Auricular Acupuncture Therapy for Stage I of Shoulder Hand Syndrome (SHS) After Ischemic Stroke: Study Protocol for a Randomized, Sham-controlled, Patient-blinded, Clinical Trial
Abstract Background: Shoulder hand syndrome (SHS) is one of the common complications after a stroke, with the incidence rate up to 75% in China. The stage Ⅰ level is manifested as chronic pain and limitation of movement, which could cause irreversible muscle atrophy, joint deformation and even loss of motor function if progress to stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ. Auricular acupuncture, as one important component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a micro acupuncture therapy which combines acupuncture and holographic theory. However, the clinical efficacy of auricular acupuncture is still controversial and the length of improvement by auricular acupuncture has not been validated by clinical studies. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the efficacy and duration of auricular acupuncture for pain relief and for motor function improvement in stage Ⅰ of SHS after ischemic stroke.Methods:This is a randomized, sham-controlled, patient-blinded trial. A total of 108 eligible patients with stage Ⅰ of SHS after ischemic stroke will be recruited from September 2018 to December 2020 and will be randomly allocated to three groups, A, B, or C, with a 1:1:1 ratio. Only body acupuncture will be applied in group A as a control group. Non-needle-insertion for sham auricular acupuncture will be combined with body acupuncture and applied to group B, whereas auricular acupuncture combined with body acupuncture will be applied in group C. Patients will be treated for 30 min per session, for 5 sessions per week for 3 weeks, and followed up for 6 weeks. The primary outcome will be the visual analog scale (VAS) for the shoulder and hand pain. The secondary outcomes will include the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of the Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) and Modified Brathel Index (MBI). Eligible patients would be evaluated before treatment, immediately after treatment, and followed up after 1 week, 2 weeks and 6 weeks to verify the duration of auricular acupuncture effect.Discussion:This trial will help to identify the effectiveness and duration of auricular acupuncture effect for stage Ⅰ of SHS after ischemic stroke. Trial registration:www.chictr.org.cn, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2000037946. Retrospectively registered on 4 March 2020.