scholarly journals Human Papilloma Virus infection and cervical cancer among women who sell sex in Eastern and Southern Africa: A scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 174550652110583
Author(s):  
Catriona Ida Macleod ◽  
John Hunter Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
History Of ◽  
Screening Services ◽  
Eastern And Southern Africa

Objectives: Women who sell sex have a high prevalence of human papilloma virus, which may cause cervical cancer. The objective of this review was to collate findings on prevalence, associated factors, screening, service provision and utilization of services in relation to human papilloma virus and cervical cancer among women who sell sex in Eastern and Southern Africa. Methods: A scoping review methodology was employed. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) empirical papers, (2) of studies conducted in Eastern and Southern Africa, (3) published in the last 10 years, and (4) addressing women who sell sex in relation to (5) human papilloma virus and cervical cancer. A thorough search of a range of databases surfaced 66 papers. Both authors applied inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in 14 papers being reviewed. Results: The reported prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus virus varied between 23.6% and 70.5%. HIV sero-positivity, other sexually transmitted infections and Epstein-Barr virus were associated with human papilloma virus and high-grade cervical lesions. High-risk human papilloma virus was associated with women who reported younger age at first intercourse, non-barrier contraceptive use, and no history of condom use. For screening, there was overall agreement between physician- and self-collected samples. Contradictory results were found for visual inspection with acetic acid. Screening services utilization was associated with provider’s recommendation, history of sexually transmitted infections, frequency of facility visit and history of vaginal examination. A diagonal programme led to an increase in screening, attributed to the targeted services. Conclusions: Context is important in planning cervical cancer services. There is a need for enhanced sexually transmitted infections and viral management within cervical cancer prevention. Women who sell sex should be empowered in self-collection of stored-dry specimens, especially in resource-constrained regions. Cervical cancer screening services should be honed to the needs of women who sell sex.

scholarly journals The Genotype of Human Papilloma Virus of Male Patient with Anogenital Warts

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Dwi Murtiastutik ◽  
Gondo Mastutik ◽  
Alphania Rahniayu ◽  
Afria Arista ◽  
Trisniartami Setyaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Anogenital Warts ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Biopsy Specimens

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. HPV high risk (HPVHR) were HPV16,18 related with invasive penile carcinomas, and HPV low risk (HPVLR) were HPV6,11 related to anogenital warts. Male infection is usually asymptomatic that it would be explain increasing the incidence of HPV associated cancers. Identification HPV genotype is very important for predicting the development of the diseases, to be benign or malignant cancer. The objective of this study was to identify the genotype of HPV that infect men with anogential warts. This research used 12 biopsy specimens from men patient with anogenital warts at Outpatient clinic of Department Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital period 2016-2017. The specimens were diagnozed by pathologist and HPV gentoyping was done to detect 40 HPV genotype including HPVHR and HPVLR. The result showed that 58% (7/12) were positive for HPVLR and 42% (5/12) were positive for HPV LR/HR. The genotype HPV that infected men patient with anogenital warts is HPVLR (HPV6,11) and HPVHR (HPV18,51,52,82) with single infection of HPVLR or mutiple infection HPVLR/LR or HPVLR/HR. The infection of HPVHR would be develops to be malignant transformation. It suggested that HPV genotype needs to be checked the for the anogenital warts cases for predicting the development of the diseases.

scholarly journals The Genotype of Human Papilloma Virus of Male Patient with Anogenital Warts

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Dwi Murtiastutik ◽  
Gondo Mastutik ◽  
Alphania Rahniayu ◽  
Afria Arista ◽  
Trisniartami Setyaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Anogenital Warts ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Biopsy Specimens

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. HPV high risk (HPVHR) were HPV16,18 related with invasive penile carcinomas, and HPV low risk (HPVLR) were HPV6,11 related to anogenital warts. Male infection is usually asymptomatic that it would be explain increasing the incidence of HPV associated cancers. Identification HPV genotype is very important for predicting the development of the diseases, to be benign or malignant cancer. The objective of this study was to identify the genotype of HPV that infect men with anogential warts. This research used 12 biopsy specimens from men patient with anogenital warts at Outpatient clinic of Department Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital period 2016-2017. The specimens were diagnozed by pathologist and HPV gentoyping was done to detect 40 HPV genotype including HPVHR and HPVLR. The result showed that 58% (7/12) were positive for HPVLR and 42% (5/12) were positive for HPV LR/HR. The genotype HPV that infected men patient with anogenital warts is HPVLR (HPV6,11) and HPVHR (HPV18,51,52,82) with single infection of HPVLR or mutiple infection HPVLR/LR or HPVLR/HR. The infection of HPVHR would be develops to be malignant transformation. It suggested that HPV genotype needs to be checked the for the anogenital warts cases for predicting the development of the diseases.

scholarly journals Assessment of awareness regarding human papilloma virus vaccine among medical students: a knowledge attitude and practice study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 2044
Author(s):  
Shetty Theertha S. ◽  
Priya Kamath
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Vaccine Availability ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: Assessment of knowledge and awareness regarding human papilloma virus and cervical cancer among medical students.Methods: Questionnaire based prospective study of 200 III and IV year consenting medical students willing to be a part of the study. 25 questions were in the questionnaire and they were asked to tick in front of the answer which they felt was correct. 3 questions regarding demographic details were formulated. To assess knowledge, attitude and practice total of 10, 8 and 4 questions were formulated respectively. Score of 0, 1, 2 and 3 were given to answers for statistical analysis.Results: A 110 (55%) belonged to III year and 90 (45%) belonged to IV year. 112 (56%) were females and 88 (44%) were males. 180 (90%) were aware regarding agent causing cervical cancer. 77.8% of IV MBBS and all students of III MBBS knew the etiology. 98% knew the screening technique while 190 (95%) knew that vaccine availability for cervical cancer. 60% knew that the infection was sexually transmitted, and majority knew it is not curable with antibiotics. 70% knew route of administration while most were unaware about age of administration. 91% had not taken the vaccine while 41.5% would if offered. 73% knew the vaccine is ineffective against other STD’s and most agreed that vaccine should be in the national immunization schedule. 40% knew that men should be vaccinated while 79% would recommend it to others.Conclusions: Primary prevention of cervical cancer with vaccination is a novel concept. Health professionals can play a role in propagating this practice. Syllabus in medical schools must emphasize on such topics.

scholarly journals Human Papilloma Virus Types 16/18 Distribution in Invasive Cervical Cancer: An Evidence for Vaccination in Bihar, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Rahul Kumar ◽  
Vinita Trivedi ◽  
Richa Chauhan ◽  
Akhtar Parwez ◽  
Biplab Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Cancer Tissues ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Hpv 18

There is high incidence of cervical cancer in Bihar, India. Vaccination for cervical cancer in developed countries has played a crucial role in limiting the incidence rate of cervical cancer worldwide. In consideration of debate on clinical efficacy of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccine in India, study on the prevalence of high risk HPV 16/18 strains in different regions of the nation becomes very crucial. Few individual states have started vaccination but centralised vaccination program does not exist due to lack of sufficient genotypic study of Human Papilloma Virus in different parts of India. Bihar is the third most populous state of India and HPV 16/18 distribution has not been reported yet. The nationwide data of HPV 16/18will help to develop a unified centralised vaccination program. We carried out a distribution study of high risk HPV type 16 and 18 in cervical cancer patients attending a tertiary care hospital of Bihar, India.HPV 16/18 types were analysed in cervical cancer tissues (n = 96) of patients attending the regional cancer hospital of Bihar. Tissue samples were analysed for HPV 16 and HPV 18 using a Real Time PCR technique. The results suggest very high prevalence of HPV 16/18. HPV was identified in all the samples (96/96). About, 74 (77.08%) samples presented with HPV 16 whereas, 16 (16.67%) of the samples presented with HPV 18. 6 Co-infection was presented in 6 (6.25%) of the samples of cervical cancer tissues. HPV 16/18 prevalence is more in the women aged between 41 to 61 years.We report 100% prevalence of HPV16/18 in the cervical cancer tissue samples. A way to minimise this gynaecological concern would be to introduce prophylactic vaccines and early screening in the state of Bihar. The data generated would be crucial in drafting for community screening of HPV. We strongly emphasize the prophylactic HPV Vaccination against HPV 16 to control the alarming rate of cervical cancer in one of the most populous state of India, Bihar.

scholarly journals Distinction Between Vaginal and Cervical Microbiota in High-risk Human Papilloma Virus Infected Women in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhan Zhang ◽  
Ting Li ◽  
Dai Zhang ◽  
Xiaonan Zong ◽  
Huihui Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Technology ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Abstract Background: High-risk human papilloma virus (hrHPV) is regarded as the main causal factor of cervical precancer and cancer when persistent infection is left untreated. Previous studies have declared that HPV is associated with microecological environment of lower genital tract but haven’t discriminate vaginal microbiota from that of cervix. Objective: To analyze the distinction between vaginal and cervical microbiota in high-risk HPV(+) Chinese women. Methods: One hundred participants were recruited including 20 healthy women with HPV (-), 32 with other hrHPV (+), 38 subjects with HPV16/18 (+) and 10 with cervical carcinoma, demographics of whom were collected and analyzed. Vaginal and cervical microbiota were separately tested through next-generation sequencing technology (NGS) targeting the variable region (V3-V4) of bacterial ribosome 16S rRNA gene. Results: 1. Analysis of demographics demonstrated that hrHPV infected women tend to be accustomed to vaginal douching (p =0.001), show more frequent usage of sanitary pads (p =0.007), have more sex partners (p =0.047), be more sexually active (p =0.025), have more diverse ways of contraception (p =0.001) and history of vaginitis (p =0.002). 2. NGS identified microbial diversity of cervical microbiota was much higher than that of vagina with significantly increased Proteobacteria and decreased Lactobacillus. Variation of cervical microbiota of hrHPV(+) subjects partly similar to vaginal microbiota but had its unique features. Sphingomonas of α-Proteobacteria, almost invisible in the vagina, was more frequent at normal cervix whereas decreased remarkably at hrHPV(+) cervix. Reversely, γ-Proteobacteria showed a significant positive correlation with HPV16/18 and cervical cancer. BV related anaerobes like Gardnerella, Prevotella, Atopobium and Sneathia showed similar changes in both vaginal and cervical microbiota of hrHPV(+) women and did not exhibit cervical specificity. Conclusions: Cervical microbiota has its uniqueness from that of vagina in bacterial communities presenting a higher proportion of Proteobacteria, of which Sphingomonas is potentially predictive of a health guardian of hrHPV while Pseudomonas the opposite.

scholarly journals Human papilloma virus vaccination: knowledge, awareness and acceptability among medical and paramedical students

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 474
Author(s):  
Suchith Hoblidar ◽  
Suma S. Moni ◽  
Rathnamala M. Desai ◽  
Asha Neravi
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Background: Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of death in india. it is also one of the few malignancies where an infectious etiological agent human papilloma virus (HPV) has been identified. With the advent of HPV vaccination, it is possible to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with carcinoma cervix. But biggest hurdle to achieve this is the lack of awareness about the availability and use of HPV vaccine. This study was conducted to know knowledge and awareness of HPV infection and vaccination among medical and paramedical students. We also evaluated the acceptability and coverage of HPV vaccine among these students.Methods: This study was conducted among a total of 520 female students of the Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University with the help of a questionnaire. The study group included 207 MBBS students, 167 BDS students, 89 nursing students and 57 physiotherapy students.Results: Most of the students were in 18-20 years’ age group. Nearly 40.57% of the students knew that HPV is sexually transmitted and 29.80% were aware that this infection can be prevented. Availability of HPV vaccine was known to 75% of the students and the main source of their information was through their college teachings. Nearly 43.75% of the students knew HPV vaccine protects against cervical cancer and 26.73% of the students were vaccinated. Overall knowledge and awareness were better among medical students.Conclusions: A lot of work needs to be done so as to make the target population accept HPV vaccine. There is a great difference between awareness of availability of the vaccine and its use. This emphasizes the need for health care professionals to take special interest in promoting this vaccine in the general population.

scholarly journals Inveksi Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) dan Pencegahannya pada Remaja dan Dewasa Muda

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Agnes S. Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Protection Against Infection

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a significant source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The primary risk factors for aquiring HPV are generally associated with sexual activity.  Evidence suggest that condoms provide some protection against infection and disease progression, but any genital contact is sufficient for HPV transmission.  Having more than one sexual partner often result in HPV infection.  All sexually active adolescents are at high risk for aquiring HPV.  Persistent infection with high-risk HPV types (e.g HPV 16 or 18) is considered necessary for the development cervical cancer.  Most infection are asymptomatic and are efficiently cleared by he immune system.  The lesions that caused by HPV can regress in adolescent and young adult women.  A small percentage of adolescents will develop precancerous lesions that may progress to invasive cervical cancer.  Adolescents should be given appropriate education about HPV and the dangers associated with infection.  Vaccination for HPV infection should be given for presexually active children and adolescents.Key words: human papilloma virus, adolescent, cervical cancer, vaccination. 

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