scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients with Recurrent PCR Positivity After Hospital Discharge

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaige Wang ◽  
Qifan Zhang ◽  
Dong Lan ◽  
Yalun Li ◽  
Wenxin Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Prolonged Duration ◽  
Discharged Patients ◽  
Specific Igg

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with recurrent SARS-CoV-2 positivity after hospital discharge. Methods: This retrospective study included COVID-19 patients who were readmitted for recurrence of positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the risk factors associated to the duration of recurrent RNA positivity.Results: Among the 287 discharged COVID-19 patients, 33 (11.5%) patients with recurrent PCR positivity were included. Among these patients, 21 (63.7%) patients were female, their mean age was 48.7 (±19.7) years old. 22 (66.7%) patients were asymptomatic. The following clinical features were presented in other patients: cough, fatigue, sore throat, fever and expectoration. The chest CT findings revealed that 8 (24.2%) patients were characterized by deterioration compared to the previous results. The median duration of recurrent RNA positivity was 9.0 days (IQR, 6.0, 15.0). We found that increased serum SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibody titer, elevated serum creatinine level, and female gender were the risk factors for the prolonged duration of recurrent RNA positivity.Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 turned positive in a minority of discharged patients with COVID-19. Most patients experienced mild clinical course. Increased IgG antibody titer, creatinine and female gender were correlated to the prolonged RNA clearance time.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients with Recurrent PCR Positivity After Hospital Discharge

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaige Wang ◽  
Panwen Tian
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Prolonged Duration ◽  
Discharged Patients ◽  
Specific Igg

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with recurrent SARS-CoV-2 positivity after hospital discharge. Methods: This retrospective study included COVID-19 patients who were readmitted for recurrence of positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the risk factors associated to the duration of recurrent RNA positivity.Results: Among the 287 discharged COVID-19 patients, 33 (11.5%) patients with recurrent PCR positivity were included. Among these patients, 21 (63.7%) patients were female, their mean age was 48.7 (±19.7) years old. 22 (66.7%) patients were asymptomatic. The following clinical features were presented in other patients: cough, fatigue, sore throat, fever and expectoration. The chest CT findings revealed that 8 (24.2%) patients were characterized by deterioration compared to the previous results. The median duration of recurrent RNA positivity was 9.0 days (IQR, 6.0, 15.0). We found that increased serum SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibody titer, elevated serum creatinine level, and female gender were the risk factors for the prolonged duration of recurrent RNA positivity.Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 turned positive in a minority of discharged patients with COVID-19. Most patients experienced mild clinical course. Increased IgG antibody titer, creatinine and female gender were correlated to the prolonged RNA clearance time.

scholarly journals Frequency of antibodies and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection in backyard pig production in the city of Mossoró, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 508-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela Maria Campanelli dos Santos ◽  
Alexandro Iris Leite ◽  
Maria Eduarda Chiaradia Furquim ◽  
Diego Carlos de Souza Zanatto ◽  
Simone de Jesus Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
P Value ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Abstract Toxoplasmosis is an important zoonosis for pregnant women and immunosuppressed people. The pig population also becomes infected by this pathogen, and undercooked or raw meat is an important source of infection for humans. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the rate of exposure of pigs to T. gondii in the municipality of Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte and seek to identify associations with possible risk factors. Blood samples were collected from 412 pigs and were analyzed using the immunofluorescence assay. Among these 412 serum samples, 40.7% were seropositive for T. gondii. The IgG antibody titers were 64 (56 specimens), 128 (32), 256 (37), 512 (23), 1024 (14), 2048 (5) and 4046 (1). Seropositivity for T. gondii was found to be related (p-value < 0.05) to the following factors: female gender, semi-confined rearing system, use of well water, dewormed animals, presence of cats, goats, sheep, mice and vultures on the farm and carcasses left on the ground. In contrast, seropositivity was not related (p-value < 0.05) to the age of the pigs, type of facility or feeding with human food remains. Preventive measures need to be adopted on the farms studied here, with the aim of decreasing the animals’ intake of sporulated oocysts.

Serum CA 19–9 Level is Correlated to the Clinical Characteristics and Chronic Complications of Patients Newly Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Limei Cui ◽  
Naqiang Lv ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Jing Tao ◽  
Xiaomin Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Chronic Complications

Abstract Aim This study investigated the relation of serum carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA 19–9) levels to the clinical characteristics and chronic complications of patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A total of 371 patients newly diagnosed with T2DM and 133 healthy people with consecutively matched age were compared. The 371 patients with T2DM were divided into four groups by quartiles based on their serum CA 19–9 levels, in which clinical characteristics and chronic complications, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic nephropathy, and macrovascular complications were compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors of DR. Results Among the 371 patients newly diagnosed with T2DM, 60 had elevated CA 19–9 levels (16.17%). The frequencies of elevated serum CA 19–9 were 24.39% (30 of 123) for females and 12.10% (30 of 248) for males, in which the values for females were higher than those for males (P<0.01).Differences were observed among the serum CA 19–9 levels, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and DR (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that serum CA 19–9 levels, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and fasting C-peptide (FC-P) were risk factors for DR (P<0.05). Conclusions Serum CA 19–9 levels were correlated with HbA1c and DR in patients newly diagnosed with T2DM. The elevated serum CA 19–9 levels, high FC-P, and FBG levels were important risk factors for DR in patients newly diagnosed with T2DM.

Peripheral Teflon Catheters: Factors Determining Incidence of Phlebitis and Duration of Cannulation

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 249-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver A. Cornely ◽  
U. Bethe ◽  
Regina Pauls ◽  
D. Waldschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Insertion Site ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Change Policy ◽  
Serious Infection ◽  
Prolonged Duration ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Background:Catheter-related phlebitis is a frequent problem in the clinical setting. Risk factors for catheter-related phlebitis were assessed at a single tertiary-care institution where no routine change policy for peripheral intravenous catheters is in place.Methods:In a nonrandomized, observational trial, peripheral intravenous Teflon catheters were inserted in patients with a diagnosis of leukemia, lymphoma, solid tumor, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, other serious infection, or autoimmune disorder. Underlying disease, age, white blood cell count at the time of insertion, physician placing the catheter, catheter bore, duration of cannulation, reason for removal of the catheter, and visual inspection of the insertion site were recorded.Results:Four hundred twelve catheters were inserted in 175 patients. The number of catheterizations per episode varied between 1 and 7. Three hundred sixty-four (88.3%) catheter placements were evaluable. The mean duration of cannulation was 4.2 days. The overall incidence of phlebitis was 12.9%. Catheters in leukopenic patients showed a longer duration of cannulation compared with catheters in nonleukopenic patients, but no difference regarding the phlebitis rate.Conclusion:Findings in this study partly contrast with data reported in the literature. In particular, leukopenia, female gender, prolonged duration of cannulation, antibiotics, and choice of insertion site could not be shown to be risk factors.

scholarly journals The Wessex Recent In-Patient Suicide Study, 1

2001 ◽  
Vol 178 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. King ◽  
David S. Baldwin ◽  
Julia M. A. Sinclair ◽  
Nigel G. Baker ◽  
Michael J. Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Patient Suicide ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Discharged Patients ◽  
History Of

BackgroundPsychiatric patients have a higher suicide risk following hospital discharge.AimsTo identify social, clinical and health-care delivery factors in recently discharged patients.MethodRetrospective case-control study of 234 patients who died within 1 year of hospital discharge, matched for age, gender, diagnosis and admission period with 431 controls. Odds ratios for identified risk factors were calculated using conditional multiple logistic regression.ResultsIndependent increased-risk factors were: not being White; living alone; history of deliberate self-harm (DSH); suicidal ideation precipitating admission; hopelessness; admission under different consultant; onset of relationship difficulties; loss of job; in-patient DSH; unplanned discharge; significant care professional leaving/on leave. Reduced-risk factors were: shared accommodation; delusions at admission; misuse of non-prescribed substances; and continuity of contact.ConclusionsContinuity of contact may reduce suicide risk. Discontinuity of care from a significant professional is associated with increased risk of suicide.

scholarly journals A survey of vaccine-induced measles IgG antibody titer and the verification of changes in temporal differences of measles vaccination in young adults

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiraku Sasaki ◽  
Tomoko Fukunaga ◽  
Ai Asano ◽  
Yoshio Suzuki ◽  
Yuko Nakanishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Measles Virus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Measles Vaccination ◽  
Specific Igg

AbstractIn Japan, sporadic measles cases increased rapidly in 2019 compared to that in past 6 years. To clarify the persistence of immunity against measles in young adult, this study explored the prevalence of IgG antibody titer against measles virus in 18-to 24-year-old young adult participants. Measles-specific IgG antibody titers determined by enzyme immunoassay in serum samples collected from 506 participants between 18 to 24 years were assessed through statistical analyses. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the distribution of measles IgG antibody titers was significantly correlated with medical history (P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference among the number of vaccinations related to measles IgG titers. Further, measles IgG titers were significantly different, which was determined by the temporal change that elapsed period after last vaccination (P < 0.05). These results indicate that periodic vaccination against measles is required for young and older adults to prevent even sporadic measles infection.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics and risk factors of liver injury in COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study from Wuhan, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 723-732
Author(s):  
Ming Wang ◽  
Weiming Yan ◽  
Weipeng Qi ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Logistic Regression Method ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly become a major international public health concern. This study was designed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of COVID-19-associated liver injury. Methods A fraction of 657 COVID-19 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical and laboratory data were derived from electronic medical records and compared between patients with or without liver injury. Multivariate logistic regression method was used to analyze the risk factors for liver injury. Results Among 657 patients, 303 (46.1%) patients had liver injury with higher rate in severe/critically ill patients [148/257 (57.6%)] than those in moderate cases [155/400 (38.8%)]. The incidence of liver injury was much higher in male [192/303 (63.4%)] than female [111/303 (36.6%)], and in severe/critical patients [148/303 (48.8%)] with percutaneous oxygen saturation ≤ 93% [89/279 (31.9%)] or peak body temperature ≥ 38.5 °C [185/301 (61.5%)] on admission. Liver injury-related inflammations included increased white blood cells, neutrophils and decreased lymphocytes. More patients with liver injury than without had increased serum IL-2R, TNFα, ferritin, hsCRP, PCT, ESR, γ-GT, and LDH. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that increasing odds of liver injury were related to male, higher serum hsCRP (≥ 10 mg/L), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (≥ 5). Moreover, more deceased patients (14/82 (17%)) had significantly elevated serum TBIL than discharged patients [25/532 (4.7%)]. Conclusion Liver injury is a common complication in COVID-19 patients. The potential risk factors of liver injury include male, hsCRP and NLR score. A close monitor of liver function should be warned in COVID-19 patients, especially in severe/critical individuals.

Burden of Hospital-Onset Clostridium difficile Infection in Patients Discharged from Rhode Island Hospitals, 2010–2011: Application of Present on Admission Indicators

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 700-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongwen Jiang ◽  
Samara Viner-Brown ◽  
Rosa Baier
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Acute Care Hospitals ◽  
Hospital Discharge Database ◽  
Discharged Patients ◽  
Present On Admission ◽  
Discharge Database

Objective.The year 2010 is the first time that the Rhode Island hospital discharge database included present on admission (POA) indicators, which give us the opportunity to distinguish cases of hospital-onset Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) from cases of community-onset CDI and to assess the burden of hospital-onset CDI in patients discharged from Rhode Island hospitals during 2010 and 2011.Design.Observational study.Patients.Patients 18 years of age or older discharged from one of Rhode Island's 11 acute-care hospitals between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2011.Methods.Using the newly available POA indicators in the Rhode Island 2010 and 2011 hospital discharge database, we identified patients with hospital-onset CDI and without CDI. Adjusting for patient demographic and clinical characteristics using propensity score matching, we measured between-group differences in mortality, length of stay, and cost for patients with hospital-onset CDI and without CDI.Results.In 2010 and 2011, the 11 acute-care hospitals in Rhode Island had 225,999 discharges. Of 4,531 discharged patients with CDI (2.0% of all discharges), 1,211 (26.7%) had hospital-onset CDI. After adjusting for patient demographic and clinical characteristics, discharged patients with hospital-onset CDI were found to have higher mortality rates, longer lengths of stay, and higher costs than those without CDI.Conclusions.Our results highlight the burden of hospital-onset CDI in Rhode Island. These findings emphasize the need to track longitudinal trends to tailor and target population-health and quality-improvement initiatives.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for post-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Abdominal Pain in Patients without post-ERCP Pancreatitis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjie Chen ◽  
Ruhua Zheng ◽  
Jun Cao ◽  
Yuling Yao ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde ◽  
Pain Group ◽  
Upper Abdominal ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background: Most of the studies on the abdominal pain associated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are aimed at solving the pain during the procedure. Post-ERCP abdominal pain has rarely been investigated，and few studies have focused on the characteristics and risk factors of post-ERCP abdominal pain without post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (PEP).This study aimed to identify risk factors of post-ERCP abdominal pain without PEP and investigate characteristics of the abdominal pain in non-PEP patients.Methods: From August 6th, 2019, to January 15th, 2020, data of patients who underwent ERCP were retrospectively collected. The characteristics of the abdominal pain after ERCP were recorded and compared between PEP and non-PEP patients. Multivariate analysis was conducted to identify risk factors of non-PEP abdominal pain. Results: Data from 616 ERCP procedures were retrospectively investigated in this study, among which 51(8.28%) patients presented post-ERCP abdominal pain without PEP and 45 (7.31%) patients developed PEP. Multivariate analysis found that 5 risk factors were associated with non-PEP abdominal pain: female gender (OR:2.137), upper abdominal surgery history (OR:1.948), first time ERCP (OR:4.735), elevated serum γ-glutamyl transferase (𝛾-GT) (OR:2.570) and elevated serum direct bilirubin (DBIL) (OR:2.932). Visual analogue sale (VAS) score of PEP abdominal pain was higher than that of non-PEP pain group (P=0.05). There were no significant differences in the time of the onset of the pain, pain relief time, pain frequency, use of analgesic medicine, hospital stay and mortality between PEP and non-PEP pain group(P<0.05).Conclusion: This study indicated that female gender, upper abdominal surgery history, first time ERCP, elevated 𝛾-GT and elevated DBIL were independent risk factors for post-ERCP abdominal pain without PEP. Abdominal pain was severer in PEP patients than non-PEP patients.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Early Weight Loss in Breastfed, Early Term and Term Newborns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tijen Eren ◽  
Bahar Kural ◽  
Gulbin Gokcay
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Food Supplementation ◽  
American Hospital ◽  
Early Term ◽  
Early Weight Loss

Abstract Background: Infants lose some of their birth weight before hospital discharge. This loss, which is accepted as “physiological” up to a certain level (5-7%), is supplemented with food in early period for infants with over 7% of loss. While food supplementation does not have the benefits of mother’s milk, it may cause low breastfeeding success in the long run. In newborns, the identification of risk factors affecting weight loss in a few days following birth will increase exclusive breastfeeding success. The aim of this study is to evaluate the risk factors that cause weight loss in newborns before hospital discharge. Methods: Weight loss in infants born in a private trust hospital of Koc University American Hospital between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2014 was evaluated. The hospital records of 3812 babies who completed the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The variables giving meaningful results in binary tables were evaluated with “Multivariate Logistic Regression”.Results: The increase in maternal age, Caesarean section birth, primiparity, female gender and being early term were statistically significant risk factors for early weight loss in newborns.

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