Perceptions, behaviours and attitudes towards smoking held by the male partners of Chinese pregnant women: A qualitative study

Abstract Background: Direct associations of tobacco exposure during pregnancy with pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes have been proven. Previous studies suggest that expecting a child provides a teachable moment to promote behavioural changes, such as smoking cessation, among the male partners of pregnant women. Thorough understandings of Chinese expectant fathers smoking behaviour during the transition to fatherhood is an essential prerequisite to the development of appropriate interventions to facilitate smoking cessation. This study aimed to explore the perceptions, behaviours and attitudes related to smoking among male partners of pregnant women in China.Methods: A descriptive phenomenological approach was adopted. A purposive sample of expectant fathers aged 18 years or older who had a tobacco use history within the past year were recruited at obstetrics and gynaecology clinics and invited to participate in one-to-one 20-30-minute semi-structured interviews. The data analysis followed Colaizzi’s descriptive phenomenological method. Results: Twenty-five expectant fathers were interviewed. Four themes were generated: 1) the social interaction benefits of smoking and the misperceptions of the smoking hazards were the major reasons for continuing smoking; 2) associations between the perceptions of health and smoking, included negative impact of smoking on their own health develops slowly and can be ignored, and secondhand smoke will not affect the health of foetuses; 3) factors contributing to smoking cessation, including concerns about the health of the pregnant partner and baby, the role of father, partners’ pregnancy as a good excuse, and encouragement of family members and recognition of efforts to quit smoking;, and 4) perceived barriers to smoking cessation, including difficulties in overcoming withdrawal symptoms or cigarette cravings, negative attitude toward seeking assistance with smoking cessation, unawareness of and difficulty in accessing smoking cessation support, and Lack of coping strategies for releasing increased stress..Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the perceptions, behaviours and attitudes held by Chinese expectant fathers regarding smoking and identified the facilitators and barriers to cessation. The findings from this study could direct healthcare professionals to develop and evaluate appropriate smoking cessation interventions targeted for Chinese expectant fathers. Trial registration: Registered at clinicaltrial.org (NCT03401021) on 8 Jan 2018.

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Perceptions, behaviours and attitudes towards smoking held by the male partners of Chinese pregnant women: a qualitative study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-11966-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wei Xia ◽

Ho Cheung William Li ◽

Peige Song ◽

Ka Yan Ho ◽

Yuanhui Luo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Smoking Behaviour ◽

Male Partners ◽

Tobacco Exposure ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Potential Health ◽

Link Type ◽

Expectant Fathers ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Direct associations of tobacco exposure during pregnancy with pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes have been proven. Previous studies suggest that expecting a child provides a valuable opportunity to promote behavioural changes, such as smoking cessation, among the male partners of pregnant women. Thorough understandings of Chinese expectant fathers’ smoking behaviour during the transition to fatherhood is a prerequisite to the development of appropriate interventions to facilitate smoking cessation. This study aimed to explore the perceptions, behaviours and attitudes related to smoking among male partners of pregnant women in China. Methods A descriptive phenomenological approach was adopted. A purposive sample of expectant fathers aged 18 years or older who had a tobacco use history within the past year were recruited at obstetrics and gynaecology clinics and invited to participate in one-to-one, 20–30-min semi-structured interviews. The data analysis followed Colaizzi’s descriptive phenomenological method. Results Twenty-five expectant fathers were interviewed. Four themes were generated: 1) the benefits of smoking and respondents’ misperceptions of the impact of smoking and SHS and neglectful attitude of the impact of smoking, which were given as the major reasons for continuing to smoke; 2) factors contributing to smoking cessation, including concern for the potential health impact of continued smoking on the pregnant partner and baby, the role of being father, and the encouragement to quit from family members; and 3) perceived barriers to smoking cessation, including withdrawal symptoms or cigarette cravings, absence of smoking cessation support, and increasing stress. Conclusion This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the perception, behaviours, and attitudes related to smoking among Chinese expectant fathers. The findings of this study can guide healthcare professionals and policymakers in combining the distribution of educational information about the hazards of SHS for maternal and neonatal health with smoking cessation assistance for expectant fathers through policy initiatives and other types of incentives and programmes targeted to enhance smoking cessation among this population. Trial registration Prospectively registered at clinicaltrial.org (NCT03401021) on 8 Jan 2018.

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The impact of a minimal smoking cessation intervention for pregnant women and their partners on perinatal smoking behaviour in primary health care: A real-life controlled study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/1471-2458-8-325 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Torbjørn Øien ◽

Ola Storrø ◽

Jon A Jenssen ◽

Roar Johnsen

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Smoking Cessation ◽

Primary Health Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Real Life ◽

Smoking Behaviour ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Primary Health ◽

Cessation Intervention ◽

The Impact

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The needs of pregnant women and their significant others regarding professional smoking cessation support

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.014 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

S Weiland ◽

J C Warmelink ◽

L L Peters ◽

M Y Berger ◽

J J H M Erwich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Social Network ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Smoking During Pregnancy ◽

The North ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Need Support ◽

Continue Smoking

Abstract Introduction Despite the health risks of smoking, some women continue smoking during pregnancy. Professional smoking cessation support (SCS) has shown to be effective in increasing the proportion of women who quit smoking during pregnancy. However, few women actually make use of professional SCS. The aim of this study is to investigate the needs of women and their partners for professional SCS. Methods Semi-structured interviews were held with pregnant women and recent mothers who smoked or quit smoking during pregnancy, and their partners, living in the North of the Netherlands. Recruitment was done via Facebook, LinkedIn, food banks, baby stores and healthcare professionals. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and thematically analyzed. Results 28 interviews were conducted, 23 with pregnant women and recent mothers, and five with partners of the women. The following themes were identified: 1) Understanding women's needs, 2) Responsibility without criticism, and 3) Women and their social network. These themes reflect that women need support from an involved and understanding healthcare professional, who holds women responsible for smoking cessation but refrains from criticism. Women also prefer involvement of their social network in the professional support. Conclusions For tailored support, the guideline for professional SCS may need some adaptations, and women and their partners should be involved in the development of future guidelines. Women prefer healthcare professionals to address smoking cessation in a neutral way and to respect their autonomy in the decision to stop smoking.

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‘I Sat Filling in This Form While Smoking and It Was Divine’. An Analysis of Free-Text Comments from Smokers Who Report They Have No Intention of Quitting in the Next Six Months

The Journal of Smoking Cessation ◽

10.1017/jsc.2014.29 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 219-228 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Sweeney-Magee ◽

D. Kale ◽

A. Hamill ◽

H. Gilbert

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Health Behaviours ◽

Smoking Behaviour ◽

Future Research ◽

Free Text ◽

Positive Health ◽

Quit Attempts

Introduction: Smokers unmotivated to quit are neglected by smoking cessation research. Free-text comment analysis is a potentially useful way to gain insight into this group's beliefs.Aims: To analyse the free-text comments provided by smokers unmotivated to quit as part of a randomized controlled trial of computer-tailored feedback for smoking cessation.Method: A random sample of 58,660 smokers were sent a smoking behaviour questionnaire (SBQ). The responses and follow-up outcomes of those providing free-text comments were compared to those who did not to assess the representativeness of the former group of smokers. The comments of participants unmotivated to quit (631) were thematically analysed.Results: Those who provided a comment differed from those who did not on variables including education level and quit attempts at six-month follow-up. Emergent themes included; justification of smoking and restricting smoking instead of quitting.Conclusions: The findings illustrate the value of free-text comments in identifying issues important to respondents. The identified themes highlight areas for future research in smokers unmotivated to quit including cutting down as a path to quitting and explicit messages regarding the inability of positive health behaviours to balance out the negative impact of smoking on health.Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN05385712.

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Barriers to and facilitators of smoking cessation in pregnancy and following childbirth: literature review and qualitative study

Health Technology Assessment ◽

10.3310/hta21360 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (36) ◽

pp. 1-158 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Linda Bauld ◽

Hilary Graham ◽

Lesley Sinclair ◽

Kate Flemming ◽

Felix Naughton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Smoking Behaviour ◽

Smoking In Pregnancy ◽

Social Ecological ◽

Stop Smoking ◽

Effective Interventions ◽

The Social ◽

In Pregnancy

Background Although many women stop smoking in pregnancy, others continue, causing harm to maternal and child health. Smoking behaviour is influenced by many factors, including the role of women’s significant others (SOs) and support from health-care professionals (HPs). Objectives To enhance understanding of the barriers to, and facilitators of, smoking cessation and the feasibility and acceptability of interventions to reach and support pregnant women to stop smoking. Design Four parts: (1) a description of interventions in the UK for smoking cessation in pregnancy; (2) three systematic reviews (syntheses) of qualitative research of women’s, SOs’ and HPs’ views of smoking in pregnancy using meta-ethnography (interpretative approach for combining findings); (3) semistructured interviews with pregnant women, SOs and HPs, guided by the social–ecological framework (conceptualises behaviour as an outcome of individuals’ interactions with environment); and (4) identification of new/improved interventions for future testing. Setting Studies in reviews conducted in high-income countries. Qualitative research was conducted from October 2013 to December 2014 in two mixed urban/rural study sites: area A (Scotland) and area B (England). Participants Thirty-eight studies (1100 pregnant women) in 42 papers, nine studies (150 partners) in 14 papers and eight studies described in nine papers (190 HPs) included in reviews. Forty-one interviews with pregnant women, 32 interviews with pregnant women’s SOs and 28 individual/group interviews with 48 HPs were conducted. Main outcome measures The perceived barriers to, and facilitators of, smoking cessation in pregnancy and the identification of potential new/modified interventions. Results Syntheses identified smoking-related perceptions and experiences for pregnant women and SOs that were fluid and context dependent with the capacity to help or hinder smoking cessation. Themes were analysed in accordance with the social–ecological framework levels. From the analysis of the interviews, the themes that were central to cessation in pregnancy at an individual level, and that reflected the findings from the reviews, were perception of risk to baby, self-efficacy, influence of close relationships and smoking as a way of coping with stress. Overall, pregnant smokers were faced with more barriers than facilitators. At an interpersonal level, partners’ emotional and practical support, willingness to change smoking behaviour and role of smoking within relationships were important. Across the review and interviews of HPs, education to enhance knowledge and confidence in delivering information about smoking in pregnancy and the centrality of the client relationship, protection of which could be a factor in downplaying risks, were important. HPs acknowledged that they could best assist by providing support and understanding, and access to effective interventions, including an opt-out referral pathway to Stop Smoking Services, routine carbon monoxide screening, behavioural support and access to pharmacotherapy. Additional themes at community, organisational and societal levels were also identified. Limitations Limitations include a design grounded in qualitative studies, difficulties recruiting SOs, and local service configurations and recruitment processes that potentially skewed the sample. Conclusions Perceptions and experiences of barriers to and facilitators of smoking cessation in pregnancy are fluid and context dependent. Effective interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy should take account of the interplay between the individual, interpersonal and environmental aspects of women’s lives. Future work Research focus: removing barriers to support, improving HPs’ capacity to offer accurate advice, and exploration of weight concerns and relapse prevention. Interventions focus: financial incentives, self-help and social network interventions. Study registration This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42013004170. Funding The National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme.

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Senior Managers’ Experience with Health, Happiness, and Motivation in Hospitals and the Perceived Impact on Health Systems: The Case of Meru County, Kenya

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9030350 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 350

Author(s):

Rose Nabi Deborah Karimi Muthuri ◽

Flavia Senkubuge ◽

Charles Hongoro

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Status ◽

Health System ◽

Health Systems ◽

Health Workforce ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Phenomenological Approach ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Senior Managers ◽

Perceived Impact

Hospitals play a significant role in health systems. Studies among the health workforce have revealed their experiences with mental health challenges. In comparison, there is limited literature on their positive mental health. The purpose of this study was to explore senior managers’ experiences with health status, happiness, and motivation in hospitals and the perceived impact on the health system in Kenya. This qualitative study applied a phenomenological research design. Senior managers within the hospital management teams were selected using purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were carried out among senior managers across eleven hospitals in Meru County, Kenya. Among the eleven participants 63.6% were female and 36.4%, were male and the mean age was 44.5 years. The audio-taped data were transcribed and analyzed using Colaizzi’s phenomenological approach. The five themes revealed were: (1) Happiness in the health system; (2) Health status in the health system; (3) Motivation in the health system; (4) Challenges in the health system; (5) Possible solutions to the challenges in the health system. This study revealed the positive and negative impact of the three domains, challenges, and solutions, from the senior managers’ perspective. Healthy, happy, and motivated senior managers and healthcare workers are more responsive and perform better. Policy interventions and programs promoting happiness, health status, and motivation are necessary for strengthening the health workforce and health system.

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Evaluating the Psychological Consequences and Complications and Family Challenges Caused by Corona Conditions for Working Individuals

Journal of Counseling Research ◽

10.18502/qjcr.v20i78.6792 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tahereh Alipour ◽

Rogayyeh Mousavi

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Phenomenological Approach ◽

Psychological Effects ◽

Psychological Consequences ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Statistical Population ◽

Working Community ◽

Statistical Sample ◽

As Stress

Aim: The Covid Pandemic has 19 different psychological effects such as stress, anxiety, fear, etc., and various family consequences on employed people. This study was designed and conducted to identify the psychological consequences and family challenges caused by coronary conditions in employed people. Methods: This study was conducted with a qualitative approach and phenomenological method. The statistical population was employed people in Tehran in 1399, which included criteria such as having worked in that job for a year and working in governmental, non-governmental, service, health, freelance and .... organizations. The statistical sample includes 16 people who were purposefully and accessibly selected. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect information. claizi's descriptive phenomenological approach was used to analyze the data. Results: The findings of this study were identified in the form of main categories and sub-categories. In reviewing the results from the 3 general questions extracted from the research, 16 main categories of negative emotions, occupation, recreation, vitality, order, stress, care, opportunity, education, communication and physical problems, negative impact, tolerance, positive impact, no problem And telecommuting was achieved. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the corona virus pandemic in Iran is a new and unpredictable experience for all people that has negative and different psychological effects on the working community. Therefore, it is suggested that psychological interventions be performed to improve mental health and reduce the psychological consequences of the working community.

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Information for caregivers and family in the Emergency Department

iNursing Journal ◽

10.52457/yckp9166 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Raquel Rocha ◽

Flávia Silva ◽

Ana Bastos ◽

Samuel Lopes

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Information Needs ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Phenomenological Approach ◽

Scientific Language ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Public Road ◽

Lack Of Information

ABSTRACT Introduction: A visit to the Emergency Department can have a negative impact on patients, their families and caregivers. To overcome negative effects linked to the lack of information, it is necessary to involve the patient’s family and caregivers and evaluate their information needs. Aims: Identify the information that caregivers need from the families in an emergency department; understand how often information should be given to the caregivers; identify the health professionals most qualified to impart the information and identify all the communication barriers experience by caregivers. Methods: This research is a qualitative study with descriptive phenomenological approach. We carried out 38 semi - structured interviews on a public road close to an Emergency Department, from February to March 2018. Data were analysed according to the descriptive phenomenological method of Amedeo Giorgi (1985,1997). Results: Caregivers identified receiving information about the patient as a priority. They also wanted to receive information about the patient more often from doctors and/or nurses. In addition, caregivers identified the use of medical/scientific language by health professionals as possible barriers to communication between them. Other concerns raised included the attitude of the health professional, their availability and the lack of communication. Conclusions: Caregivers should be seen as an important and essential pillar of the healthcare system. The information provided by health professionals should be adjusted to the needs of the caregivers. Keywords: Access to Information, Emergency Medical Services.

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