scholarly journals New Mobility Model for Mobile and Geographic Cross-layer Architecture for Mobile IoT Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ridouane El Mezouary ◽  
Abdelmoghit Souissi
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Service Differentiation ◽  
Mobile Internet ◽  
Cross Layer ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Mac Layer ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Abstract In this article, we propose a new mobility model, for a mobile and geographic cross-layer architecture. This cross-layer architecture allows service differentiation between real-time and best-effort traffic, for a mobile internet of things ( IoT ) network. We present a mathematical model, which works on the parameters of the MAC layer and the network layer. The mathematical model makes it possible to calculate the throughput between a source object and a destination object (gateway), under conditions of stable queues. We use the positional (geographic) information in the mathematical model of the proposed cross-layer architecture, to study the impact of mobility on the performance of the proposed mathematical model. The proposed mobility model defines two time intervals, the first interval for communication (transmission and reception of data without mobility at the same time), and the second time interval for the mobility of objects of the IoT network (without communication at the same time). The results show that the calculated throughput depends on the position of the objects, as well as the probability of transmission. Finally, we study the effect of distance and speed on the performance of the proposed cross-layer architecture.

scholarly journals The Impact of Elongation on Change in Electrical Resistance of Electrically Conductive Yarns Woven into Fabric

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3390
Author(s):  
Željko Knezić ◽  
Željko Penava ◽  
Diana Šimić Penava ◽  
Dubravko Rogale
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Conductive Yarns ◽  
Yarn Count ◽  
As Relationship ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Electrically conductive yarns (ECYs) are gaining increasing applications in woven textile materials, especially in woven sensors suitable for incorporation into clothing. In this paper, the effect of the yarn count of ECYs woven into fabric on values of electrical resistance is analyzed. We also observe how the direction of action of elongation force, considering the position of the woven ECY, effects the change in the electrical resistance of the electrically conductive fabric. The measurements were performed on nine different samples of fabric in a plain weave, into which were woven ECYs with three different yarn counts and three different directions. Relationship curves between values of elongation forces and elongation to break, as well as relationship curves between values of electrical resistance of fabrics with ECYs and elongation, were experimentally obtained. An analytical mathematical model was also established, and analysis was conducted, which determined the models of function of connection between force and elongation, and between electrical resistance and elongation. The connection between the measurement results and the mathematical model was confirmed. The connection between the mathematical model and the experimental results enables the design of ECY properties in woven materials, especially textile force and elongation sensors.

The Impact Analysis of Revolute Pair Clearance to the End Pose Accuracy of Welding Robot

2015 ◽  
Vol 778 ◽  
pp. 259-263
Author(s):  
Fa Jun Zhang ◽  
Lin Zi Li ◽  
Hui Lin ◽  
Yin Lin Pu ◽  
Zhu Xin
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Joint Clearance ◽  
Welding Robot ◽  
Movement Characteristic ◽  
Movement Stability ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Welding Position

Various uncertain factors affect the movement of the welding robot, thus welding gun tend to deviate from the theory of welding position which reduces the welding accuracy, of which the revolute pair clearance have an greater effect on the movement of the welding robot. In order to study the influence of revolute pair clearance to the end pose accuracy of welding robot, the mathematical model of revolute pair clearance was established, and the software SolidWorks was used for establishing the welding robot model, making simulations of the mechanical arm with joint clearance and no joint clearance. At last, the movement characteristic of the hinge shaft is attained. The simulation results showed that the shaft velocity and displacement of mechanical arm with joint clearance has a certain degree of fluctuation, which affecting the end pose accuracy of welding robot , and reducing the movement stability and the welding accuracy of welding robot.

Abstract 13248: The Impact of Instructions for Covering the Mouth and the Nose on Dispatch-Assisted Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 144 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetada Fukushima ◽  
Hideki Asai ◽  
Koji Yamamoto ◽  
Yasuyuki Kawai
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Fire Department ◽  
Emergency Call ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Median Time Interval ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Under the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, rescuers are recommended to cover their mouth and nose with a facemask or a cloth as well as victim’s mouth and nose when performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). However, its impact on dispatch-assisted CPR (DACPR) has not been investigated well. Hypothesis: DACPR including the instruction for covering the rescuer’s and the victim’s mouth and nose can significantly delay the start of the first chest compression. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed DACPR records of the Nara Wide Area Fire Department, covering population of 853,000/3361km 2 , in Japan. We investigated the key time intervals of 505 DACPR records between May 2020 and March 2021. We also compared the results to that of the same period in 2019 (535 records). Results: Dispatchers failed to provide mask instruction in 322 cases (63.8%). The median time interval from the emergency call and the start of CPR instruction was longer in 2020 (197 seconds vs 190 seconds, p=0.641). The time to the first chest compression was also delayed in 2020 (264 seconds vs 246 seconds, p=0.015). Among the cases that dispatchers successfully provided mask instruction (183 cases, 36.2%), median time intervals to the start of instruction and the first chest compression were relatively faster than cases without mask instruction (177 seconds vs 211 seconds and 254 seconds vs 269.5 seconds, respectively). Conclusions: Dispatchers failed to provide mask instruction in the majority of CA cases. However, our study results indicate that the impact of mask instruction on DACPR can be minor in terms of immediate CPR provision.

Enhancement the Solar Still Performance Using Chimney Exhaust Gases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdy Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Kutta Method ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Runge Kutta Method ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Abstract In this paper, a theoretical study is presented on enhancement of the solar still performance by using the exhaust gases passing inside a chimney under the still basin. The impact of the exhaust gases temperature on the solar still temperature, productivity, and efficiency are considered. The performance of solar still with chimney is compared with that of conventional solar still. The study is carried out under the hot and climate conditions of Upper Egypt. A complete transient mathematical model of the physical model including the solar still regions temperatures, productivity, and heat transfer between the solar still and the exhaust gases are constructed. The mathematical model is solved numerically by using fourth-order Runge-Kutta method and is programmed by using MATLAB. The mathematical model is validated using an experimental work. The results show that the solar still saline water temperature increases and productivity with using and rising the exhaust gases. Furthermore, the impact of using exhaust gases on the still performance in winter is greater than in summer. using chimney exhaust gases at 75 °C and 125 °C enhances the daily freshwater yield of the conventional still by more than three times and about six times in winter, respectively, and about two and half times and more than three times in summer, respectively.

scholarly journals NECESSITY TO IMPROVE THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF FREIGHT CARS TO STUDY CASES OF ITS DERAILMENTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 442-451
Author(s):  
А.V. Batig ◽  
A. Ya. Kuzyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Computer Experiment ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Freight Car ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Mathematical Model

One of the most important problems that pose a serious threat to the functioning of railways is the problem of freight cars derailment. However, according to statistics, the number of cases of the derailments of freight cars in trains annually grows. Тo prevent such cases, the necessary preventive measures are developed, and to study the causes of their occurrence, a significant number of mathematical models, programs and software systems created by leading domestic and foreign scientists. Studies of such mathematical models by the authors of this work have led to the conclusion that they are not sufficiently detailed to the extent that it is necessary for analyze the reasons of its derailment. At the same time, an analysis of the causes of the rolling stock derailments on the railways of Ukraine over the past five years showed that in about 20 % of cases they are obvious, and in 7 % of cases they are not obvious and implicitly expressed. The study of such cases of rolling stock derailment during an official investigation by the railway and during forensic railway transport expertises requires the use of an improved mathematical model of a freight car, which would allow a quantitative assessment of the impact of its parameters and rail track on the conditions of railway accidents. Therefore, taking into account the main reasons that caused the occurrence of such railroad accidents over the last five years on the railways of Ukraine, the article selected the main directions for improving the mathematical model of a freight car, allowing to cover all the many factors (explicit and hidden) and identify the most significant ones regarding the circumstances of the derailment rolling stock off the track, established on the basis of a computer experiment. It is proposed in the mathematical model of a freight car to take into account the guiding force, the value of which is one of the main indicators of the stability of the rolling stock. The authors of the article noted that not taking into account the influence of the guiding forces on the dynamics of the freight car can lead to an erroneous determination of the reasons for the rolling stock derailment or even to the impossibility of establishing them.

scholarly journals Clinical Outcome of Spine Surgery Complicated by Accidental Dural Tears: Meta-Analysis of the Literature

2020 ◽  
pp. 219256822091487
Author(s):  
Zeiad A. F. Alshameeri ◽  
El-Nasri Ahmed ◽  
Vinay Jasani
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Spinal Surgery ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Dural Tears ◽  
The Impact

Study Design: Systemic review and meta-analysis. Objectives: Several studies have reported the impact of accidental dural tears (DT) on the outcome of spinal surgery, some with conflicting results. Therefore, the aim of this study was to carry out a systemic review and meta-analysis of the literature to establish the overall clinical outcome of spinal surgery following accidental DT. Method: A systemic literature search was carried out. Postoperative improvement in Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Short-Form 36 survey (SF36), leg pain visual analogue scale (VAS), and back pain VAS were compared between patients with and without DT at different time intervals. Results: Eleven studies were included in this meta-analysis. There was a slightly better improvement in ODI and leg VAS score (standardized mean difference of −0.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.12 to −0.01, and −0.06, 95% CI −0.09 to −0.02, respectively) in patients without DT at 12 months postsurgery, but this effect was not demonstrated at any other time intervals up to 4 years. There were no differences in the overall SF36 (function) score at any time interval or back pain VAS at 12 months. Conclusion: Based on this study, accidental DT did not have an overall significant adverse impact on the short-term clinical outcome of spinal surgery. More studies are needed to address the long-term impact and other outcome measures including other immediate complications of DT.

scholarly journals Design and development of a novel acoustic rain sensor with automated telemetry

2018 ◽  
Vol 201 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Maria Leonora Guico ◽  
Gemalyn Abrajano ◽  
Prince Aldrin Domer ◽  
Jose Paulo Talusan
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Mobile Internet ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Recorded Sound ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Initial Results

This paper presents the recent results of the design of a novel acoustic rainfall sensing system that is low-cost, portable, and easily deployable, which makes use of the recorded sound produced by the impact of the raindrops on the sensor surface. The sensor design allows the gathering of acoustic signal power and sending it to a server after a specified time interval, either through SMS or mobile internet connection. It exists in a weather-proof, standard-conformant, standalone system with its own power supply and telemetric capabilities. These acoustic point sensors can gather rainfall data at high spatial and temporal resolutions. Such deployments can show the variations of rainfall intensities in sub-kilometer areas, particularly in the tropical regions. Since it is low-cost, it can also improve the density of rainfall measuring devices in an area. Moreover, the reliability is improved by providing near-real time data, as opposed to tipping buckets with manual data retrieval. The prototype sensor system was placed next to standard rain measuring devices and observed during the rainy season. The paper will discuss the design and deployment of the system, as well as initial results of data analysis and comparison with standard rain measuring devices.

DIVERSITY AND KNOWLEDGE SHARING IN CONSTRUCTION: A MATHEMATICAL MODEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daoud Kiomjian ◽  
F. Jordan Srour ◽  
Issam Srour
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Language And Education ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Demographic Attributes ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Conventional wisdom in the management literature holds that diversity is positively correlated with performance. Yet, the findings from the construction field indicate that this is not always the case. In an effort to study the interaction between diversity and performance in the construction industry, this paper presents the elements of a theoretical mathematical model to explore the relationship between diversity and knowledge sharing which is a precursor of performance. This model includes five dimensions of diversity: ethnicity, age, experience, language and education. At the heart of the mathematical model is a fuzzy based system that generates the probability of knowledge sharing among members with different demographic attributes. The presented fuzzy system will, in future work, become the foundation of an agent based model used to study the impact of worker interactions on productivity.

Competing Swarms of Autonomous Vehicles: Intruders Versus Guardians

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daigo Shishika ◽  
Katarina Sherman ◽  
Derek A. Paley
Keyword(s):  
Protected Area ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Payoff Function ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Zero Sum ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Probability Of Capture

We consider a competition between two swarms of aerial vehicles, where multiple intruder vehicles try to approach and then leave an area that multiple guardian vehicles are protecting. Pre-existing swarming strategies for the guardians to maximize the probability of capturing a single intruder are summarized. This work considers the case where multiple intruders approach the protected area sequentially with varied time intervals, to study the impact of intrusion frequency on the probability of capture. In addition, we formulate a payoff function treating the competition as a zero-sum game, and use this function to design strategies for the intruders, i.e., how to optimize the time interval between intrusions. We propose an intrusion strategy and demonstrate its performance with numerical simulations.

Numerical Analysis of Heat and Mass Transfer Performance of the Packed-Type Parallel Flow Dehumidifier

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 3100-3104
Author(s):  
Rui Hang Zhang ◽  
Zi Ye Wang ◽  
Run Ping Niu
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Parallel Flow ◽  
Transfer Performance ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Mathematical Model

TA mathematical model describing heat and mass transfer performance of packed-type parallel flow dehumidifier was set up. The numerical solution of differential equations was derived. Taking the heat and mass transfer coefficients obtained by experiments as the input parameters of the model, the impact of solution inlet parameters on outlet parameter of air was described. The simulation results indicated that the mathematical model could be used to predict the performance of liquid dehumidification. The results showed that the mathematical model can be of great value in the design and improvement of dehumidifier.

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