Synthesis of biomass based plasticizer from linoleic acid and cardanol for preparing durable PVC material

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongying Chu ◽  
Huabei Li ◽  
Xiaoyan Sun ◽  
Yaowang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Dioctyl Phthalate ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Plasticized Pvc ◽  
Migration Resistance ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Abstract In this paper, we synthesized a kind of bio-based plasticizer epoxidized linoleic acid cardanol ester(ELCE) from cardanol and linoleic acid. Its chemical structure was characterized with FT-IR and 1H NMR. Polyvinyl chloride(PVC) blends plasticized with ELCE were prepared via thermoplastic blending with torque rheometer. The performance including torque, mechanical property, thermal stability, plasticizing property and migration resistance of plasticized PVC blends were investigated and compared with plasticized PVC blends with commercial plasticizer dioctyl phthalate(DOP). The results showed that ELCE improved thermal stability of PVC blends. ELCE played more excellent plasticizing effect on PVC blends than DOP. The better solvent extraction resistance and volatile resistance of ELCE make it impossible to completely replace DOP in PVC products.

Enhanced Thermal Stability of Esterified Lignin in Different Solvent Mediums

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharifah Nurul Ain Syed Hashim ◽  
Sarani Zakaria ◽  
Chin Hua Chia ◽  
Sharifah Nabihah Syed Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Alkaline Solution ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Aqueous Alkaline Solution ◽  
Alkali Lignin ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

In this study, soda alkali lignin from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB-AL) and kenaf core (KC-AL) are esterified with maleic anhydride under two different conditions, namely i) pyridine at temperature of 120°C for 3h and ii) aqueous alkaline solution at room temperature for 4h. As a result, the weight percentage gain (WPG) of the esterified EFB-AL (EFB-EL) and esterified KC-AL (KC-EL) in pyridine demonstrated a higher compared to aqueous alkaline solution. The FT-IR results of EFB-EL and KC-EL in both solvents exhibited some changes at the carbonyl and hydroxyl groups. Furthermore, the esterification process induced the carboxylic peak to appear in both alkali lignin samples. The outcome is confirmed by conducting H-NMR analysis, which demonstrated ester and carboxylic acid peaks within the spectral analysis. Finally, the TGA results showed both EFB-EL and KC-EL that are exposed to aqueous alkaline actually possessed better thermal stability and higher activation energy (Ea) compared to the esterified samples in pyridine.

Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Hyperbranched Poly(Diethynylbenzene-Silane)

2012 ◽  
Vol 560-561 ◽  
pp. 174-178
Author(s):  
Yan Zou ◽  
Hui Min Qi ◽  
Mei Ling Xu ◽  
Fa Rong Huang ◽  
Lei Du
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Grignard Reagent ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Polycondensation Reaction ◽  
Degree Of Branching ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Hyperbranched Poly ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Hyperbranched poly(diethynylbenzene-silane) (hb-PDEBS) was synthesized through polycondensation reaction of diethynylbenzene Grignard reagent (A2) and trichlorosilane (B3), and its structure was characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, GPC and Elemental Analysis. The degree of branching of hb-PDEBS was defined by 29Si-NMR and calculated to be about 0.68. The curing behavior of hb-PDEBS was investigated by DSC. Thermal stability of cured hb-PDEBS was examined by TGA, and its residue at 1000°C under nitrogen was 80.6%. Hb-PDEBS displayed a strong absorption due to π-π* transition and exhibited the most intensity structured emission with a maximum around 500 nm.

Effects of Imidization Temperature on the Structure and Properties of Electrospun Polyimide Nanofibers

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 155892501400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuejia Li ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Qingqing Wang ◽  
Qufu Wei
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Thermal Imidization ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Nanofiber Membranes ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

A two-step process for preparing polyimide nanofiber was used in this work, and the nanofibers of precursor polyamic acid (PAA) were prepared by electrospinning. The polyimide nanofibers were obtained through thermal imidization at different thermal imidization temperatures. The influences of different imidization temperatures on morphology, chemical structure, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of the polyimide nanofibers were investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscope (FT-IR), Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Electromechanical Universal Testing Machine. The experimental results show that the imidization of PAA nanofibers was not complete under 290°C but complete under 350°C. With the rise of imidization temperature from 290 °C to 350°C, the polyimide nanofibers became thinner, and the thermal stability of polyimide nanofibers was also improved. The breaking strength and elongation at break of the nanofiber membranes increased at higher imidization temperature.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Copolymerization of N-(phenylamino)maleimide with MMA

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-271
Author(s):  
B. L. Hiran ◽  
S. N. Paliwal ◽  
Jyoti Choudhary ◽  
P. R. Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Density Measurement ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Free Radical Copolymerization ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Gel Permeation ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

The free radical copolymerization of N-(phenylamino)maleimide (N-PAMI) was carried. The copolymerization with methyl methacrylate (MMA) was performed at 65°C with AIBN as the initiator in THF solvent. Resulting copolymer was characterized by density measurement, intrinsic viscosity, solubility, FT-IR &1H NMR spectroscopy. Effect of the solvent and time on copolymer yield was also investigated. The molecular weight of copolymer was determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The thermal stability of copolymer was determined by Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).

scholarly journals Self-Plasticization of PVC via click reaction of a monooctyl phthalate derivative

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puyou Jia ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Lihong Hu ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Yonghong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Click Reaction ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Migration Resistance ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
And Migration ◽  
High Migration

Abstract Modified PVC (M-PVC) material with suppressed migration and low glass transition temperature was prepared via click reaction of a monooctyl phthalate derivative. Chemical structure and composition of M-PVC were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR and element analysis. Thermal stability, glass transition temperature and migration stability of M-PVC were studied with TGA, DSC and migration tests, respectively. The study showed that M-PVC exhibited poor thermal stability, and low glass transition temperature of 66.0°C. No migration was found in distilled water, 10% (v/v) ethanol, 30% (w/v)acetic acid and petroleum ether. The PVC material is expected to preparing PVC products in the areas with high migration resistance requirement.

A Metal Coordination Crosslinking Novel High Performance Thermoset

2018 ◽  
Vol 913 ◽  
pp. 746-751
Author(s):  
Peng Yang ◽  
Jun Xiao Yang ◽  
Guan Jun Chang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Functional Polymers ◽  
Metal Coordination ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Performance Functional ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Good Agreement

N-substituted crosslinking polybenzimidazole pyridine sulfone, as novel high performance functional polymers, was prepared by the coordination of N-substituted polybenzimidazole pyridine sulfone (Py-N-PBIS) ligand with varying content of metallic ion (Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+). The structures of the polymers were characterized by means of FT-IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy, and the results showed a good agreement with the proposed structures. TGA measurements exhibited that the crosslinking polymers possessed good thermal stability with high thermal decomposition temperatures (thermally stable up to 405-510 °C). Additionally, the thermal stability of the coordination polymers was improved constantly with the increasing of the content of Co2+, Ni2+ or Zn2+. The metal coordination crosslinking N-substituted polybenzimidazole pyridine sulfone could be considered as a novel high performance thermoset.

Synthesis and Characteristic of Borazine-Silicon-Containing Arylacetylene Resin

2015 ◽  
Vol 1120-1121 ◽  
pp. 550-553
Author(s):  
Chao Zhou ◽  
Kang Kang Guo ◽  
Hui Min Qi ◽  
Ya Ping Zhu ◽  
Fan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Grignard Reagent ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
High Thermal Stability ◽  
Low Dielectric Constant ◽  
Hybrid Polymer ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Low Dielectric ◽  
Ft Ir

Borazine-silicon-containing arylacetylene (PBZSA) resin was a novel organic inorganic hybrid polymer and prepared through condensation reaction among B,B’,B’’-trichloroborazine, dichlorosilane and arylacetylene Grignard reagent. The chemical structure of PBZSA resin was characterized by FT-IR and 1H NMR. The thermal stability and dielectric properties of cured PBZSA were investigated by TGA and broadband dielectric spectrometer. The results indicated that cured PBZSA showed high thermal stability with char yield up to 87.1% at 1000°C and at decompose temperature (Td5) 580°C, and low dielectric constant (2.8-2.9) and dielectric loss (<0.005).

scholarly journals Synthesis of a novel environmental friendly plasticizer based on tung oil fatty acid for poly (vinyl chloride) blends

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanqing Tong ◽  
Jinping Hai
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Dioctyl Phthalate ◽  
Excellent Thermal Stability ◽  
Tung Oil ◽  
Plasticized Pvc ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Migration Resistance

Abstract A novel environmental friendly plasticizer (TPE) derived from tung oil fatty acid with long fatty acid chain and high degree of branching was synthesized. Chemical structure of the obtained TPE was characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and 1H NMR. TPE was used to prepare plasticized PVC blends as main plasticizer. Thermal stability, mechanical properties and migration resistance of poly (vinyl chloride) plasticized with TPE were investigated. The results showed that torque data of plasticized PVC blends reached 12.4 N·m when the mass of the TPE was 50 wt.%. TPE improved the thermal stability of PVC blends obviously than dioctyl phthalate (DOP). The leaching tests showed that PVC plasticized with TPE were with higher migration resistance than that of DOP. The excellent thermal stability and high migration resistance of PVC blends showed high application value for TPE.

Enhanced Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy of a Novel Transparent Poly(Methyl Methacrylate)-Based Copolymer

2014 ◽  
Vol 911 ◽  
pp. 423-427
Author(s):  
Sai Hua Jiang ◽  
Siu Ming Lo ◽  
Yuan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Char Formation ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

A novel poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) based copolymer was synthesized by bulk copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and a phosphorus-containing monomer, acryloxyethyl phenoxy phosphorodiethyl amidate (AEPPA). The chemical structure of AEPPA was confirmed by FTIR,1H NMR and31P NMR. The structure of copolymers was characterized using FTIR. TGA results indicate that the thermal stability of copolymers was remarkably enhanced with the addition of APEEA. LOI and MCC results suggest that the flame retardancy of copolymers was also improved. Detailed flame-retardant mechanism is proposed. The char formation during degradation caused by APEEA plays a key role in the property improvements.

A Novel Way of Catalyst-Free-Esterification of Ethyl Cellulose with Phthalic Anhydride

2012 ◽  
Vol 599 ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Jing Xu ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Ye Zhou ◽  
Peng Qu ◽  
Hui Min Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Phthalic Anhydride ◽  
Ethyl Cellulose ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Grafted Copolymer ◽  
Catalyst Free ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Ethyl cellulose (EC) was grafted with phthalic anhydride (PA) by esterification reaction without any catalyst in ethanol-methylbenzene mixture. The chemical structure and thermal stability of grafted copolymer (EC-g-PA) were analyzed by FT-IR and TGA, respectively, and compared with those of EC. The FT-IR results showed that EC has been grafted successfully with PA and the TGA results also show different thermal behavior between EC and EC-g-PA.

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