scholarly journals Effect of Untreated Oil Palm Fruit Fibre on the Engineering Properties of Road Construction Earth Materials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chidozie Maduabuchukwu Nwakaire ◽  
Ukomadu Chidebele Evaristus ◽  
Onu Chijioke Elijah
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Direct Application ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Lateritic Soil ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Control Samples

Abstract This study first evaluated the engineering properties of lateritic soil samples from three selected locations in South Eastern Nigeria (Nawfia, Okpuno, and Ugwuoba). The effect of Oil Palm Fruit Fibre (OPFF) on the properties of these soil materials was investigated, with special emphasis on road construction applicability. The samples were subjected to different tests to ascertain their index properties. Varying proportions of OPFF from 0.5% to 3% were incorporated into the soil samples and the effects were observed based on compaction and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) results. The control samples without inclusion of OPFF achieved the highest Maximum Dry Densities (MDD), the MDDs reduced linearly as the OPFF content increased. Consequently, the CBR values decreased with increase in OPFF. The reduction in MDD for the Nawfia samples ranged from 0.29% to 5.31% as the OPFF increased from 0.5% to 3%. The MDD of the Okpuno sample also reduced within the range of 1.25% to 9.51% whereas the reduction for the Ugwuoba soil is within the range of 1.55% and 9.79%. With the inclusion of the OPFF, there was up to 75% to 83% drop in CBR values of the soil rendering them very unsuitable for pavement subgrade. It was concluded that the presence of fibre depreciated the engineering properties of the earth materials. Direct application of OPFF in any part of road pavement has been dissuaded.

scholarly journals Stabilization of Lateritic Soil with Mahogany (Hardwood) Sawdust Ash

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.T., Oriaje ◽  
K.A. Adeyemo ◽  
O.Y. Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Road Construction ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Lateritic Soil ◽  
Engineering Material ◽  
Material Particle ◽  
Lateritic Soils ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Natural Moisture Content ◽  
Under Construction

Most naturally occurring laterites possess poor engineering properties despite their extensive uses for filling and subgrade materials. Few works have been reported on the use of mahogany sawdust ash (MSA) for the stabilization of lateritic soils. This investigation explores the effect of Hardwood Sawdust on the performance of lateritic soils as an engineering material. Particle size distribution, natural moisture content, specific gravity and consistency limits tests were conducted on soil samples obtained from burrow pits at Oke-Baale roundabout of Osogbo West-Bye pass road under construction for classification purpose. Engineering behaviour was also investigated through compaction and unsoaked California Bearing Ratio (CBR) performed on natural and admixed specimens, with the inclusion of 2, 4 and 6% MSA by weight of soil. Preliminary tests indicate that the natural samples were well-graded and rated medium as subgrade material in road construction. Reduction in the plasticity index (PI) of samples from 17 to 14% at 4% MSA were observed. MDD decreased to 1.54, 1.38 and 1.45 Mg/m3 at 2, 4 and 6% MSA respectively. The CBR increased to 18.8, 20.2 and 20.4% at 2, 4 and 6% MSA respectively. The research demonstrated that there is an impressive potential for MSA to enhance the mechanical properties of lateritic soils.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of Improving the Properties of Lime-Stabilized Structural Lateritic Soil for Highway Structural Works using Groundnut Shell Ash

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olugbenga AMU ◽  
Oluwaseun ADETAYO ◽  
Feyidamilola FALUYI ◽  
Emmanuel AKINYELE
Keyword(s):  
Soil Samples ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Lateritic Soil ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Atterberg Limit ◽  
Compaction Test ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Groundnut Shell ◽  
Groundnut Shell Ash

This research considered the viability of groundnut shell ash (GSA) on lime-stabilized lateritic soil for highway structural works. Three samples of lateritic soil, named samples A, B, and C, were gathered from Idita-Mokuro, NTA-Mokuro, and ETF burrow pits, respectively, in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. Preliminary tests were completed on the samples in their natural states and when stabilized with optimum lime. Engineering properties were performed while 2, 4, and 6 % GSA contents were added to the soil samples at optimum lime. The Atterberg limit tests showed a significant reduction in the plasticity index for samples A and C when stabilized with lime. Compaction test showed a decrease in the maximum dry density from 1,685 to 1,590 kg/m3 for sample A, 1,599 to 1,512 kg/m3 for sample B, and 1,396 to 1,270 kg/m3 for sample C on stabilizing with lime; the introduction of GSA to stabilized lime soil diminished the maximum dry density for all the soil samples, with sample A reduced to 1,435 and 1,385 kg/m3 at 2 and 4 GSA contents, respectively. The addition of GSA improved the engineering properties of lime-stabilized soils as the unsoaked CBR esteems expanded for all soil samples. At an optimum lime dosage, the addition of 2 % GSA expanded the triaxial shear strength from 60.43 to 188.36 kN/m2 for sample A and, at 4 % GSA content, both soil samples B and C increased from 19.19 to 201.48 kN/m2 and 30.62 to 111.65 kN/m2, respectively. Conclusively, GSA improved the toughness and strength of lime-stabilized lateritic soil for highway structural works.

scholarly journals Predictive models to determine the behavior of plastic and liquid limit of Lateratic soil for Raod construction at Egbema: Imo state of Nigeria

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Ndubuisi Eluozo ◽  
C. Nwaobakata
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Models ◽  
Design Parameter ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Lateritic Soil ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Laboratory Results

Predictive values to determine the behaviour of plastic and liquid of lateritic soil for road design and construction has been developed, this two parameters has a relationship in term of soil classification through their laboratory results, both parameters sample were subjected to through laboratory analysis for several locations, the laboratory results of both parameters were plotted to determine there behavious and limits, the results generated equations at various locations, the equations were resolved and it generated theoretical values, the model values displayed there relationship on the classification of soil for road construction. The implementation of a laboratory testing proceedure is to classify subgrade material and assess sustain properties and moisture sensitivity (heavy, collapse, softening) that can influence long-term pavement performance. Testing implementation consists of classification testing, these are (i.e., gradation analysis, Atterberg Limits and sulfate tests). Generated predictive models producing theoretical values, are engineering properties of soil testing for various parameters (i.e., swell/consolidation, R-value, unconfined compressive strength, California Bearing Ratio, and Resilient Modulus Tests). This are also design parameters that should generate predictive models that can be applied as design parameter in the study area, the study is imperative because predictive models generated and validated has ascertain proof of the workability of the models as design parameter in design of flexible pavements in the study location.

Stabilization Effect of Aluminum Dross on Tropical Lateritic Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 86-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayobami Adebola Busari ◽  
Isaac I. Akinwumi ◽  
Paul O. Awoyera ◽  
O.M. Olofinnade ◽  
T.I. Tenebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Plasticity Index ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Lateritic Soil ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Aluminum Dross ◽  
Stabilized Soil

This experimental research assessed the engineering and geotechnical properties of Aluminum dross (ALDR). Glumly, this solid waste is usually open dumped with detrimental effect on the environment. In a bid to reduce solid waste in the environment and also improve pavement interlayer properties, this research utilized ALDR as a stabilizer for tropical lateritic soil. The lateritic soil was stabilized with the addition of this solid waste at 2% intervals from 2% to 16%. Response surface analysis was used in optimizing the strength and consistency of the stabilized soil sample. The addition of this non-conventional stabilizer helped in modifying the engineering properties of the soil sample, this had indications on the atterberg limit as the liquid limit, and the plasticity index increased from 43% to 54.61% and 28.02%- 40.8% respectively, while the plasticity index reduced from 15.1% - 13.8% signifying soil improvement. The load-bearing capacity of the sample increased from 51.22% to 62.41%. Additionally, the unconfined test showed that addition of ALDR residue improved the consistency of the stabilized soil sample. From the model equation, a positive relationship exists between CBR and UCS. R2value of 0.81 showed the robustness of the model developed. The research showed that aluminum dross is a suitable material for improving the engineering properties of the tropical lateritic soil towards a sustainable road construction.

scholarly journals Stabilization of Lateritic Soil Admixed with Maize Husk Ash

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (March 2018) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R Oluremi ◽  
K.O Fagbenro ◽  
O.M Osuolale ◽  
A.M Olawale
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Lateritic Soil ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Unconfined Compression Test ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Stabilized Soil

Lateritic soil is one of the major construction materials in road pavement. However, obtaining lateritic soil with sufficient strength is difficult, which may necessitate its improvement by stabilization. Lateritic soil, in this study, was stabilized with upto 12% Maize Husk Ash (MHA) by weight of soil samples, with a view of improving its geotechnical properties and assessing it as subbase materials. Classification tests (particle size analysis, specific gravity, Atterbergs limits) and strength index tests (compaction, california bearing ratio (CBR), unconfined compression test (UCS) were performed on both the natural and the MHA-stabilized soil samples. The grain size analysis shows that the percentage passing No. 200 BS sieve was 47.7% for the natural lateritic soil and between 50 and 62.1% for MHA stabilized lateritic soil. The liquid limit, plastic limit and plasticity index are in the range of 61 to 76%, 28 to 53% and 16 to 37% respectively. Also, the maximum dry densities increased, while the optimum water content decreased with increase in the MHA content. The CBR value of the lateritic soil increased with MHA content up till 6% addition of MHA and thereafter decreased, while higher UCS value was obtained up till 3% and then decreased with increasing content of MHA. The results indicated that the MHA stabilized lateritic soil could only be used as subgrade and fill materials.

scholarly journals The effect of randomly distributed natural fibers on some geotechnical characteristics of a lateritic soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Lawer ◽  
S. I. K. Ampadu ◽  
F. Owusu-Nimo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Lateritic Soil ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Unconfined Compression Test ◽  
Palm Fiber ◽  
Geotechnical Characteristics

AbstractWeak lateritic subgrades are more often than not encountered during road construction in Ghana. This makes it necessary to find economically efficient ways to improve the engineering properties of these marginal lateritic soils. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of coconut fiber (30 mm, 60 mm and 90 mm fiber lengths) and palm fiber on some geotechnical characteristics of a weak lateritic subgrade. The lateritic soil was collected from the KNUST campus and blended with various percentages of the fibers varying between 0.1 and 1.0% by weight of dry soil. The mixed materials were then subjected to various laboratory tests including compaction, unconfined compression test and 4-day-soaked California bearing ratio test. From the results, it was observed that increasing the fiber content decreased the maximum dry density and increased the optimum moisture content. The inclusion of the fiber increased the soaked CBR from 7 to a maximum of 18, 22, and 25 at 30 mm, 60 mm and 90 mm fiber lengths, respectively. The unconfined compressive strength also increased from 140 to a maximum of 353 kPa, 398 kPa and 447 kPa, respectively, for 30 mm, 60 mm and 90 mm fiber lengths. Similarly, palm fiber inclusion recorded maximum soaked CBR value of 14% and UCS value of 352 kPa. These peak values were obtained at optimum fiber contents of 0.2%.

Potential Investigation of Stabilised Fuming Furnace Slag for Road Construction

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-512
Author(s):  
A.K. Sinha ◽  
M. Vinoth ◽  
Vasant G. Havanagi ◽  
S. Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Granular Layers ◽  
Zinc Industry

Fuming furnace (FF) slag is one of the industrial waste materials which is generated during extraction of zinc metal at the zinc industry. It is deposited at the designated FF slag yard near the plant area with very limited use. As a result, the deposits are increasing year after year posing threat to the environment and occupying large area of precious land. The present research explores the possibility of using this waste material in the road construction. The tests like Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and X-ray diffraction was carried out on FF slag. To improve its geotechnical properties, it was mechanically stabilised with jarofix (another waste material generated from the same zinc industry) in the range of 25 to 75 percent. Apart from compaction characteristics, shear strength and consolidation characteristics of these mixes were studied to conclude about its feasibility in embankment and granular layers of road pavement. These mixes were further chemically stabilized with cement in the range of 3 to 9 percent to investigate their potential application in sub base and base layers of road construction. Compressive and durability characteristics of these mixes were also studied. Detailed laboratory study concluded that FF slag is a porous; amorphous cohesionless coarse grained material with high angle of internal friction. Engineering properties viz. dry density, CBR, and shear strength characteristics improved significantly after mechanical stabilisation with jarofix. These parameters of FF slag were compared with other industrial waste materials. Unconfined compressive strength and durability characteristics indicated suitability of cement stabilised slag-jarofix mixes for sub base and base layers of road pavement. It was concluded that about 20-30 percent of FF slag can be used as a replacement of fine aggregate in these granular layers. A typical pavement design indicated that it is possible to reduce the total pavement thickness of about 13 percent by using cement stabilised slag-jarofix mix.

CREDO RADON UA – INFORMATION MODEL FOR CALCULATION OF ROAD CONSTRACTION

2019 ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Karedin ◽  
Nadiya Pavlenko
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Static Loading ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Residual Deformation ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Road Pavement

CREDO RADON UA software provides an automated calculation of the strength of the pavement structures of non-rigid and rigid types, as well as the calculation of the strengthening of existing structures. In the article, one can see the main features and functionality of the CREDO RADON UA software, the main points in the calculations according to the new regulations. Information support of the design process includes necessary databases, informational and helping materials that make up the full support of the pavement design process. The concept of CREDO RADON UA 1.0 software is made on the use of elasticity theory methods in calculations of initial information models of pavements. Performing optimization calculations, the roadwear in CREDO RADON UA is designed in such a way that no unacceptable residual deformation occurs under the influence of short-term dynamic or static loading in the working layer of the earth bed and in the structural layers during the lifetime of the structure. The calculation algorithms were made in accordance with the current regulatory documents of Ukraine. CREDO RADON UA software allows user to create information bases on road construction materials and vehicles as part of the traffic flow for calculations. The presented system of automated modeling makes it easier for the customer to control the quality of design solutions, to reasonably assign designs to layers of reinforcement, to quickly make comparisons of calculations of different designs for the optimal use of allocated funds. Prospects for further improvement of the program should be the results of theoretical and experimental studies on filling the databases, which are used as information support for automated design of road structures. Keywords: CREDO RADON UA, road, computer-aided design, repair project, road pavement, strengthening, construction, rigid pavement, elasticity module, a transport stream, calculation method, information support, dynamic or static loading.

The DEVELOPMENT OF Elaeidobius kamerunicus FAUST POPULATION AFTER INTRODUCTION AND THE IMPROVEMENT OF OIL PALM FRUIT SET IN SERAM ISLAND, MOLLUCAS, INDONESIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Agus Eko Prasetyo ◽  
Agus Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Female Flowers ◽  
Elaeidobius Kamerunicus

Elaeidobius kamerunicus is the main pollinating agent in oil palm plantations in Indonesia today. The development of oil palm plantations in new areas requires introduction of these insects, moreover the new areas are located on different islands. First introduction of Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust had been done from North Sumatra to Seram Island on 23 September 2013. The introduction was performed on larva and pupa stadium in 4-5 days post anthesising of male inflorescences. The introduction of E. kamerunicus using plywood boxes has an average risk of death by 7.89% at 6 days delivery period. Observation before releasing of the weevils showed that this insect was not detected in both of oil palm male and female flowers and the oil palm fruit set was very low approximately 11.27%. For about 500 weevils/ha were released in Marnuhu estate and could be developed into 362,401 weevils/ha in 5 months with 97.86% of oil palm sex ratio. The oil palm fruit sets were increased after 1 and 2 months introduction, 53.70% and 75.56 %, respectively. The lower sex ratio of oil palm or the more availability of male inflorescences make growth of E. kamerunicus population became faster and the greater number of weevils that visiting anthesising of female flowers make the higher value of oil palm fruit set.

OIL CONTENT AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION IN THE PARTS OF OIL PALM FRUIT FROM 8 IOPRI VARIETIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Sujadi Sujadi ◽  
Hasrul Abdi Hasibuan ◽  
Meta Rivani ◽  
Abdul Razak Purba
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Main Component

Fresh fruit bunches (FFB) consist of fruit be composed grade in few spikelet. Fruit at a spikelet can be distinguished into performed fruit namely internal fruit, middle fruit and outer fruit as soon as each section contain parthenocarpy fruits. This research was conducted for determine composition and content fatty acid of oil at internal fruit, middle, outer and parthenocarpy fruit from oil palm fruit. Samples of fruit came from 3 – 5 spikelet the central of FFB. Result showed that oil content of outer fruit (46.9 + 9.9)% trend higher be compared middle fruit (42.8 + 10.3)% and internal fruit (39.1 + 9.5)%. Parthenocarpy fruits have a low oil content (14.2 + 16.2)% except yellowish fruit trend high relatively oil content. The main components of fatty acid at outer fruit, middle and internal are palmitic acid, oleic, linoleic and stearic with mean value respectively (44.8 – 45.8)%, (37.6 – 38.0)%, (9.9 – 10.9)% and (4.6 – 4.8)%. Oil content at parthenocarpy fruit have amount main component of fatty acid with performed fruit but composition of palmitic acid (40.0 + 5.9)% and oleic (34.6 + 8.4)% lower while linoleic acid (16.9 + 8.5)% and linolenic (1.6 + 1.8)% higher be compared to performed fruit. Simalungun variety has the highest oil content in the part of fruit, with that PPKS 540 and La Mé respectively. PPKS 540 variety has the highest oleic acid content while PPKS 718 has the highest linoleic content.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document