Meta-analysis on the prevalence of Mycoplasmosis in poultry of India and the World

Abstract Mycoplasmosis, is one of the important disease of poultry industry causing huge economic loss. In the present study, the prevalence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and Mycoplasma Synoviae (MS) in poultry from India and the World was estimated using meta-analysis from the studies during 2010–2020. The meta-analysis of studies from the world showed that overall pooled prevalence estimates for MS (42.52% CI: 33.16–52.16) is more than MG (39.31% CI: 25.76–53.74). In India also, the pooled estimate for prevalence of MS (29.34% CI: 14.40-46.93) is more than MG (25.97% CI: 19.41–33.11). However, the prevalence of both MG & MS is comparatively less in India than other parts of world. Pooled estimate through serological techniques was more for both MG & MS than other diagnostic methods and ELISA was the most reported diagnostic method followed by other methods including serum plate agglutination assay (SPA), PCR and isolation etc. Zone wise prevalence estimate showed that south zone has comparatively higher prevalence (37.37%) for both MG & MS than other zones in India. Continent wise analysis revealed that African continent has more prevalence for both MG (50.09 % CI: 31.75–68.42) and MS (44.79 % CI: 23.26–67.37) followed by others. Overall, the current study indicates higher prevalence of Mycoplasmosis worldwide including India and other countries emphasizing the importance of strict implementation of biosecurity measures and vaccinations.

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Helminths of zoonotic importance in slaughtered food animals in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x18000196 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 93 (3) ◽

pp. 295-305 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

S.N. Karshima

Keyword(s):

Geographical Distribution ◽

Ascaris Suum ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Diagnostic Methods ◽

Effective Control ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Prevalence Estimates ◽

Food Animals

AbstractKnowledge of endemic helminths in a resource-limited country such as Nigeria is essential for their diagnosis, treatment and cost-effective control. In the present study, the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guideline was employed to determine the prevalence and geographical distribution of zoonotic helminths in food animals slaughtered in Nigerian abattoirs between 1970 and 2016. Pooled prevalence estimate (PPE) was determined by the random-effects model while heterogeneity was evaluated using the Cochran'sQ-test. Results from 42 eligible studies reported across 19 Nigerian states revealed 85,466 cases of zoonotic helminths from 3,771,832 slaughtered food animals. Overall PPE was 2.27% (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.25, 2.28). PPEs for sub-groups ranged between 0.51% (95% CI: 0.46, 0.56) and 18.05% (95% CI: 17.12, 19.01) across regions, hosts, study periods and diagnostic methods.Ascaris suumhad the highest pooled prevalence of 25.46% (95% CI: 24.04, 26.92). Overall prevalence estimates for cestodes, nematodes and trematodes were 0.60% (95% CI: 0.59, 0.61), 21.51% (95% CI: 20.73, 22.30) and 1.86% (95% CI: 1.84, 1.87), respectively. A high degree of heterogeneity 99.97% (95% CI: 2.25, 2.28,P: 0.000) was observed. Zoonotic helminths were prevalent in slaughtered food animals, with higher prevalence estimates in the north–central region, pigs and during the last decade reviewed.Ascaris suumwas the most prevalent helminth, whileFasciola giganticahad the widest geographical distribution. It is envisaged that the present information will help in the formulation of disease-control policies, encourage on-farm good agricultural practices, and adequate hygiene and sanitation in abattoirs and meat-processing plants, with the aim of protecting public health.

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Cryptosporidiosis in HIV-positive patients and related risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Parasite ◽

10.1051/parasite/2020025 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 27

Author(s):

Ehsan Ahmadpour ◽

Hanie Safarpour ◽

Lihua Xiao ◽

Mehdi Zarean ◽

Kareem Hatam-Nahavandi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Diagnostic Methods ◽

Detection Methods ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Related Risk ◽

Study Population ◽

Staining Methods

Cryptosporidium is one of the major causes of diarrhea in HIV-positive patients. The aim of this study is to systematically review and meta-analyze the prevalence of Cryptosporidium in these patients. PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Cochrane and Ovid databases were searched for relevant studies dating from the period of 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2017. Data extraction for the included studies was performed independently by two authors. The overall pooled prevalence was calculated and subgroup analysis was performed on diagnostic methods, geographical distribution and study population. Meta-regression was performed on the year of publication, proportion of patients with diarrhea, and proportion of patients with CD4 < 200 cells/mL. One hundred and sixty-one studies and 51,123 HIV-positive participants were included. The overall pooled prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in HIV-positive patients was 11.2% (CI95%: 9.4%–13.0%). The pooled prevalence was estimated to be 10.0% (CI95%: 8.4%–11.8%) using staining methods, 13.5% (CI95%: 8.9%–19.8%) using molecular methods, and 26.3% (CI95%: 15.0%–42.0%) using antigen detection methods. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium in HIV patients was significantly associated with the country of study. Also, there were statistical differences between the diarrhea, CD4 < 200 cells/mL, and antiretroviral therapy risk factors with Cryptosporidiosis. Thus, Cryptosporidium is a common infection in HIV-positive patients, and safe water and hand-hygiene should be implemented to prevent cryptosporidiosis occurrence in these patients.

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Standardisation of lymphatic filariasis microfilaraemia prevalence estimates based on different diagnostic methods: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Parasites & Vectors ◽

10.1186/s13071-020-04144-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Natalie V. S. Vinkeles Melchers ◽

Luc E. Coffeng ◽

Sake J. de Vlas ◽

Wilma A. Stolk

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Lymphatic Filariasis ◽

Membrane Filtration ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Diagnostic Technique ◽

Diagnostic Techniques ◽

Diagnostic Methods ◽

Prevalence Estimates ◽

Study Population ◽

Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Lymphatic filariasis (LF) infection is generally diagnosed through parasitological identification of microfilariae (mf) in the blood. Although historically the most commonly used technique for counting mf is the thick blood smear based on 20 µl blood (TBS20), various other techniques and blood volumes have been applied. It is therefore a challenge to compare mf prevalence estimates from different LF-survey data. Our objective was to standardise microfilaraemia (mf) prevalence estimates to TBS20 as the reference diagnostic technique. Methods We first performed a systematic review to identify studies reporting on comparative mf prevalence data as measured by more than one diagnostic test, including TBS20, on the same study population. Associations between mf prevalences based on different diagnostic techniques were quantified in terms of odds ratios (OR, with TBS20 blood as reference), using a meta-regression model. Results We identified 606 articles matching our search strategy and included 14 in our analyses. The OR of the mf prevalences as measured by the more sensitive counting chamber technique (≥ 50 µl blood) was 2.90 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.60–5.28). For membrane filtration (1 ml blood) the OR was 2.39 (95% CI: 1.62–3.53), Knott’s technique it was 1.54 (95% CI: 0.72–3.29), and for TBS in ≥ 40 µl blood it was 1.37 (95% CI: 0.81–2.30). Conclusions We provided transformation factors to standardise mf prevalence estimates as detected by different diagnostic techniques to mf prevalence estimates as measured by TBS20. This will facilitate the use and comparison of more datasets in meta-analyses and geographic mapping initiatives across countries and over time.

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Prevalence of the Use of Herbal Medicines among Patients with Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2021/9963038 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-18

Author(s):

John Baptist Asiimwe ◽

Prakash B. Nagendrappa ◽

Esther C. Atukunda ◽

Mauda M. Kamatenesi ◽

Grace Nambozi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Herbal Medicine ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Patient Characteristics ◽

Medicine Use ◽

Middle Income ◽

Patients With Cancer ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Prevalence Estimates ◽

Meta Analyses

Background. Although herbal medicines are used by patients with cancer in multiple oncology care settings, the magnitude of herbal medicine use in this context remains unclear. The purpose of this review was to establish the prevalence of herbal medicine use among patients with cancer, across various geographical settings and patient characteristics (age and gender categories). Methods. Electronic databases that were searched for data published, from January 2000 to January 2020, were Medline (PubMed), Google Scholar, Embase, and African Index Medicus. Eligible studies reporting prevalence estimates of herbal medicine use amongst cancer patients were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. Studies were grouped by World Bank region and income groups. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed to explore source of heterogeneity. Results. In total, 155 studies with data for 809,065 participants (53.95% female) met the inclusion criteria. Overall, the pooled prevalence of the use of herbal medicine among patients with cancer was 22% (95% confidence interval (CI): 18%–25%), with the highest prevalence estimates for Africa (40%, 95% CI: 23%–58%) and Asia (28%, 95% CI: 21%–35%). The pooled prevalence estimate was higher across low- and middle-income countries (32%, 95% CI: 23%–42%) and lower across high-income countries (17%, 95% CI: 14%–21%). Higher pooled prevalence estimates were found for adult patients with cancer (22%, 95% CI: 19%–26%) compared with children with cancer (18%, 95% CI: 11%–27%) and for female patients (27%, 95% CI: 19%–35%) compared with males (17%, 95% CI: 1%–47%). Conclusion. Herbal medicine is used by a large percentage of patients with cancer use. The findings of this review highlight the need for herbal medicine to be integrated in cancer care.

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The prevalence and profile of autism in individuals born preterm: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽

10.1186/s11689-021-09382-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Catherine Laverty ◽

Andrew Surtees ◽

Rory O’Sullivan ◽

Daniel Sutherland ◽

Christopher Jones ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Assessment Method ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Autism Diagnosis ◽

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽

Search Terms ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Prevalence Estimates ◽

Health Domains

Abstract Introduction Preterm birth (<37 weeks) adversely affects development in behavioural, cognitive and mental health domains. Heightened rates of autism are identified in preterm populations, indicating that prematurity may confer an increased likelihood of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. The present meta-analysis aims to synthesise existing literature and calculate pooled prevalence estimates for rates of autism characteristics in preterm populations. Methods Search terms were generated from inspection of relevant high-impact papers and a recent meta-analysis. Five databases were searched from database creation until December 2020 with PRISMA guidelines followed throughout. Results 10,900 papers were retrieved, with 52 papers included in the final analyses, further classified by assessment method (screening tools N=30, diagnostic assessment N=29). Pooled prevalence estimates for autism in preterm samples was 20% when using screening tools and 6% when using diagnostic assessments. The odds of an autism diagnosis were 3.3 times higher in individuals born preterm than in the general population. Conclusions The pooled prevalence estimate of autism characteristics in individuals born preterm is considerably higher than in the general population. Findings highlight the clinical need to provide further monitoring and support for individuals born preterm.

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749The global prevalence of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A meta-analysis

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/dyab168.034 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Khalid Almutairi ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Urban Population ◽

Prediction Interval ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Geographical Location ◽

Period Prevalence ◽

Global Prevalence ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Prevalence Estimates

Abstract Background To determine the global prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) based on published studies and reveal factors which influence the RA prevalence estimates. Methods Four electronic databases- ProQuest Central, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched for publications from 1980 and 2019, reporting prevalence estimates of RA. A random-effect meta-analysis model was used to produce the pooled prevalence estimates. The potential sources of between-study heterogeneity were identified using sensitivity analysis, sub-group and meta-regression analyses. Results A total of 67 studies consisting of 212,335,171 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The global prevalence of RA was estimated 0.46% (95% CI: 0.39-0.54; I2=99.9%) with a 95% prediction interval (0.06–1.27). The point-prevalence of RA was 0.45% (95% CI: 0.38- 0.53%), while the pooled period-prevalence was 0.46% (0.36% and 0.57%). The highest RA pooled prevalence was estimated at 0.69% (95% CI: 0.47–0.95) derived from linked data sources studies. Based on subgroup analyses, the pooled prevalence of RA was influenced by geographical location, the risk bias of studies, period-prevalence method and urban population setting over the stratified periods. Conclusion The global prevalence of RA was 460 per 100,000 population from 1980–2018, with a 95% prediction interval (0.06– 1.27%). RA prevalence estimates were influenced by geographical location, the risk bias assessment of studies, period-prevalence method and urban population setting over time. Key messages The global prevalence of RA was 460 per 100,000 population from 1980–2018, with a 95% prediction interval (0.06– 1.27%).

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Prevalence of depression among physicians: A comprehensive meta-analysis

Romanian Medical Journal ◽

10.37897/rmj.2021.3.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 327-337

Author(s):

Andreea Raluca Adam ◽

◽

Florinda Tinela Golu ◽

Keyword(s):

Elder Abuse ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Medical Personnel ◽

Prevalence Studies ◽

Summary Estimate ◽

Effective Strategies ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Prevalence Estimates ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Comprehensive Search

Depression among medical personnel is recognized worldwide as a serious problem, yet quantitative syntheses of prevalence studies are rare. We proceeded quantify and understand prevalence variation among physicians at the global levels. For this meta-analysis, we searched 6 databases, including: PsycINFO, Web of Science, PubMed, ProQuest using a comprehensive search strategy to identify prevalence of the physicians’ depression studies in the literature, published from inception of 1979. Studies reporting estimates of depression prevalence in physicians were included in the analyses. Studies quality was assessed with a prevalence risk of bias tool. Meta-regression was used to explore heterogeneity of the moderators we included in the analysis. Of the 3,156 studies initially identified, 33 were eligible for inclusion. These studies were geographically diverse (15 countries). The pooled prevalence rate for overall elder abuse was .243 (CI [.188; .306]; p<.001). Meta-analysis of studies that included overall abuse revealed heterogeneity. Significant associations were found between overall prevalence estimates and region, but not for sampling allocation and severity of depression. In this meta-analysis, the summary estimate of the prevalence of depression among physicians is 24.3%, ranging from 2% to 65.3 % depending on the region from the studies. Further research is needed to identify effective strategies for preventing and treating depression among physicians.

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Prevalence of chronic pain after spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine ◽

10.1136/rapm-2020-101960 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. rapm-2020-101960

Author(s):

Christine Hunt ◽

Rajat Moman ◽

Ashley Peterson ◽

Rachel Wilson ◽

Stephen Covington ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Spinal Cord ◽

Spinal Cord Injury ◽

Chronic Pain ◽

Classification System ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Cord Injury ◽

Prevalence Estimates

BackgroundThe reported prevalence of chronic pain after spinal cord injury (SCI) varies widely due, in part, to differences in the taxonomy of chronic pain. A widely used classification system is available to describe subcategories of chronic pain in SCI, but the prevalence of chronic pain in SCI based on this system is unknown.ObjectiveThe primary objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the prevalence of chronic pain after SCI based on the International Spinal Cord Injury Pain (ISCIP) classification system.Evidence reviewA comprehensive search of databases from January 1980 to August 2019 was conducted. The risk of bias was assessed using a modified tool developed for uncontrolled studies. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach was used to assess certainty in prevalence estimates.FindingsA total of 1305 records were screened, and 37 studies met inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of overall chronic pain was 68% (95% CI 63% to 73%). The pooled prevalence of neuropathic pain in 13 studies was 58% (95% CI 49% to 68%); the pooled prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in 11 studies was 56% (95% CI 41% to 70%); the pooled prevalence of visceral pain in 8 studies was 20% (95% CI 11% to 29%) and the pooled prevalence of nociceptive pain in 2 studies was 45% (95% CI 13% to 78%). Meta-regression of risk of bias (p=0.20), traumatic versus non-traumatic etiology of injury (p=0.59), and studies where pain was a primary outcome (p=0.32) demonstrated that these factors were not significant moderators of heterogeneity. Certainty in prevalence estimates was judged to be low due to unexplained heterogeneity.ConclusionThis systematic review and meta-analysis extends the findings of previous studies by reporting the prevalence of chronic pain after SCI based on the ISCIP classification system, thereby reducing clinical heterogeneity in the reporting of pain prevalence related to SCI.

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A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of characterization of canine parvoviruses 2 prevalent in mainland China

Virology Journal ◽

10.1186/s12985-020-01462-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bo Dong ◽

Gaoqiang Zhang ◽

Jiajia Zhang ◽

Junyu Bai ◽

Weiming Lin

Keyword(s):

English Literature ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Mainland China ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Diagnostic Methods ◽

Forest Plot ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Background Canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) is a pathogenic virus that infects dogs, causing a highly infectious disease. Monitoring CPV-2 spread is an important part of prevention; however, the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of CPV-2 have not been systematically evaluated and analyzed in mainland China. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to assess prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of CPV-2 in domestic dogs in mainland China. Methods In this study, Chinese and English literature on CPV-2 epidemiology published between January 2006 and December 2019 was evaluated. Regarding meta-analysis, the random-effect model was employed by forest plot with 95% of confidence interval. The number of CPV-2 infections was identified and the pooled prevalence of infection, as well as the epidemiological characteristics, was calculated using meta-analysis. Results A total of 39 studies (data from 137,844 dogs) met the evaluation criteria and were used in our study. The pooled prevalence of CPV-2 infection in mainland China was 36%. CPV-2 infection were associated with age, breed, sampling season and immunization status, but not with gender, publication time and diagnostic methods. Conclusions Our results indicated that CPV-2 is prevalent among dogs in China. It is therefore necessary to carry out continuous surveillance and epidemiological studies of CPV-2. In addition, accordingly, effective measures should be taken to prevent the transmission and spread of CPV-2 among the Chinese dog population.

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Prevalence of dog-mediated rabies in Ethiopia: a systematic review and Meta-analysis from 2010 to 2020

One Health Outlook ◽

10.1186/s42522-021-00046-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shiret Belete ◽

Melke Meseret ◽

Haileyesus Dejene ◽

Ayalew Assefa

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Subgroup Analysis ◽

Addis Ababa ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Human Rabies ◽

Individual Study ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Prevalence Estimates ◽

Vaccination Campaigns

Abstract Background Ethiopia accommodates the second largest number of human rabies deaths in Africa. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize and pool estimates of dog-mediated rabies status in Ethiopia. Methods Published researches between 2010 and 2020 were comprehensively searched and the required information was extracted. The prevalence was estimated using the random-effects meta-analysis because higher heterogeneity between studies was expected. Results The pooled estimate of rabies was 32% (95% CI: 19–46%), with individual study prevalence estimates ranged from 1 to 78%. Studies were approximately weighted equally with individual weight ranging from 5.19–5.28%. Subgroup analysis indicated that the random pooled prevalence of rabies was 28% (95% CI: 0–81%) in animals and 33% (95% CI: 20–47%) in humans. Furthermore, a subgroup analysis across regions indicated that the pooled prevalence was 78% in Addis Ababa, 46% in Oromia, 40% in Tigray and 5% in Amhara regional states. No single study was reported from the country’s eastern and southern parts to be included in this meta-analysis. Conclusion The estimated pooled rabies prevalence was found high and showed varying among study regions. Therefore, focusing on mass dog vaccination campaigns and public awareness should be implemented to control the disease.

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