scholarly journals Phylogenetic analysis to define feline immunodeficiency virus subtypes in 31 domestic cats in South Africa

2006 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kann ◽  
J. Seddon ◽  
M. Kyaw-Tanner ◽  
J.P. Schoeman ◽  
T. Schoeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Envelope Gene ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Subtype A

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), a lentivirus, is an important pathogen of domestic cats around the world and has many similarities to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A characteristic of these lentiviruses is their extensive genetic diversity, which has been an obstacle in the development of successful vaccines. Of the FIV genes, the envelope gene is the most variable and sequence differences in a portion of this gene have been used to define 5 FIV subtypes (A, B, C, D and E). In this study, the proviral DNA sequence of the V3-V5 region of the envelope gene was determined in blood samples from 31 FIV positive cats from 4 different regions of South Africa. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the presence of both subtypes A and C, with subtype A predominating. These findings contribute to the understanding of the genetic diversity of FIV.

scholarly journals Occurrence of feline immunodeficiency virus infection in cats

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 2245-2249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria Maria Lara ◽  
Sueli Akemi Taniwaki ◽  
João Pessoa Araújo Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infection ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

The occurrence of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) in Brazil has been previously described. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of FIV infection in 454 blood samples from healthy and sick domestic cats from 13 cities of São Paulo State, Brazil as well as to evaluate the risk factors associated with the infection. The results showed that 14.7% (67/454) of the cats were infected with FIV. The clinical evaluation showed that 29.2% of the FIV-positive animals were sick, while 7.3% did not show any type of clinical manifestation. In addition, the vast majority (23.1%) of positive cases corresponded to free-roaming owned cats. The incidence of FIV infection was higher in males (20.3%) than in females (9.7%). The results suggest that certain characteristics such as gender, health status and lifestyle may be associated with the risk of being infected with FIV in the population of cats studied.

scholarly journals Prevalence of feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukaemia virus in domestic cats in Hungary

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 205511691989209
Author(s):  
Anna Szilasi ◽  
Lilla Dénes ◽  
Eszter Krikó ◽  
Kristin Heenemann ◽  
Reinhard Ertl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Leukaemia Virus ◽  
Apparent Prevalence ◽  
Subtype B ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Feline Leukaemia Virus

Objectives Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) are retroviruses affecting cats worldwide. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of these retroviruses in domestic cats in Hungary and to characterise the phylogenetic relationships of FIV strains. Methods A total of 335 anticoagulated whole-blood samples obtained from both a healthy and ill cat population were examined for the presence of FIV and FeLV with two methods: ELISA and PCR. Statistical analysis was carried out to analyse the data obtained. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of partial polymerase ( pol) gene sequences was performed to describe circulating FIV subtypes. Results Statistical analysis showed 11.8% and 9.9% true prevalence of FeLV and FIV, respectively, with ELISA. The apparent prevalence calculated from the PCR results were 17.3% for FeLV and 13.1% for FIV. Phylogenetic analysis of partial pol gene sequences obtained from 22 FIV strains showed that all observed Hungarian strains belonged to FIV subtype B. The strains were grouped into several monophyletic subgroups reflecting the geographic locations of the origin of the samples. The overall mean genetic similarity between the analysed strains was 98.2%. Conclusions and relevance We report the first thorough overview of the prevalence of FeLV and FIV in Hungary, which is relatively high, and give insight into the genetic diversity of Hungarian strains of FIV.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Analysis of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus in Feral and Companion Domestic Cats of New Zealand

2006 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 2999-3004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica J. Hayward ◽  
John Taylor ◽  
Allen G. Rodrigo
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Intersubtype Recombination ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

ABSTRACT Nested PCR was used to amplify envelope V3-V6 gene fragments of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) from New Zealand cats. Phylogenetic analyses established that subtypes A and C predominate among New Zealand cats, with clear evidence of intersubtype recombination. In addition, 17 sequences were identified that were distinct from all known FIV clades, and we tentatively suggest these belong to a novel subtype.

scholarly journals Interspecies Transmission of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus from the Domestic Cat to the Tsushima Cat (Felis bengalensis euptilura) in the Wild

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 7916-7921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Nishimura ◽  
Yuko Goto ◽  
Kumiko Yoneda ◽  
Yasuyuki Endo ◽  
Takuya Mizuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Lymphoid Cell ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Interspecies Transmission ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Lymphoid Cell Lines

ABSTRACT Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) was isolated from a wild-caught Tsushima cat (Felis bengalensis euptilura), an endangered Japanese nondomestic subspecies of leopard cat (F. bengalensis). Phylogenetic analysis of the env gene sequences indicated that the FIV from the Tsushima cat belonged to a cluster of subtype D FIVs from domestic cats. FIVs from both the Tsushima cat and the domestic cat showed similar levels of replication and cytopathicity in lymphoid cell lines derived from these two species. The results indicated the occurrence of interspecies transmission of FIV from the domestic cat to the Tsushima cat in the wild.

Phylogenetic analysis of Vietnamese isolates of feline immunodeficiency virus: genetic diversity of subtype C

2003 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. 783-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nakamura ◽  
Y. Suzuki ◽  
K. Ikeo ◽  
Y. Ikeda ◽  
E. Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Subtype C ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals The First Feline Immunodeficiency Virus in Siberian Tigers (Panthera Tigris Altaica) from China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enqi Liu ◽  
Liying Ma ◽  
Shuping Huang ◽  
Dan You ◽  
Lijun Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Amino Acid Similarity ◽  
Siberian Tiger ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Panthera Tigris Altaica ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Subtype A ◽  
First Time

Abstract Research on feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) from tigers is scant throughout the world. In this study, 320 captive Siberian tigers were tested for FIV by nested PCR, and three Siberian tigers were FIV-positive. This is the first time FIV has been detected in Siberian tigers in China. The phylogenetic analysis of three FIV genes, gag-p26, pol-RT, and pol-RNAse, revealed that the Siberian tiger FIV had the minimum genetic divergence, the closest genetic relationship and the highest amino acid similarity with subtype A FIV strains from domestic cats, suggesting that the Siberian tiger FIV may have been transmitted by stray cats.

scholarly journals Prevalence of feline coronavirus, feline leukemia virus, and feline immunodeficiency virus in client-owned cats in Croatia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 24-38
Author(s):  
Jelena Raukar
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Feline Leukemia Virus ◽  
Antibody Prevalence ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Proviral Dna ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Feline Coronavirus

This study aimed to determine prevalences for anti-FCoV antibody, FeLV antigen, FeLV proviral DNA, and anti-FIV antibody among client-owned cats from the cities of Zagreb and Varaždin in Croatia. Subjects included 106 client-owned cats tested at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria. Blood samples were tested with IFA for anti-FCoV antibody and IFA FCoV antibody titeres, with ELISA for FeLV p27 antigen, with PCR for FeLV proviral DNA, and with RIM for anti-FIV antibody. Prevalence of FCoV and FeLV was 41.51% and 6.60%, respectively. A coinfection with FeLV/FCoV and FIV/FCoV prevalence was 7.55% and 5.66%. No cats were coinfected with FIV and FeLV. All three viruses were detected, confirming their presence in Croatia. The seroepidemiological findings demonstrate that both feline retroviruses and feline coronavirus are important feline pathogens in Croatia.

scholarly journals Quantification of Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIVpco) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, lymph nodes and plasma of naturally infected cougars

2006 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 967-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Blake ◽  
Jon Graham ◽  
Mary Poss
Keyword(s):  
Virus Replication ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells

Infection of domestic cats with Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) results in a fatal immunodeficiency disease, similar to Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) in humans. Elevated plasma viral loads in domestic cats are correlated to decreased survival time and disease progression. However, FIV is also maintained as an apathogenic infection in other members of the family Felidae including cougars, Puma concolor (FIVpco). It is not known whether the lack of disease in cougars is a result of diminished virus replication. A real-time PCR assay was developed to quantify both FIVpco proviral and plasma viral loads in naturally infected cougars. Proviral loads quantified from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) ranged from 2·90×101 to 6·72×104 copies per 106 cells. Plasma viral loads ranged from 2·30×103 to 2·81×106 RNA copies ml−1. These data indicate that FIVpco viral loads are comparable to viral loads observed in endemic and epidemic lentivirus infections. Thus, the lack of disease in cougars is not due to low levels of virus replication. Moreover, significant differences observed among cougar PBMC proviral loads correlated to viral lineage and cougar age (P=0·014), which suggests that separate life strategies exist within FIVpco lineages. This is the first study to demonstrate that an interaction of lentivirus lineage and host age significantly effect proviral loads.

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