared with saline stress, alkaline stress increased the content of Na+, K+, SOD, and MDA in leaves, and the application of modifier reduced the content of Na+ but increased the K+/Na+ ratio, the activities of SOD, POD, CAT, and REC. Transcriptome analysis revealed that after the application of the modifier, the Na+/H+ exchanger gene in cotton leaves was down-regulated, the K+ transporter, K+ channel and POD genes were up-regulated. Besides, the down-regulation of genes related to lignin synthesis in phenylalanine biosynthesis pathway was consistent with the study results of ion content and physiological characteristics in leaves. The quantitative analysis with PCR proved the reliability of the results of RNA sequencing.Conclusion: These findings indicate that the modifier alleviated saline stress and alkaline stress on cotton by regulating candidate genes in key biological pathways, which improves our understanding of the molecular mechanism of the modifier regulating saline stress and alkaline stress.

scholarly journals Application of compound material alleviates saline and alkaline stress in cotton leaves through regulation of the transcriptome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjie An ◽  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Doudou Chang ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Dashuang Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Compound Material ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Molecular Effects ◽  
Main Factors

Abstract Background: Soil salinization and alkalinization are the main factors that affect the agricultural productivity. Evaluating the persistence of the compound material applied in field soils is an important part of the regulation of the responses of cotton to saline and alkaline stresses. Result: To determine the molecular effects of compound material on the cotton’s responses to saline stress and alkaline stress, cotton was planted in the salinized soil (NaCl 8g kg-1) and alkalized soil (Na2CO3 8g kg-1) after application of the compound material, and ion content, physiological characteristics, and transcription of new cotton leaves at flowering and boll-forming stage were analyzed. The results showed that compared with saline stress, alkaline stress increased the contents of Na+, K+, SOD, and MDA in leaves. The application of the compound material reduced the content of Na+ but increased the K+/Na+ ratio, the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT, and REC. Transcriptome analysis revealed that after the application of the compound material, the Na+/H+ exchanger gene in cotton leaves was down-regulated, while the K+ transporter, K+ channel, and POD genes were up-regulated. Besides, the down-regulation of genes related to lignin synthesis in phenylalanine biosynthesis pathway had a close relationship with the ion content and physiological characteristics in leaves. The quantitative analysis with PCR proved the reliability of the results of RNA sequencing.Conclusion: These findings suggest that the compound material alleviated saline stress and alkaline stress on cotton leaves by regulating candidate genes in key biological pathways, which improves our understanding of the molecular mechanism of the compound material regulating the responses of cotton to saline stress and alkaline stress.

scholarly journals Application of compound material alleviates saline and alkaline stress in cotton leaves through regulation of the transcriptome

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjie An ◽  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Doudou Chang ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Dashuang Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Compound Material ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Molecular Effects ◽  
Main Factors

Abstract Background Soil salinization and alkalinization are the main factors that affect the agricultural productivity. Evaluating the persistence of the compound material applied in field soils is an important part of the regulation of the responses of cotton to saline and alkaline stresses. Result To determine the molecular effects of compound material on the cotton’s responses to saline stress and alkaline stress, cotton was planted in the salinized soil (NaCl 8 g kg− 1) and alkalized soil (Na2CO3 8 g kg− 1) after application of the compound material, and ion content, physiological characteristics, and transcription of new cotton leaves at flowering and boll-forming stage were analyzed. The results showed that compared with saline stress, alkaline stress increased the contents of Na+, K+, SOD, and MDA in leaves. The application of the compound material reduced the content of Na+ but increased the K+/Na+ ratio, the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT, and REC. Transcriptome analysis revealed that after the application of the compound material, the Na+/H+ exchanger gene in cotton leaves was down-regulated, while the K+ transporter, K+ channel, and POD genes were up-regulated. Besides, the down-regulation of genes related to lignin synthesis in phenylalanine biosynthesis pathway had a close relationship with the ion content and physiological characteristics in leaves. The quantitative analysis with PCR proved the reliability of the results of RNA sequencing. Conclusion These findings suggest that the compound material alleviated saline stress and alkaline stress on cotton leaves by regulating candidate genes in key biological pathways, which improves our understanding of the molecular mechanism of the compound material regulating the responses of cotton to saline stress and alkaline stress.

scholarly journals Application of compound material alleviates saline and alkaline stress in cotton leaves through regulation of the transcriptome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjie An ◽  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Doudou Chang ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Dashuang Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
K Channel ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Compound Material ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Molecular Effects ◽  
Background Soil

Abstract Background: Soil salinization and alkalinization are the main factors that affect the agricultural productivity. Evaluating the persistence of the compound material applied in field soils is an important part of the regulation of the responses of cotton to saline and alkaline stresses. Result: To determine the molecular effects of compound material on the cotton’s responses to saline stress and alkaline stress, cotton was planted in the salinized soil (NaCl 8g kg -1 ) and alkalized soil (Na 2 CO 3 8g kg -1 ) after application of the compound material, and ion content, physiological characteristics, and transcription of new cotton leaves at flowering and boll-forming stage were analyzed. The results showed that compared with saline stress, alkaline stress increased the contents of Na + , K + , SOD, and MDA in leaves. The application of the compound material reduced the content of Na + but increased the K + /Na + ratio , the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT, and REC. Transcriptome analysis revealed that after the application of the compound material, the Na + /H + exchanger gene in cotton leaves was down-regulated, while the K + transporter, K + channel, and POD genes were up-regulated. Besides, the down-regulation of genes related to lignin synthesis in phenylalanine biosynthesis pathway had a close relationship with the ion content and physiological characteristics in leaves. The quantitative analysis with PCR proved the reliability of the results of RNA sequencing. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the compound material alleviated saline stress and alkaline stress on cotton leaves by regulating candidate genes in key biological pathways, which improves our understanding of the molecular mechanism of the compound material regulating the responses of cotton to saline stress and alkaline stress.

scholarly journals Application of compound material alleviates saline and alkaline stress in cotton leaves through regulation of the transcriptome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjie An ◽  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Doudou Chang ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Dashuang Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
K Channel ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Compound Material ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Molecular Effects ◽  
Background Soil

Abstract Background: Soil salinization and alkalinization are the main factors that affect the agricultural productivity. Evaluating the persistence of the compound material applied in field soils is an important part of the regulation of the responses of cotton to saline and alkaline stresses.Result: To determine the molecular effects of compound material on the cotton’s responses to saline stress and alkaline stress, cotton was planted in the salinized soil (NaCl 8g kg -1 ) and alkalized soil (Na 2 CO 3 8g kg -1 ) after application of the compound material, and ion content, physiological characteristics, and transcription of new cotton leaves at flowering and boll-forming stage were analyzed. The results showed that compared with saline stress, alkaline stress increased the contents of Na + , K + , SOD, and MDA in leaves. The application of the compound material reduced the content of Na + but increased the K + /Na + ratio , the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT, and REC. Transcriptome analysis revealed that after the application of the compound material, the Na + /H + exchanger gene in cotton leaves was down-regulated, while the K + transporter, K + channel, and POD genes were up-regulated. Besides, the down-regulation of genes related to lignin synthesis in phenylalanine biosynthesis pathway had a close relationship with the ion content and physiological characteristics in leaves. The quantitative analysis with PCR proved the reliability of the results of RNA sequencing.Conclusion: These findings suggest that the compound material alleviated saline stress and alkaline stress on cotton leaves by regulating candidate genes in key biological pathways, which improves our understanding of the molecular mechanism of the compound material regulating the responses of cotton to saline stress and alkaline stress.

scholarly journals Effects of Organic Polymer Compound Material on K+ and Na+ Distribution and Physiological Characteristics of Cotton Under Saline and Alkaline Stresses

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Mengjie An ◽  
Kaiyong Wang ◽  
Hua Fan ◽  
Jiaohua Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Organic Polymer ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Cotton Leaf ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Compound Material ◽  
Polymer Compound ◽  
Stem Girdling

Soil salinization and alkalization greatly restrict crop growth and yield. In this study, NaCl (8 g kg−1) and Na2CO3 (8 g kg−1) were used to create saline stress and alkaline stress on cotton in pot cultivation in the field, and organic polymer compound material (OPCM) and stem girdling were applied before cotton sowing and at flowering and boll-forming stage, respectively, aiming to determine the effects of OPCM on K+ and Na+ absorption and transport and physiological characteristics of cotton leaf and root. The results showed that after applying the OPCM, the Na+ content in leaf of cotton under saline stress and alkaline stress were decreased by 7.72 and 6.49%, respectively, the K+/Na+ ratio in leaf were increased by 5.65 and 19.10%, respectively, the Na+ content in root were decreased by 9.57 and 0.53%, respectively, the K+/Na+ ratio in root were increased by 65.77 and 55.84%, respectively, and the transport coefficients of K+ and Na+ from leaf to root were increased by 39.59 and 21.38%, respectively. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD), and the relative electrical conductivity (REC) in cotton leaf were significantly increased, while the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was decreased; but the changes in those in root were not significant. The boll weights were increased by 11.40 and 13.37%, respectively, compared with those for the control. After stem girdling, the application of OPCM still promoted the ion transport of cotton organs; moreover, the CAT activity in root was increased by 25.09% under saline stress, and the SOD activity in leaf and CAT in root were increased by 42.22 and 6.91%, respectively under alkaline stress. Therefore, OPCM can significantly change the transport of K+ and Na+ to maintain the K+ and Na+ homeostasis in leaf and root, and regulate physiological and biochemical indicators to alleviate the stress-induced damage. Besides, the regulation effect of OPCM on saline stress was better than that on alkaline stress.

scholarly journals Bayesian Network Analysis of Lysine Biosynthesis Pathway in Rice

Inventions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Aditya Lahiri ◽  
Khushboo Rastogi ◽  
Aniruddha Datta ◽  
Endang M. Septiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Reporter Gene ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Lysine Biosynthesis ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Lysine Content ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Healthy Functioning

Lysine is the first limiting essential amino acid in rice because it is present in the lowest quantity compared to all the other amino acids. Amino acids are the building block of proteins and play an essential role in maintaining the human body’s healthy functioning. Rice is a staple food for more than half of the global population; thus, increasing the lysine content in rice will help improve global health. In this paper, we studied the lysine biosynthesis pathway in rice (Oryza sativa) to identify the regulators of the lysine reporter gene LYSA (LOC_Os02g24354). Genetically intervening at the regulators has the potential to increase the overall lysine content in rice. We modeled the lysine biosynthesis pathway in rice seedlings under normal and saline (NaCl) stress conditions using Bayesian networks. We estimated the model parameters using experimental data and identified the gene DAPF(LOC_Os12g37960) as a positive regulator of the lysine reporter gene LYSA under both normal and saline stress conditions. Based on this analysis, we conclude that the gene DAPF is a potent candidate for genetic intervention. Upregulating DAPF using methods such as CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing strategy has the potential to upregulate the lysine reporter gene LYSA and increase the overall lysine content in rice.

scholarly journals Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Jerusalem Artichoke Seedlings to Mixed Salt-Alkali Stress Conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai SHAO ◽  
Mingming QI ◽  
Shuang TAO ◽  
Jixiang LIN ◽  
Yingnan WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Energy Crop ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Alkali Stress ◽  
Mixed Salt ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Alkaline Conditions

Soil salinization and alkalization frequently co-occur in the grassland, but little information exists concerning the mixed effects of salt-alkaline stress on plant. Jerusalem artichoke is an economically and ecologically important energy crop and also considered as a salt-tolerant species. In this study, we investigated the effects of 12 mixed salt-alkaline conditions on the seedling growth and responses of Jerusalem artichoke to such conditions. The results showed that the seedling growth decreased with the increasing salinity and pH, and the destructive effects were more markedly under the interactions of highest salinity and pH. The Na+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ concentrations were all increased with the increasing salinity and pH, but the K+ kept stable. The Cl- concentration increased when the treatment without alkali salts, and the NO3– and H2PO4- concentrations were decreased with the increasing salinity. Jerusalem artichoke seedlings enhanced organic acids and proline to supply the shortage of inorganic anions and cope with osmotic stress from the high Na+ concentration. Above results show that the toxicity effects of the interactions of salt stress and alkali stress on plant is much greater than that only salt or alkali stress. A better understanding of the seedlings of Jerusalem artichoke under mixed salt-alkali stress conditions should facilitate the effective utilization of this species under such complex environment in Northeast China.

scholarly journals An empirical investigation of physical literacy-based adolescent health promotion

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minmin Du ◽  
Yimin Liu ◽  
Lei Li
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Physical Literacy ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Training Models ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Physical Elements

Abstract A reexamination of the health problems of Chinese adolescents based on the concept of physical literacy (PL) was necessary. Through the use of follow-up data collected from the China Education Panel Survey 2014–2015, the main factors affecting the health of adolescents were identified, and possible explanations were investigated after cluster and inductive analyses were conducted. The results showed that (1) the 10 main factors identified as affecting adolescent health promotion are in line with the four main elements of PL (emotional, cognitive, social and physical elements) and (2) the three major categories of influencing factors identified through a cluster analysis were aligned with the three main factors of PL (endogeneity, fundamentality and permeability). These findings suggest that the factors influencing adolescent health promotion are closely associated with PL. The study results can provide empirical evidence for adolescent health promotion research and a reference for the development of evidence-based PL training models.

scholarly journals Combining transcriptomics and metabolomics to reveal the underlying molecular mechanism of ergosterol biosynthesis during the fruiting process of Flammulina velutipes

BMC Genomics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruihong Wang ◽  
Pengda Ma ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
Lingang Xiao ◽  
Zongsuo Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Flammulina Velutipes ◽  
Cdna Libraries ◽  
Ergosterol Biosynthesis ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Regulatory Relationship ◽  
Illumina Hiseq ◽  
Hiv Drugs

Abstract Background Flammulina velutipes has been recognized as a useful basidiomycete with nutritional and medicinal values. Ergosterol, one of the main sterols of F. velutipes is an important precursor of novel anticancer and anti-HIV drugs. Therefore, many studies have focused on the biosynthesis of ergosterol and have attempted to upregulate its content in multiple organisms. Great progress has been made in understanding the regulation of ergosterol biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, this molecular mechanism in F. velutipes remains largely uncharacterized. Results In this study, nine cDNA libraries, prepared from mycelia, young fruiting bodies and mature fruiting bodies of F. velutipes (three replicate sets for each stage), were sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq™ 4000 platform, resulting in at least 6.63 Gb of clean reads from each library. We studied the changes in genes and metabolites in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway of F. velutipes during the development of fruiting bodies. A total of 13 genes (6 upregulated and 7 downregulated) were differentially expressed during the development from mycelia to young fruiting bodies (T1), while only 1 gene (1 downregulated) was differentially expressed during the development from young fruiting bodies to mature fruiting bodies (T2). A total of 7 metabolites (3 increased and 4 reduced) were found to have changed in content during T1, and 4 metabolites (4 increased) were found to be different during T2. A conjoint analysis of the genome-wide connection network revealed that the metabolites that were more likely to be regulated were primarily in the post-squalene pathway. Conclusions This study provides useful information for understanding the regulation of ergosterol biosynthesis and the regulatory relationship between metabolites and genes in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway during the development of fruiting bodies in F. velutipes.

scholarly journals Relationship between Soil Salinization and Groundwater Hydration in Yaoba Oasis, Northwest China

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqing Cui ◽  
Yudong Lu ◽  
Ce Zheng ◽  
Zhiheng Liu ◽  
Jiamei Sai
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Soil Salt ◽  
The Relationship

Precipitation is scarce and evaporation is intense in desert areas. Groundwater is used as the main water source to develop agriculture in the oases. However, the effects of using groundwater on the ecological environment elicit widespread public concern. This study investigated the relationship between soil salinity and groundwater characteristics in Yaoba Oasis through in situ experiments. The relationship of the mineral content, pH, and main ion content of groundwater with soil salt was quantitatively evaluated through a gray relational analysis. Four main results were obtained. First, the fresh water area with low total dissolved solid (TDS) was usually HCO3− or SO42− type water, and salt water was mostly Cl− and SO42−. The spatial distribution of main ions in groundwater during winter irrigation in November was basically consistent with that during spring irrigation in June. However, the spatial distribution of TDS differed in the two seasons. Second, soil salinization in the study area was severe, and the salinization rate reached 72.7%. In this work, the spatial variability of soil salinization had a relatively large value, and the values in spring were greater than those in autumn. Third, the soil in the irrigated area had a high salt content, and the salt ion content of surface soil was higher than that of subsoil. A piper trilinear diagram revealed that Ca2+ and K+ + Na+ were the main cations. SO42−, Cl−, and HCO3− were the main anions, and salinization soil mainly contained SO42−. Fourth, the changes in soil salt and ion contents in the 0–10 cm soil layer were approximately similar to those of irrigation water quality, both of which showed an increasing trend. The correlation of surface soil salinity with the salinity of groundwater and its chemical components was high. In summary, this study identified the progress of irrigation water quality in soil salinization and provided a scientific basis for improving the oasis ecosystem, maintaining the healthy development of agriculture, managing oasis water resources, and policy development. Our findings can serve as a reference for other, similar oasis research.

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