An Optimized and Hybrid Energy Aware Routing Model for Effective Detection Of Flooding Attacks in a Manet Environment

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.21203/rs.3.rs-586844/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mallikarjuna Nandi ◽

Anusha Kannan

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Ad Hoc Networks ◽

Energy Efficient ◽

Communication Systems ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Classification Model ◽

Delivery Ratio ◽

Inference System ◽

Flooding Attacks ◽

Hoc Networks

Abstract Ad Hoc networks for communication have completely replaced the existing communication technologies which are dependant on infrastructure. An attractive and widely utilized field in communication systems is Mobile Ad Hoc Networks or the MANETs which are a derivative of the conventional Ad Hoc Networks. Security of information communicated through MANETs as well as the robust nature of the network is a prime issue of concern and research in recent times. Amongst various attacks prevalent on MANET environment, packet flooding is a common attack and causes a devastating effect on MANET nodes which if left undetected may lead to consequent crashing of the entire network. Floodding attacks also tend to consume enormous energy well above the prescribed energy consumption limits per node resulting in lifetime reduction. Hence, detection of these malicious nodes and their differentiation from trustworthy nodes is taken as the research objective in this paper. This paper presents feature extraction anda classification model based on ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System). By using ANFIS classifier, the extracted featureis trained and then classified.Further to counter the flooding cum energy preserving routing, this paper proposes a SMA integration with AODVprotocol called SMA2AODV to detect flooding attacks for MANETs. After detecting, the hybrid model ACO combined with FDR PSO for optimizing energy. ACO-FDR PSO identifies the energy-efficient routeand minimizes energy consumption in the network, toincrease node lifetime that ensures energy-efficient routing. The performance metrics like throughput, packet delivery ratio, attack detection ratio, and energy consumption areanalyzedby using the NS-2 simulator with existing benchmark methods.

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An Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks

International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering ◽

10.30534/ijatcse/2021/011012021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Ad Hoc Networks ◽

Mobile Ad Hoc Networks ◽

Routing Protocol ◽

Routing Protocols ◽

Energy Efficient ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Smart Cities ◽

Mobile Ad Hoc ◽

Hoc Networks

In recent time, with the fast development of the mobile system, Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) have been fucus studied and applied in many areas such as rescue, military, medical applications and smart cities. Due to the characteristics of MANETs, routing protocols must be designed to be flexible, energy-efficient and highly performance achievable. Increasing network lifetime by reducing energy consumption level is a major method in the design of saving energy routing protocols in MANETs. In this study, we propose an improved routing protocol from AODV with a new cost function, applied to MANETs. The simulation results show, our proposed protocol saves energy consumption, increases network life, packet delivery rates, and improves performance over AODV

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MCDM Approach to Improve the Quality of Broadcasting Technique in Wireless Ad-hoc Networks

10.21203/rs.3.rs-357531/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

NAEEM AHMAD ◽

Shuchi Sethi ◽

Md Gulzarul Hasan ◽

Rejaul Karim Barbhuiya

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Ad Hoc Networks ◽

Wireless Ad Hoc Networks ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Research Work ◽

Delivery Ratio ◽

Analytic Hierarchy ◽

Scale Down ◽

Hoc Networks ◽

Route Query

Abstract Contemporary research work in the field of Wireless Ad-hoc Networks (WANETs) are focused on most important issue of performance, minimize the congestion in the network. A number of research proposals have come up with innovative query transmission approaches in order to scale down congestion, route latency and energy consumption to the feasible extent. It has been shown experimentally that these approaches have mainly focused on checking propagation of route query using query broadcast repealing technique which unfortunately paves way to additional routing overhead. This leads to increased energy-consumption which offsets the benefits. This paper introduces a self-aware query-broadcast approach which is dynamic in nature and obtains desirable path in discovery phase without counterbalancing the advantages reaped from confining the request zones. The proposed approach relies on Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), which utilizes the routing metrics in estimating the weighing factors for combined weight metrics. For evaluation of the proposed technique, critical and analytical assessment is done in terms of query-diffusion, packet-delivery ratio and route-latency. The results reveal the proposed approach is ideal, optimal and highly practical for application in WANETs.

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Modeling and optimization of Quality of Service routing in Mobile Ad hoc Networks

Open Physics ◽

10.1515/phys-2016-0058 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 498-507 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marjan Kuchaki Rafsanjani ◽

Hamideh Fatemidokht ◽

Valentina Emilia Balas

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Ad Hoc Networks ◽

Mobile Ad Hoc Networks ◽

Random Graphs ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Delivery Ratio ◽

Packet Delivery ◽

Mobile Ad Hoc ◽

Hoc Networks

AbstractMobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are a group of mobile nodes that are connected without using a fixed infrastructure. In these networks, nodes communicate with each other by forming a single-hop or multi-hop network. To design effective mobile ad hoc networks, it is important to evaluate the performance of multi-hop paths. In this paper, we present a mathematical model for a routing protocol under energy consumption and packet delivery ratio of multi-hop paths. In this model, we use geometric random graphs rather than random graphs. Our proposed model finds effective paths that minimize the energy consumption and maximizes the packet delivery ratio of the network. Validation of the mathematical model is performed through simulation.

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Ad Hoc Network as a Solution in Disaster Management

10.21203/rs.3.rs-496263/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vishal Dattana ◽

Ashwani Kush ◽

Raza Hasan ◽

Salman Mahmood ◽

Vikas Rao Naidu

Keyword(s):

Ad Hoc Networks ◽

Natural Disaster ◽

Communication Systems ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Delivery Ratio ◽

Multihop Ad Hoc Networks ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Communication Links ◽

Hoc Networks ◽

Network Status

Abstract Whenever some natural disaster occurs, the immediate and most dreadful impact is a communication failure. It can easily be understood that communication systems can make a significant difference between survivals for life and death for those affected areas. Due to the potential for existing telecommunication infrastructure to be damaged, disasters are one of the most difficult implementations of multihop ad hoc networks Following a natural disaster, the deployed cellular network system could be partially or entirely lost. Multihop ad hoc contact is an intriguing option for dealing with a lack of communication in crisis situations. In many situations, ad hoc networks have been used for recovery or communication links. The main reason behind the concept is that they are infrastructure less and can adopt any topology. Though in the research arena disaster situations are one of the challenging areas. The situation can be disastrous in many ways, in this paper underwater situation like flood etc. have been considered as a case study. It has been observed that a significant gain in the signal strength ranges from 50–70% have been achieved which is quite respectable in disaster situations. The performance has been evaluated in terms of energy and signals gained. The research has been carried out and promising results were evident from the simulation. The new scheme performs better in certain cases and minor delay can be acceptable in the disastrous situations. We present criteria for ad hoc networks used in disaster for emergency response, with a focus on delay, packet delivery ratio, size, speed, and providing network status awareness through the network's nodes.

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Cross-Layer Path Configuration for Energy-Efficient Communication over Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

Advances in Multimedia ◽

10.1155/2007/19860 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 2007 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Hong-Chuan Yang ◽

Kui Wu ◽

Wu-Sheng Lu

Keyword(s):

Ad Hoc Networks ◽

Wireless Ad Hoc Networks ◽

Energy Efficient ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Optimization Problems ◽

Cross Layer ◽

Delivery Ratio ◽

Packet Delivery ◽

Battery Capacity ◽

Hoc Networks

We study the energy-efficient configuration of multihop paths with automatic repeat request (ARQ) mechanism in wireless ad hoc networks. We adopt a cross-layer design approach and take both the quality of each radio hop and the battery capacity of each transmitting node into consideration. Under certain constraints on the maximum tolerable transmission delay and the required packet delivery ratio, we solve optimization problems to jointly schedule the transmitting power of each transmitting node and the retransmission limit over each hop. Numerical results demonstrate that the path configuration methods can either significantly reduce the average energy consumption per packet delivery or considerably extend the average lifetime of the multihop route.

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FL-ASB: A Fuzzy Logic Based Adaptive-period Single-hop Broadcast Protocol

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks ◽

10.1177/1550147718778482 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 155014771877848

Author(s):

Bin Pan ◽

Hao Wu ◽

Jin Wang

Keyword(s):

Fuzzy Logic ◽

Ad Hoc Networks ◽

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Delivery Ratio ◽

Inference System ◽

Network Load ◽

Hoc Networks ◽

The Impact ◽

Broadcast Protocol

In vehicular ad hoc networks, vehicle-to-vehicle–based broadcast can fast disseminate safety messages between vehicles within the whole network and hence expand drivers perception vision, which will reduce the accident probability and ensure the transportation reliability. As for fixed-period single-hop broadcast protocol, disseminating safety messages frequently can cause excessive network load. However, increasing period purely does not guarantee the real-time performance. In addition, exiting adaptive-period single-hop broadcast protocols also have limitations without considering synthetically various impact factors. Thus, how to design a single-hop broadcast protocol that can dynamically adjust the broadcast period according to the actual road condition is a pressing issue. A Fuzzy Logic Based Adaptive-period Single-hop Broadcast Protocol in vehicular ad hoc networks is designed in this article, which provides a new solution for the dissemination of period safety messages. In this article, the impact of various factors (such as the number of one-hop neighbor nodes, vehicle speed, received signal strength index, and visibility) on the single-hop broadcast period has been analyzed. In view of each impact factor, we design corresponding membership function and fuzzy rules according to the specific scenarios and parameters. It realizes the adaptive changes of period safety messages broadcast period through the simulation of the proposed fuzzy logic inference system. Finally, we verify the performance of the Fuzzy Logic Based Adaptive-period Single-hop Broadcast Protocol in a bidirectional four-lane highway scenario. Simulation results show that the proposed Fuzzy Logic Based Adaptive-period Single-hop Broadcast Protocol has obvious advantages in terms of network load ratio, average one-hop delay, and delivery ratio.

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A Power Efficient Trust Based SecureRouting Scheme for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks

Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science ◽

10.11591/ijeecs.v2.i2.pp417-425 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 417

Author(s):

M V Rathnamma ◽

P. Chenna Reddy

Keyword(s):

Ad Hoc Networks ◽

Mobile Ad Hoc Networks ◽

Energy Efficient ◽

Power Efficiency ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Trust Model ◽

Delivery Ratio ◽

Efficient Route ◽

Mobile Ad Hoc ◽

Hoc Networks

MANETs are self-organizing, infrastructure less ad-hoc networks with many challenges like low power, limited storage and limited processing devices. Among all the parameters that affect the network efficiency accuracy, scalability, and power consumption are main challenges in the routing of Mobile ad-hoc networks. The network lifetime is dependent on the power efficiency of the nodes in the network. The protocols have to provide the energy efficient route through intermediate nodes in the network. The trust based routing approach is one of the best mechanisms to establish an energy efficient route between source and destination. In this paper we first propose the family relationship based trust model and then propose a new energy efficient trust based routing protocol to reduce the routing overhead, delay and provides better packet delivery ratio that performs better than the existing routing protocols.

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Energy Efficient Clustering Technique for VANET

10.3233/apc210129 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Iswarya B ◽

Radha B

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Ad Hoc Networks ◽

Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽

Energy Efficient ◽

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Optimization Technique ◽

Clustering Technique ◽

Hoc Networks ◽

Energy Efficient Clustering

Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET) are listed as an extension of mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) which can improve road safety and provide the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). In addition to its advantages, VANET faces many obstacles ranging from high-energy consumption to instability induced by high changes in topology. The main goal of designing an optimum route algorithm is to decrease the probability of contact failure and reduce the energy consumption of nodes within the network. Clustering is thus a method to combine nodes and make the network more robust. With no node consciousness, it is often shorter on resources, which causes network execution problems and changes in topology. At that point, a primary energy issue emerges in the AODV routing protocol that aims to improve the energy efficiency of the V2V communication in nodes lifetime and to connection lifetime problems in the network. This article proposed a clustering-based optimization technique called Energy Efficient Clustering Technique (EECT) with the AODV protocol’s K-Medoids clustering algorithm in order to cluster vehicle nodes and find nodes that are convincing to interact in a defined secured and reliable path, which detailed in previous works. Efficient nodes are recognized from each cluster with the goal of energy-efficient communication, to optimize the parameter as minimum energy consumption in VANET.

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