scholarly journals The First Feline Immunodeficiency Virus in Siberian Tigers (Panthera Tigris Altaica) from China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enqi Liu ◽  
Liying Ma ◽  
Shuping Huang ◽  
Dan You ◽  
Lijun Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Amino Acid Similarity ◽  
Siberian Tiger ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Panthera Tigris Altaica ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Subtype A ◽  
First Time

Abstract Research on feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) from tigers is scant throughout the world. In this study, 320 captive Siberian tigers were tested for FIV by nested PCR, and three Siberian tigers were FIV-positive. This is the first time FIV has been detected in Siberian tigers in China. The phylogenetic analysis of three FIV genes, gag-p26, pol-RT, and pol-RNAse, revealed that the Siberian tiger FIV had the minimum genetic divergence, the closest genetic relationship and the highest amino acid similarity with subtype A FIV strains from domestic cats, suggesting that the Siberian tiger FIV may have been transmitted by stray cats.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic analysis to define feline immunodeficiency virus subtypes in 31 domestic cats in South Africa

2006 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kann ◽  
J. Seddon ◽  
M. Kyaw-Tanner ◽  
J.P. Schoeman ◽  
T. Schoeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Envelope Gene ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Subtype A

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), a lentivirus, is an important pathogen of domestic cats around the world and has many similarities to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A characteristic of these lentiviruses is their extensive genetic diversity, which has been an obstacle in the development of successful vaccines. Of the FIV genes, the envelope gene is the most variable and sequence differences in a portion of this gene have been used to define 5 FIV subtypes (A, B, C, D and E). In this study, the proviral DNA sequence of the V3-V5 region of the envelope gene was determined in blood samples from 31 FIV positive cats from 4 different regions of South Africa. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the presence of both subtypes A and C, with subtype A predominating. These findings contribute to the understanding of the genetic diversity of FIV.

Endoparasites of the Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris altaica )

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana V. MOSKVINA ◽  
Michail Yu. SCHELKANOV ◽  
Mariya A. BEGUN
Keyword(s):  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Siberian Tiger ◽  
Panthera Tigris Altaica

scholarly journals Quantification of Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIVpco) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, lymph nodes and plasma of naturally infected cougars

2006 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 967-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Blake ◽  
Jon Graham ◽  
Mary Poss
Keyword(s):  
Virus Replication ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells

Infection of domestic cats with Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) results in a fatal immunodeficiency disease, similar to Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) in humans. Elevated plasma viral loads in domestic cats are correlated to decreased survival time and disease progression. However, FIV is also maintained as an apathogenic infection in other members of the family Felidae including cougars, Puma concolor (FIVpco). It is not known whether the lack of disease in cougars is a result of diminished virus replication. A real-time PCR assay was developed to quantify both FIVpco proviral and plasma viral loads in naturally infected cougars. Proviral loads quantified from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) ranged from 2·90×101 to 6·72×104 copies per 106 cells. Plasma viral loads ranged from 2·30×103 to 2·81×106 RNA copies ml−1. These data indicate that FIVpco viral loads are comparable to viral loads observed in endemic and epidemic lentivirus infections. Thus, the lack of disease in cougars is not due to low levels of virus replication. Moreover, significant differences observed among cougar PBMC proviral loads correlated to viral lineage and cougar age (P=0·014), which suggests that separate life strategies exist within FIVpco lineages. This is the first study to demonstrate that an interaction of lentivirus lineage and host age significantly effect proviral loads.

scholarly journals Ovarian Activity and Pregnancy in the Siberian Tiger, Panthera tigris altaica, Assessed by Fecal Gonadal Steroid Hormones Analyses

2007 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 569-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heri Dwi PUTRANTO ◽  
Satoshi KUSUDA ◽  
Kayo INAGAKI ◽  
Gaku KUMAGAI ◽  
Rie ISHII-TAMURA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Gonadal Steroid Hormones ◽  
Gonadal Steroid ◽  
Siberian Tiger ◽  
Panthera Tigris Altaica

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Depletes Naïve (CD45RA+) CD4+ Lymphocytes from the Blood and Lymph Nodes of Domestic Cats during Acute Pediatric Infection.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 3896-3896
Author(s):  
Calvin M. Johnson ◽  
Ayalew Mergia ◽  
Janelle Novak ◽  
Nazareth Gengozian
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Pediatric Hiv ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Color Flow ◽  
Cd8 Cells ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cd4 Lymphocytes

Abstract Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is an immunosuppressive lentivirus of domestic cats that serves as an animal model for the pathogenesis of CD4+ lymphopenia and thymus dysfunction in HIV infected humans. During most cases of adult and pediatric HIV infection, naïve CD4+ T lymphocytes recognized by the expression of the RA isoform of the leukocyte common antigen (CD45RA) are infected at a lower level than memory CD4+ T− lymphocytes; however, children with rapidly progressive disease due to thymic insufficiency harbor high levels of HIV within the CD45RA+ subpopulation. In FIV infected cats, the fate of naïve CD4 lymphocytes is unknown due to the lack of specific markers. Recently, a mAb (755) was reported to recognize the feline homologue to CD45RA, allowing the enumeration of naïve CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes in cats. The purpose of this study was to characterize the fate of CD4+CD45RA+ blood cells eight weeks after FIV infection. One-day-old kittens (n=6) were infected with virions either from a wild type clone (JSY3) or mutant ORF-A clone at equivalent reverse transcriptase units and compared to historical control data. Eight weeks after inoculation, the percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ cells belonging to the CD45RA+ subpopulation were measured by two-color flow cytometry. Both FIV inocula were associated with a reduction in total CD4+ lymphocytes from a median of 13% in controls to 8% in infected cats (P=0.004), contributing to a reduction in the CD4:CD8 ratio from 2.45 in controls to 0.76 in infected cats (P=0.007). The decline in CD4+ lymphocytes was attributable to a disproportionate loss of CD4+CD45RA+ cells: 69% of CD4+ cells were CD45RA+ in controls, as compared to 7% in FIV infected cats (P=0.004). In contrast, naïve CD8+ lymphocytes did not change significantly with FIV infection (67% of CD8+ cells were CD45RA+ in FIV infected cats as compared to 80% in controls). The distribution of CD45RA+ cells in the lymph nodes of FIV infected cats mirrored those in the blood. Together, these data suggest that acute FIV infection results in a rapid depletion of naïve CD4 lymphocytes throughout the blood and secondary lymphoid tissues, while proportions of naïve CD8 lymphocytes remain unchanged. CD4+CD45RA+ cells may be depleted during pediatric FIV infection through lytic infection or a transition to a memory phenotype lacking CD45RA.

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