scholarly journals Distinction Between Vaginal and Cervical Microbiota in High-risk Human Papilloma Virus Infected Women in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhan Zhang ◽  
Ting Li ◽  
Dai Zhang ◽  
Xiaonan Zong ◽  
Huihui Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Technology ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Abstract Background: High-risk human papilloma virus (hrHPV) is regarded as the main causal factor of cervical precancer and cancer when persistent infection is left untreated. Previous studies have declared that HPV is associated with microecological environment of lower genital tract but haven’t discriminate vaginal microbiota from that of cervix. Objective: To analyze the distinction between vaginal and cervical microbiota in high-risk HPV(+) Chinese women. Methods: One hundred participants were recruited including 20 healthy women with HPV (-), 32 with other hrHPV (+), 38 subjects with HPV16/18 (+) and 10 with cervical carcinoma, demographics of whom were collected and analyzed. Vaginal and cervical microbiota were separately tested through next-generation sequencing technology (NGS) targeting the variable region (V3-V4) of bacterial ribosome 16S rRNA gene. Results: 1. Analysis of demographics demonstrated that hrHPV infected women tend to be accustomed to vaginal douching (p =0.001), show more frequent usage of sanitary pads (p =0.007), have more sex partners (p =0.047), be more sexually active (p =0.025), have more diverse ways of contraception (p =0.001) and history of vaginitis (p =0.002). 2. NGS identified microbial diversity of cervical microbiota was much higher than that of vagina with significantly increased Proteobacteria and decreased Lactobacillus. Variation of cervical microbiota of hrHPV(+) subjects partly similar to vaginal microbiota but had its unique features. Sphingomonas of α-Proteobacteria, almost invisible in the vagina, was more frequent at normal cervix whereas decreased remarkably at hrHPV(+) cervix. Reversely, γ-Proteobacteria showed a significant positive correlation with HPV16/18 and cervical cancer. BV related anaerobes like Gardnerella, Prevotella, Atopobium and Sneathia showed similar changes in both vaginal and cervical microbiota of hrHPV(+) women and did not exhibit cervical specificity. Conclusions: Cervical microbiota has its uniqueness from that of vagina in bacterial communities presenting a higher proportion of Proteobacteria, of which Sphingomonas is potentially predictive of a health guardian of hrHPV while Pseudomonas the opposite.

scholarly journals Distinction between vaginal and cervical microbiota in high-risk human papilloma virus infected women in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhan Zhang ◽  
Ting Li ◽  
Dai Zhang ◽  
Xiaonan Zong ◽  
Huihui Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Technology

Abstract Background: High-risk human papilloma virus (hrHPV) is regarded as the main causal factor of cervical precancer and cancer when persistent infection is left untreated. Previous researches have confirmed that the vaginal microbiota was associated with HPV infection and the development of cervical lesions. A very recent study has revealed the microbiota at different parts of the female genital tract was closely related but different from each other. To analyze the distinction between vaginal and cervical microbiota of hrHPV(+) women in China, one hundred subjects were recruited including 20 healthy controls without HPV infection, 32 with other hrHPV(+), 38 with HPV16/18(+) and 10 with cervical carcinoma. Vaginal and cervical microbiota were separately tested through next-generation sequencing technology (NGS) targeting the variable region (V3-V4) of bacterial ribosome 16S rRNA gene. Results: HrHPV(+) subjects tend to be accustomed to vaginal douching (p =0.001), show more frequent usage of sanitary pads (p =0.007), have more sex partners (p =0.047), be more sexually active (p =0.025) and more diversed in ways of contraception (p =0.001). Alpha diversity of cervical microbiota was higher than that of vagina. Cervical microbiota consisted a lower percentage of Firmicutes and a higher percentage of Proteobacteria compared to the vagina at the phylm level. Sphingomonas of α-Proteobacteria was almost below detection limit in the vagina whereas accounted for five to ten percent at hrHPV(-) cervix (P＜0.001) and reversely associated with hrHPV infection (P＜0.05). Pseudomonas of γ-Proteobacteria could hardly be seen in the normal vagina and shared a little bit percentage in the normal cervix, but significantly higher in the HPV16/18 infected (P＜0.001) and cancerous cervix (P＜0.05). BV associated anaerobes like Gardnerella, Prevotella, Atopobium and Sneathia did not exhibit cervical specificity.Conclusions: Cervical microbiota has its uniqueness from that of vagina in bacterial communities presenting a higher proportion of Proteobacteria, of which Pseudomonas is positively while Sphingomonas was negatively associated with hrHPV infection and cervical cancer. It is of great improtance to deeply explore the cervical microbiota of hrHPV infected women.

scholarly journals Human Papilloma Virus Types 16/18 Distribution in Invasive Cervical Cancer: An Evidence for Vaccination in Bihar, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Rahul Kumar ◽  
Vinita Trivedi ◽  
Richa Chauhan ◽  
Akhtar Parwez ◽  
Biplab Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Cancer Tissues ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Hpv 18

There is high incidence of cervical cancer in Bihar, India. Vaccination for cervical cancer in developed countries has played a crucial role in limiting the incidence rate of cervical cancer worldwide. In consideration of debate on clinical efficacy of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccine in India, study on the prevalence of high risk HPV 16/18 strains in different regions of the nation becomes very crucial. Few individual states have started vaccination but centralised vaccination program does not exist due to lack of sufficient genotypic study of Human Papilloma Virus in different parts of India. Bihar is the third most populous state of India and HPV 16/18 distribution has not been reported yet. The nationwide data of HPV 16/18will help to develop a unified centralised vaccination program. We carried out a distribution study of high risk HPV type 16 and 18 in cervical cancer patients attending a tertiary care hospital of Bihar, India.HPV 16/18 types were analysed in cervical cancer tissues (n = 96) of patients attending the regional cancer hospital of Bihar. Tissue samples were analysed for HPV 16 and HPV 18 using a Real Time PCR technique. The results suggest very high prevalence of HPV 16/18. HPV was identified in all the samples (96/96). About, 74 (77.08%) samples presented with HPV 16 whereas, 16 (16.67%) of the samples presented with HPV 18. 6 Co-infection was presented in 6 (6.25%) of the samples of cervical cancer tissues. HPV 16/18 prevalence is more in the women aged between 41 to 61 years.We report 100% prevalence of HPV16/18 in the cervical cancer tissue samples. A way to minimise this gynaecological concern would be to introduce prophylactic vaccines and early screening in the state of Bihar. The data generated would be crucial in drafting for community screening of HPV. We strongly emphasize the prophylactic HPV Vaccination against HPV 16 to control the alarming rate of cervical cancer in one of the most populous state of India, Bihar.

scholarly journals Dysbiosis of vaginal microbiota associated with persistent high-risk human papilloma virus infection

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Mei ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Yueyue Chen ◽  
Dongmei Wei ◽  
Yueting Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus Infection ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Differential Analysis ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Potential Factors

Abstract Background The status of vaginal microbiota in persistent high-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) infection is unclear. The present work aimed to identify the vaginal microbiota of persistent HPV infection and explore the possible underlying microbiota factors. Methods A total of 100 women were recruited in this study, of which 28 presented HR-HPV persistent infection (P group), 30 showed clearance of any subtype of HR-HPV (C group), and 42 had no history of any HR-HPV infection (NC group). The vaginal microbiota and the community structure of the three groups were compared based on the 16S rRNA sequencing of the V3–V4 region. The microbiota diversity and differential analysis were carried out to detect the potential factors associated with HR-HPV infection. Results P and C groups showed an increase of Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota but a decrease in Proteobacteria compared to the NC group. The Chao1 index indicated that the microbial richness of the NC group was greater than C group (P < 0.05).The principal co-ordinate analysis(PCoA) revealed differences between the NC and P/C groups.The linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) method indicated that Proteobacteria phylum was significantly different in the mean relative abundance in the NC group,but the P and C groups did not show such indicative taxa. The Wilcox rank-sum test indicated that the Bifidobacterium (P = 0.002) and Lactobacillus (P = 0.005) of the C group were in a high mean relative abundance compared to the NC group. Conclusions The persistent HR-HPV infection is associated with dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiota. Microbiome regulation with Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus may affect the clearance of HPV.

scholarly journals Results of the first human papilloma virus center in Hungary (2007–2011)

2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (45) ◽  
pp. 1804-1807
Author(s):  
Ádám Galamb ◽  
Attila Pajor ◽  
Zoltán Langmár ◽  
Gábor Sobel
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Cytological Atypia ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
International Data ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the 21st century. It has been established that infections with specific HPV types are contributing factors to cervical cancer. Approximately 99.7% of cervical cancers are associated with high risk HPV types. HPV testing plays an important role in the prevention, by decreasing the prevalence and the mortality of cervical cancer. There are 16 HPV-centers operating in Hungary, in which patients undergo HPV screening, cervical exams, and treatment based on standardized guidelines. Patients and methods: The first HPV-center was founded in 2007 in Budapest, at the 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University. This study aimed to define the presence and prevalence of HPV-DNA in the cervical swab samples obtained from patients in our center. Authors conducted to assess the age-specific-prevalence, and HPV type distribution, the associated cervical abnormalities, comparing our results with international data. Results: Overall 1155 woman underwent HPV-testing and genotyping, using polymerase chain reaction. Overall, 55.5% of patients had positive test for HPV DNA types, in which 38.5% for high-risk HPV DNA. Overall prevalence was the highest among females aged 15 to 25years (62.9%). The most common HPV type found was the high risk type 16 (19.5% among the patients with positive HPV testing). Presence of high risk HPV with concurrent cervical cytological abnormality was in 32%. More than two-thirds of woman with cytological atypia (70.6%) were infected with two or more high risk HPV types. HPV 16 was detected in 32% of patients with cytological abnormalities. Conclusions: The results suggest that the prevalence of HPV in this study population exceeds the international data. The results attracts the attention the peak prevalence of the high risk types in the youngest age-group, and the higher risk of cervical abnormality in case of presence of two or more HPV types. The dominance of type 16 and 18 was predictable, but the strong attendance of type 51 and 31 among patients who had cytological atypia, was slightly surprising. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 1804–1807.

scholarly journals Prevalent high-risk HPV infection and vaginal microbiota in Nigerian women

2015 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. O. DARENG ◽  
B. MA ◽  
A. O. FAMOOTO ◽  
S. N. AKAROLO-ANTHONY ◽  
R. A. OFFIONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Nigerian Women ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Roche Linear Array ◽  
High Risk Hpv

SUMMARYIn this study, we evaluated the association between high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) and the vaginal microbiome. Participants were recruited in Nigeria between April and August 2012. Vaginal bacterial composition was characterized by deep sequencing of barcoded 16S rRNA gene fragments (V4) on Illumina MiSeq and HPV was identified using the Roche Linear Array®HPV genotyping test. We used exact logistic regression models to evaluate the association between community state types (CSTs) of vaginal microbiota and hrHPV infection, weighted UniFrac distances to compare the vaginal microbiota of individuals with prevalent hrHPV to those without prevalent hrHPV infection, and the Linear Discriminant Analysis effect size (LEfSe) algorithm to characterize bacteria associated with prevalent hrHPV infection. We observed four CSTs: CST IV-B with a low relative abundance ofLactobacillusspp. in 50% of participants; CST III (dominated byL. iners) in 39·2%; CST I (dominated byL. crispatus) in 7·9%; and CST VI (dominated by proteobacteria) in 2·9% of participants. LEfSe analysis suggested an association between prevalent hrHPV infection and a decreased abundance ofLactobacillussp. with increased abundance of anaerobes particularly of the generaPrevotellaandLeptotrichiain HIV-negative women (P< 0·05). These results are hypothesis generating and further studies are required.

scholarly journals Detection and Typing of Human Papilloma Virus by Multiplex PCR with Type-Specific Primers

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Romero-Pastrana
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Agarose Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Hpv Typing ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
High Risk Hpv

The primary underlying cause of cervical cancer is infection with one or more high-risk (HR) types of the human papilloma virus (HPV). Detection and typing of HPV have been commonly carried out by PCR-based assays, where HPV detection and typing are two separate procedures. Here, we present a multiplex PCR-based HPV typing assay that detects 20 HPV types (15 HR, 3 probably HR and 2 low risk) using type-specific primers and agarose gel electrophoresis. 46 cervical, urethral, and biopsy samples were analyzed by both Multiplex PCR and PGMY09/11 consensus PCR, and results were compared. 611 samples were further analyzed by Multiplex PCR, 282 were positive for HR HPV, and 101 showed multiple HR HPV infections. The relatively ease and economic accessibility of the method and its improved ability to detect high-risk HPV types in multiple HPV-infected samples make it an attractive option for HPV testing.

scholarly journals Distinction between vaginal and cervical microbiota in high-risk human papilloma virus-infected women in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhan Zhang ◽  
Ting Li ◽  
Dai Zhang ◽  
Xiaonan Zong ◽  
Huihui Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Cervical Carcinoma ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background High-risk human papilloma virus (hrHPV) is the main causal factor of cervical precancer and cancer when persistent infection is left untreated. Previous studies have confirmed the vaginal microbiota is associated with HPV infection and the development of cervical lesions. The microbiota at different parts of the female genital tract is closely related but different from each other. To analyze the distinction between the vaginal and cervical microbiota of hrHPV(+) women in China, one hundred subjects were recruited, including 10 patients with HPV16/18(+) and cervical carcinoma, 38 patients with HPV16/18(+) but no cervical carcinoma, 32 patients with other hrHPV(+) and 20 healthy controls with HPV(−). Vaginal and cervical microbiota were separately tested through next-generation sequencing (NGS) targeting the variable region (V3-V4) of the bacterial ribosome 16S rRNA gene. Results HrHPV(+) subjects had higher percentages of vaginal douching history (P = 0.001), showed more frequent usage of sanitary pads (P = 0.007), had more sex partners (P = 0.047), were more sexually active (P = 0.025) and more diversed in ways of contraception (P = 0.001). The alpha diversity of the cervical microbiota was higher than that of the vagina. The cervical microbiota consisted of a lower percentage of Firmicutes and a higher percentage of Proteobacteria than the vagina at the phylum level. Sphingomonas, belonging to α-Proteobacteria, was almost below the detection limit in the vagina but accounted for five to 10 % of the bacteria in the hrHPV(−) cervix (P<0.001) and was inversely associated with hrHPV infection (P<0.05). Pseudomonas, belonging to γ-Proteobacteria, could hardly be seen in the normal vagina and shared a small percentage in the normal cervix but was significantly higher in the HPV16/18(+) (P<0.001) and cancerous cervix (P<0.05). No significant difference was shown in the percentage of BV associated anaerobes, like Gardnerella, Prevotella, Atopobium and Sneathia, between the cevix and vigina. Conclusions The proportion of Proteobacteria was significantly higher in the cervical microbiota than that of vagina. The hrHPV infection and cervical cancer was positively associated with Pseudomonas and negatively associated with Sphingomonas. It is of great improtance to deeply explore the cervical microbiota and its function in cervical cacinogenesis.

scholarly journals Μηχανισμοί απορρύθμισης των μορίων p16/cyclinD1/p53/MDM2 στο κολποτραχηλικό επιθήλιο κατά την HPV προσβολή του

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Γεώργιος Μεταξάς
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Cyclin D1 ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Η πλειονότητα των προσβολών του κολποτραχηλικού επιθηλίου από τον ιο του ανθρώπινου θηλώματος (Human Papilloma Virus-HPV) χαρακτηρίζονται ασυμπτωματικές με τάση υποστροφής, ενώ η δημιουργία εμφανών κυτταρομορφολογικών αλλοιώσεων (κοιλοκύτταρα) στο τεστ ΠΑΠ εκτείνεται σε ένα διάστημα από 3 εβδομάδες εώς 9 μήνες μετά την ενσφήνωση του ιού στο κολποτραχηλικό επιθήλιο. Η ενσωμάτωση –σε αντίθεση με την απλή επισωματική προσβολή- των υψηλής επικινδυνότητας υπότυπων του ιού HPV στο DNA των κυττάρων του ξενιστή τροποποιεί τα επιθηλιακά κύτταρα με την απενεργοποίηση των ογκοκατασταλτικών πρωτεϊνών p53 και Rb (5,9,22). Κατά την HPV προσβολή του τραχηλικού συστήματος, η υπερέκφραση της πρωτείνης p16 πραγματοποιείται μέσω της ενεργοποίησης του Ε7 γονιδίου που οδηγεί σε αποσυγχρονισμό του Rb και του Ε2F μεταγραφικού παράγοντα. (11) Ο αποσυγχρονισμός του κυτταρικού κύκλου κατά την εμμένουσα High Risk HPV προσβολή του κολποτραχηλικού επιθηλίου εμπλέκει εκτός των προαναφερθέντων και τα μόρια cyclinD1 και MDM2, καθώς παρατηρείται διαταραχή στην έκφραση τους στα εν λόγω επιθήλια και αποτελεί νέο πεδίο έρευνας ειδικά για τα δίπολα p16/cyclinD1 και p53/MDM2. (23,26,56,58,59,82,85,103) Το εν λόγω ερευνητικό πρωτόκολλο σχεδιάστηκε με γνώμονα τη διερεύνηση του ρόλου της απορρύθμισης των πρωτεινών p16/cyclinD1/p53/MDM2 στο κολποτραχηλικό επιθήλιο κατά την προσβολή του από τον ιο των ανθρωπίνων θηλωμάτων (HPV) με βάση τα επίπεδα της έκφρασής τους σε παθολογικά κολποτραχηλικά επιχρίσματα. Όλοι οι εξεταζόμενοι πρωτεινικοί δείκτες εμφάνισαν διαφορετική έκφραση επί των εξεταζόμενων ανοσοχρωσμένων πλακιδίων (υπερέκφραση ως υψηλή και μέτρια ένταση χρώσης καθώς και χαμηλή). Υπερέκφραση της p53 παρατηρήθηκε σε 13/80 (16.25%), της MDM2 σε 27/80 (33.75%) της cyclin D1 σε 8/80 (10%) και της p16INK4 σε 9/80 (11.25%).

scholarly journals Human Papilloma Virus infection and cervical cancer among women who sell sex in Eastern and Southern Africa: A scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 174550652110583
Author(s):  
Catriona Ida Macleod ◽  
John Hunter Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
History Of ◽  
Screening Services ◽  
Eastern And Southern Africa

Objectives: Women who sell sex have a high prevalence of human papilloma virus, which may cause cervical cancer. The objective of this review was to collate findings on prevalence, associated factors, screening, service provision and utilization of services in relation to human papilloma virus and cervical cancer among women who sell sex in Eastern and Southern Africa. Methods: A scoping review methodology was employed. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) empirical papers, (2) of studies conducted in Eastern and Southern Africa, (3) published in the last 10 years, and (4) addressing women who sell sex in relation to (5) human papilloma virus and cervical cancer. A thorough search of a range of databases surfaced 66 papers. Both authors applied inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in 14 papers being reviewed. Results: The reported prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus virus varied between 23.6% and 70.5%. HIV sero-positivity, other sexually transmitted infections and Epstein-Barr virus were associated with human papilloma virus and high-grade cervical lesions. High-risk human papilloma virus was associated with women who reported younger age at first intercourse, non-barrier contraceptive use, and no history of condom use. For screening, there was overall agreement between physician- and self-collected samples. Contradictory results were found for visual inspection with acetic acid. Screening services utilization was associated with provider’s recommendation, history of sexually transmitted infections, frequency of facility visit and history of vaginal examination. A diagonal programme led to an increase in screening, attributed to the targeted services. Conclusions: Context is important in planning cervical cancer services. There is a need for enhanced sexually transmitted infections and viral management within cervical cancer prevention. Women who sell sex should be empowered in self-collection of stored-dry specimens, especially in resource-constrained regions. Cervical cancer screening services should be honed to the needs of women who sell sex.

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