scholarly journals Assessment of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies post-Coronavac Vaccine in the Amazon region of Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos David Araújo Bichara ◽  
Maria Alice Freitas Queiroz ◽  
Ednelza da Silva Graça Amoras ◽  
Gergiane Lopes Vaz ◽  
Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres Vallinoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background. The race to develop a protective vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) has raised questions regarding the safety of immunizers, the efficacy in the production of neutralizing antibodies, the longevity of the immune response, especially when related to variables such as sex and age.Objective. The present study evaluated the frequency of seroreactivity for anti-SARS-CoV-2 (S1 and S2) total antibodies and anti-SARS-CoV-2 (RBD - S1) neutralizing antibodies in individuals vaccinated with the immunizing agent Coronavac (Sinovac).Method. The study was cross-sectional and involved a total of 358 individuals divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 205 volunteers who were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (S1 and S2) and group 2 of 153 individuals tested for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (RBD - S1).Results. Seroreactivity was above 70% in both groups, with approximately 20% of individuals showing no reactivity. The frequency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (S1 and S2) showed a significantly different distribution between sexes, but not according to age. The frequency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 (RBD - S1) neutralizing antibodies was 100% in the age group from 20 to 40 years, reducing significantly with advancing age to 88.9% (41 to 60 years), 78.7% (61 to 80 years) and 58.3% (>80 years).Conclusion. Our results demonstrate a high prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (S1 and S2) and anti-SARS-CoV-2 (RBD - S1) neutralizing antibodies in individuals who received both doses of Coronavac vaccine, suggesting a lower efficiency of the humoral immune response among the elderly over 60 years of age, which could be associated with the senescence of the immune system.

Assessment of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies post-Coronavac vaccination in the Amazon region of Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos David Araújo Bichara ◽  
Maria Alice Freitas Queiroz ◽  
Ednelza da Silva Graça Amoras ◽  
Gergiane Lopes Vaz ◽  
Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres Vallinoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract The race to develop a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) has raised questions regarding the safety of immunizers, efficacy regarding the production of neutralizing antibodies, and the longevity of the immune response, especially when related to variables such as sex and age. The present study evaluated the frequency of seropositivity for anti-SARS-CoV-2 (S1 and S2) total antibodies and anti-SARS-CoV-2 (receptor binding domain - RBD - S1) neutralizing antibodies in individuals vaccinated with the immunizing agent Coronavac (Sinovac). This was a cross-sectional study involving 358 individuals divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 205 volunteers who were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (S1 and S2); group 2 consisted of 153 individuals tested for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (RBD-S1). Seropositivity was greater than 70% in both groups, though approximately 20% of individuals showed no antibody production. The frequency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (S1 and S2) displayed a significantly different distribution between the sexes but not according to age. The frequency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 (RBD-S1) neutralizing antibodies was 93% in the age group from 21 to 40 years, which was significantly lower with advancing age, to 76% (41 to 60 years), 72% (61 to 80 years) and 47% (>80 years). Our results reveal a high prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (S1 and S2) and anti-SARS-CoV-2 (RBD - S1) neutralizing antibodies in individuals who received both doses of the Coronavac vaccine, suggesting a lower efficiency of the humoral immune response among those older than 60 years of age, which might be associated with senescence of the immune system.

scholarly journals Assessment of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies post-Coronavac vaccination in the Amazon region of Brazil.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos David Araújo Bichara ◽  
Maria Alice Freitas Queiroz ◽  
Ednelza da Silva Graça Amoras ◽  
Gergiane Lopes Vaz ◽  
Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres Vallinoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background. The race to develop a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) has raised questions regarding the safety of immunizers, efficacy regarding the production of neutralizing antibodies, and the longevity of the immune response, especially when related to variables such as sex and age.Objective. The present study evaluated the frequency of seropositivity for anti-SARS-CoV-2 (S1 and S2) total antibodies and anti-SARS-CoV-2 (receptor binding domain - RBD - S1) neutralizing antibodies in individuals vaccinated with the immunizing agent Coronavac (Sinovac).Method. This was a cross-sectional study involving 358 individuals divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 205 volunteers who were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (S1 and S2); group 2 consisted of 153 individuals tested for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (RBD-S1).Results. Seropositivity was greater than 70% in both groups, though approximately 20% of individuals showed no antibody production. The frequency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (S1 and S2) displayed a significantly different distribution between the sexes but not according to age. The frequency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 (RBD-S1) neutralizing antibodies was 93% in the age group from 21 to 40 years, which was significantly lower with advancing age, to 76% (41 to 60 years), 72% (61 to 80 years) and 47% (>80 years).Conclusion. Our results reveal a high prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (S1 and S2) and anti-SARS-CoV-2 (RBD - S1) neutralizing antibodies in individuals who received both doses of the Coronavac vaccine, suggesting a lower efficiency of the humoral immune response among those older than 60 years of age, which might be associated with senescence of the immune system.

scholarly journals Assessment of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies Post-Coronavac Vaccination in the Amazon Region of Brazil

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1169
Author(s):  
Carlos David Araújo Bichara ◽  
Maria Alice Freitas Queiroz ◽  
Ednelza da Silva Graça Amoras ◽  
Gergiane Lopes Vaz ◽  
Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres Vallinoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The present study evaluated the frequency of seropositivity for anti-SARS-CoV-2 (S1 and S2) total antibodies and anti-SARS-CoV-2 (receptor binding domain-RBD-S1) neutralizing antibodies in individuals vaccinated with the immunizing agent Coronavac. This was a cross-sectional study involving 358 individuals divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 205 volunteers who were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies; group 2 consisted of 153 individuals tested for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. Seropositivity was greater than 70% in both groups, although 17.6% and 20.9% of individuals showed no neutralizing or total antibody reactivity, respectively. The frequency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies displayed a significantly different distribution between the sexes but not according to age. The frequency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies was 93.3% (95% CI 68.1–99.8) in the age group from 21 to 40 years but significantly decreased with advancing age, and was 76.2% (95% CI 52.8–91.8) for 41 to 60 years, 72.5% (95% CI 62.8–80.9) for 61 to 80 years, and 46.7% (95% CI 21.3–73.4) for >80 years. Our results reveal a high prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies and anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies in individuals who received both doses of the Coronavac vaccine, suggesting a lower effectiveness of the humoral immune response among those older than 60 years of age, which might be associated with senescence of the immune system.

scholarly journals Leptospirosis severity may be associated with the intensity of humoral immune response

2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina C.R.M. ABDULKADER ◽  
Elizabeth F. DAHER ◽  
Eide D. CAMARGO ◽  
Cláudia SPINOSA ◽  
Marcos Vinícius da SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
High Avidity ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Weil’S Disease ◽  
Weil's Disease ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Leptospirosis severity may be increasing, with pulmonary involvement becoming more frequent. Does this increase result from an intense immune response to leptospire? Notice that renal failure, thrombocytopenia and pulmonary complications are found during the immune phase. Thirty-five hospitalized patients with Weil's disease had 5 blood samples drawn, from the 15th day to the 12th month of symptoms, for ELISA-IgM, -IgG and -IgA specific antibody detection. According their 1st IgG titer, the patients were divided into: group 1 (n = 13) titer > 1:400 (positive) and group 2 (n = 22) titer <=1:400 (negative). Early IgG antibodies in group 1 showed high avidity which may indicate reinfection. Group 1 was older, had worse pulmonary and renal function, and fever for a longer period than group 2. Throughout the study, IgG and IgA titers remained higher in group 1. In conclusion, the severity of Weil's disease may be associated with the intensity of the humoral immune response to leptospire.

scholarly journals Humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in five different groups of individuals at different environmental and professional risk of infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Novello ◽  
Massimo Terzolo ◽  
Berchialla Paola ◽  
Martina Gianetta ◽  
Valentina Bianco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Seroconversion Rate ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

AbstractIt is partially unknown whether the immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection persists with time. To address this issue, we detected the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in different groups of individuals previously diagnosed with COVID-19 disease (group 1 and 2), or potentially exposed to SARS-CoV-2 infection (group 3 and 4), and in a representative group of individuals with limited environmental exposure to the virus due to lockdown restrictions (group 5). The primary outcome was specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the different groups assessed by qualitative and quantitative analysis at baseline, 3 and 6 months follow-up. The seroconversion rate at baseline test was 95% in group 1, 61% in group 2, 40% in group 3, 17% in group 4 and 3% in group 5. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed male gender, close COVID-19 contact and presence of COVID-19 related symptoms strongly associated with serological positivity. The percentage of positive individuals as assessed by the qualitative and quantitative tests was superimposable. At the quantitative test, the median level of SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels measured in positive cases retested at 6-months increased significantly from baseline. The study indicates that assessing antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 through qualitative and quantitative testing is a reliable disease surveillance tool.

HIGH PREVALENCE OF MALNUTRITON AND WORM INFECTION AMONG VAN KIEU AND PAKOH CHILDREN AGED 12-36 MONTHS IN DAKRONG DISTRICT, QUANG TRI PROVINCE

2012 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Thi Lan Tran ◽  
Thi Huong Le ◽  
Xuan Ninh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Infection Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Group Recommendation ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Very High

Objectives: Assess the nutritional status, worm infection status and some related factors among children aged 12-36 months of Dakrong district, Quang Tri province. Subject and method: A cross sectional study was carried out in 2010, in 680 children aged 12-36 months in 4 communes of Dakrong district, Quang Tri province. Results: The malnutrition rate was 55.0% for underweight, 66.5% for stunting and 16.2% for wasting. The prevalence of malnutrition increases by age group. The prevalence of worm infection was 31.6%, the highest prevalence was belong to Ascaris infection (24.6%), followed by Hookworm and Trichuris (6.5% and 6.2%, respectively). The prevalence of worm infection among children under two is very high (27.0%). The prevalence of worm infection was distributed quite equally between the malnutrition children group and normal children group. Recommendation: Early deworming forchildren from 12 months should be considered as important strategy against the malnutrition of children in Dakrong district, Quang Tri province

scholarly journals Effect of the Cut-Off Level for Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone on the Prevalence of Subclinical Hypothyroidism among Infertile Mexican Women

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 417
Author(s):  
Lidia Arce-Sánchez ◽  
Salvatore Giovanni Vitale ◽  
Claudia Montserrat Flores-Robles ◽  
Myrna Souraye Godines-Enriquez ◽  
Marco Noventa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Mexican Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The primary aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) using two different cut-off levels for TSH values (≥2.5 mIU/L versus ≥4.1 mIU/L). The secondary objective was to analyze the clinical-biochemical characteristics in women with and without SCH. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. In total, 1496 Mexican women with infertility were included: Group 1, women with TSH levels ranging between 0.3 and 2.49 mIU/L, n = 886; Group 2, women with TSH between 2.5 and 4.09 mIU/L, n = 390; and Group 3, women with TSH ≥4.1 mIU/L n = 220. SCH prevalence was 40.7% (CI 95%: 38.3–43.3%) with TSH cut-off ≥ 2.5 mIU/L, and 14.7% (CI 95%: 12.7–16.5%) with TSH cut-off ≥ 4.1 mIU/L, (p = 0.0001). The prevalence of overweight was higher in Group 2 than in Groups 1 and 3. Thyroid autoimmunity, obesity and insulin resistance were higher in Group 3 than in Group 1 (p < 0.05). No other differences were observed between groups. Conclusions: The prevalence of SCH in our selected patients increased almost three times using a TSH cut-off ≥ 2.5 mIU/L compared with a TSH cut-off ≥ 4.1 mIU/L. Women with TSH ≥4.1 mIU/L compared with TSH cut-off ≤ 2.5 mIU/L more often presented with obesity, thyroid autoimmunity and insulin resistance.

scholarly journals MRI Spectrum of Japanese Encephalitis in Northeast India: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 281-289
Author(s):  
Pranjal Phukan ◽  
Kalyan Sarma ◽  
Barun Kumar Sharma ◽  
Deb K. Boruah ◽  
Bidyut Bikash Gogoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Mri Scan ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Objective Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an arthropod-borne flavivirus infection having high mortality and morbidity. This study was performed to evaluate the conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in JE and to find out any difference between pediatric and adult JE. Materials and Methods This retrospective study was performed on serologically positive 54 JE patients presented to a tertiary care hospital with acute encephalitic symptoms between April 2016 and October 2019. Relevant neurological examination, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and MRI scan of the brain were performed. Results Fifty-four JE patients (n = 31 males and n = 23 females) having 32 pediatric and 22 adult JE were included in the study sample. Group 1 JE (n = 16) patients had encephalitic symptoms with duration less than 15 days up to the day of MRI scan and group 2 JE (n = 38) had symptoms more than 15 days. Group 1 JE had mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value of 0.563 ± 0.109 (standard deviation [SD]) × 10–3 mm2/sec and group 2 JE had 1.095 ± 0.206 (SD) × 10–3 mm2/sec. The mean ADC value of pediatric JE was 0.907 ± 0.336 (SD) × 10–3 mm2/sec and adult JE was 0.982 ± 0.253 (SD) × 10–3 mm2/sec. Conclusion The majority of the JE patient shows abnormal signal alterations in bilateral thalami and substantia nigra. Diffusion-weighted imaging with ADC mapping helps in evaluating the stage of the JE. No statistical significance of the various conventional MRI findings was found between the pediatric JE and adult JE.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic Predictors of Physical Functioning in the Elderly: A National Health Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Milena Kostadinovic ◽  
Dejan Nikolic ◽  
Ivana Petronic ◽  
Dragana Cirovic ◽  
Mirko Grajic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Gender Group ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Level Group ◽  
Group 1

We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of sociodemographic factors with the presence and different degrees of walking difficulties in elderly above 65 years, and to analyze association between evaluated variables and the presence and degree of waking difficulties. In the population based study, 3540 individuals age above 65 years from Serbia were recruited. Further predictors were analyzed: gender, age, level of education, marital status, body mass index (BMI), index of well-being and place of residence. We assessed difficulty in walking half a km on level ground without the use of any aid (Group-1); and difficulty in walking up or down 12 steps (Group-2). Walking difficulties were categorized as no difficulty, some difficulty, a lot of difficulty and cannot do at all. For present difficulty significant predictors were: age (Group-1 (OR-3.022)/Group-2 (OR-3.825)), gender (Group-1 (OR-0.337)/Group-2 (OR-0.311)), educational level (Group-1 (OR-0.689)/Group-2 (OR-0.556)) and place of residence (Group-2 (OR-1.523)) while for non-performing the task, significant predictors were: age (Group-1 (OR-1.998)/Group-2 (OR-2.096)), gender (Group-1 (OR-0.629)/Group-2 (OR-0.495)), BMI (Group-1 (OR-1.219)/Group-2 (OR-1.305)), marital status (Group-1 (OR 0.764)/Group-2 (OR-0.769)), educational level (Group-1 (OR-0.679)/Group-2 (OR-0.719)) and index of well-being (Group-2 (OR-0.764)). Understanding of predictors, and their role on functional decline in elderly is of great importance for the development of specific population-based health programs to prevent further functional loss and preserve achieved functional gains.

scholarly journals Characterization of Lassa Virus Cell Entry and Neutralization with Lassa Virus Pseudoparticles

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (7) ◽  
pp. 3228-3237 ◽  
Author(s):  
François-Loic Cosset ◽  
Philippe Marianneau ◽  
Geraldine Verney ◽  
Fabrice Gallais ◽  
Noel Tordo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Cell Entry ◽  
Lassa Virus ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Humoral Immune

ABSTRACT The cell entry and humoral immune response of the human pathogen Lassa virus (LV), a biosafety level 4 (BSL4) Old World arenavirus, are not well characterized. LV pseudoparticles (LVpp) are a surrogate model system that has been used to decipher factors and routes involved in LV cell entry under BSL2 conditions. Here, we describe LVpp, which are highly infectious, with titers approaching those obtained with pseudoparticles displaying G protein of vesicular stomatitis virus and their the use for the characterization of LV cell entry and neutralization. Upon cell attachment, LVpp utilize endocytic vesicles for cell entry as described for many pH-dependent viruses. However, the fusion of the LV glycoproteins is activated at unusually low pH values, with optimal fusion occurring between pH 4.5 and 3, a pH range at which fusion characteristics of viral glycoproteins have so far remained largely unexplored. Consistent with a shifted pH optimum for fusion activation, we found wild-type LV and LVpp to display a remarkable resistance to exposure to low pH. Finally, LVpp allow the fast and quantifiable detection of neutralizing antibodies in human and animal sera and will thus facilitate the study of the humoral immune response in LV infections.

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