scholarly journals Multiobjective Site Selection Model for Emergency Shelter Facilities in Urban Areas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo-Chi Yen ◽  
Weid Chang ◽  
Wu-Chiao Shih
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Location Model ◽  
Emergency Shelter ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Facility Locations ◽  
Random Weights ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Factors ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Industrial and economic development is primarily applied to densely populated urban areas. If a sudden disaster occurs in such areas, the consequences can be severe. Shelter facility location affects the implementation of postdisaster relief work. This study explored residents’ perceived utility of evacuation time, their risk utility for road blocking, and the cost factors associated with constructing shelter facilities in the context of governance. A location model for emergency shelter facilities in cities was established on the basis of the aforementioned factors. Because the resolution of the random-weighted genetic algorithm (RWGA) is susceptible to influence from random weights, a robustness random-weighted method (RRWM) was developed. The validity and feasibility of the location model were examined through numerical analysis. Finally, the convergence of the RRWM was analyzed and compared with that of the RWGA and a single-objective genetic algorithm. The results revealed that the proposed algorithm exhibited satisfactory performance and can assist in evaluation and decision-making related to the selection of urban shelter facility locations.

scholarly journals Features of calculations of the limit cost of high-rise constructions for housing and civil purposes with the use of consolidated standards

2018 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 05037
Author(s):  
Andrei Ovsiannikov ◽  
Anna Vorotyntseva ◽  
Vladimir Bolgov
Keyword(s):  
Cost Of Capital ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Price Determination ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Additional Correction ◽  
Capital Construction ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Factors ◽  
Initial Price ◽  
Selection Of

When determining the cost of capital construction objects, for purposes of pre-investment workings out and purposes of initial maximum initial price determination on tenders, construction price norms are used (CPNs). Modern CPNs are not designed to determine the value of high-rise buildings. It is necessary to adapt modern CPNs to get opportunity for the possibility to take into account special cost factors in determining the cost of high-rise buildings. The main ways can be: selection of new representative objects or application of additional correction factors.

The Problem of Using and Measurement of Identifiable Ground Control Points on High Resolution Aerial Images

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-144
Author(s):  
Zdzisław Kurczyński ◽  
Krzysztof Bakuła ◽  
Magdalena Pilarska ◽  
Wojciech Ostrowski
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Linear Type ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Image Orientation ◽  
Point Type ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract This paper shows the influence of the selection of photogrammetric control points as natural, identifiable points instead of signalized, premarked control points on the results of aerial triangulation of high-resolution aerial images with GSD below 10 cm. In the experiment, different selections of controls were tested using point-type and linear-type points with measurement of their centre or corner. In the experiment, 2 blocks with GSD of 5 and 10 cm were selected using the same measurements in 4 tested approaches with sets of natural identifiable points used by comparing the result with the reference variant. The experiment proves the possibility of using natural controls instead of premarked controls for images of urban areas. This can significantly reduce the cost of photogrammetric missions in urban areas where it is easy to find uniquely identifiable control points that can be used for image orientation.

Selection of Heat Treat Process for Optimum Gear Design

2000 ◽  
pp. 185-188
Keyword(s):  
Material Selection ◽  
Material Design ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Gear Design ◽  
Successful Design ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Design And Manufacture ◽  
Cost Factors ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The successful design and manufacture of gears are influenced largely by design requirements, material selection, and proper heat treatment. This chapter addresses the cost factors and tradeoffs involved in selecting a material, design features, and a heat treating process to optimize gear performance for a particular application.

scholarly journals Optimization of hydrometric monitoring network in urban drainage systems using information theory

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 1603-1613 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Yazdi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Optimal Monitoring ◽  
Shared Information ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

Regular and continuous monitoring of urban runoff in both quality and quantity aspects is of great importance for controlling and managing surface runoff. Due to the considerable costs of establishing new gauges, optimization of the monitoring network is essential. This research proposes an approach for site selection of new discharge stations in urban areas, based on entropy theory in conjunction with multi-objective optimization tools and numerical models. The modeling framework provides an optimal trade-off between the maximum possible information content and the minimum shared information among stations. This approach was applied to the main surface-water collection system in Tehran to determine new optimal monitoring points under the cost considerations. Experimental results on this drainage network show that the obtained cost-effective designs noticeably outperform the consulting engineers’ proposal in terms of both information contents and shared information. The research also determined the highly frequent sites at the Pareto front which might be important for decision makers to give a priority for gauge installation on those locations of the network.

Location Model of Public Parking Facilities Basing on the Optimal Total Social Cost

2012 ◽  
Vol 253-255 ◽  
pp. 175-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun You Ni ◽  
Xiao Dan Ma ◽  
Xiao Mei Xia
Keyword(s):  
Social Cost ◽  
Solution Space ◽  
Location Model ◽  
Location Selection ◽  
The Public ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Total Social Cost ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Factors ◽  
Parking Facilities

In order to optimize the location of public parking facilities based on the optimal total social cost, location selection and scale settings are considered as the main contents. By analyzing the cost factors and the restrictions, a location model of public parking facilities is formulated with the objective to minimize the total social cost. Under the assumption that the requirement distribution of the public parking is agreed to the Gravity Model, the optimization algorithm of the schemes selection is proposed to fully search the solution space. Finally, a numerical example is carried out to illustrate the proposed model and the algorithm.

scholarly journals Formation of costs of high-rise objects of housing and civil purpose based on enlarged norms

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 03036
Author(s):  
Anna Vorotyntseva ◽  
Andrei Ovsiannikov ◽  
Vladimir Bolgov
Keyword(s):  
Cost Of Capital ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Price Determination ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Additional Correction ◽  
Capital Construction ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Factors ◽  
Initial Price ◽  
Selection Of

When determining the cost of capital construction objects, for purposes of pre-design workings out and purposes of initial maximum initial price determination on tenders, construction price norms are used (CPNs). Modern CPNs are not designed to determine the value of high-rise buildings. It is necessary to adapt modern CPNs to get opportunity for the possibility to take into account special cost factors in determining the cost of high-rise buildings. The main ways can be: selection of new representative objects or application of additional correction factors.

scholarly journals Selection of a chipper technology for small-scale operations – a Finnish case

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 121-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juha Laitila ◽  
Robert Prinz ◽  
Lauri Sikanen
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Factors ◽  
Selection Of

The objective of this study was to determine the economic performance of alternative chipper choices for small-scale chipping based on unit cost (€ per chip-m3) and net present value (NPV) calculations. For the chipping cost and investment profitability analyses four tractor-powered professional or semi-professional disc chippers and two professional drum chippers mounted on a truck or powered by tractor were selected. Initial investment, operating costs, and the cost of outsourced chipping were the key elements for comparing the profitability of investment alternatives. The average purchase prices, cost factors, and technical details of the chipper units were acquired from machine dealers, specification sheets, a literature review, and interviews with chipping entrepreneurs. The results of the three tractor-powered professional chippers involved in the comparison were very close to each other. The profitable running of a truck-mounted drum chipper calls for high annual chipping volumes: the chipper type is therefore a feasible choice for an entrepreneur in large-scale chipping. Semi-professional disc chippers offer lower investment costs, but their economic feasibility is relatively poor.

Spatial Autocorrelation in the Study of Neighbourhoods towards Smart Cities: Empirical Evidence from Kerman, Iran

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Asra Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Autocorrelation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Moran’S I ◽  
Moran's I ◽  
Urban Planner ◽  
Universal Feature ◽  
Autocorrelation Method ◽  
Selection Of

From earliest cities to the present, spatial division into residential zones and neighbourhoods is the universal feature of urban areas. This study explored issue of measuring neighbourhoods through spatial autocorrelation method based on Moran's I index in respect of achieving to best neighbourhoods' model for forming cities smarter. The research carried out by selection of 35 neighbourhoods only within central part of traditional city of Kerman in Iran. The results illustrate, 75% of neighbourhoods' area in the inner city of Kerman had clustered pattern, and it shows reduction in Moran's index is associated with disproportional distribution of density and increasing in Moran's I and Z-score have monotonic relation with more dense areas and clustered pattern. It may be more efficient for urban planner to focus on spatial autocorrelation to foster neighbourhood cohesion rather than emphasis on suburban area. It is recommended characteristics of historic neighbourhoods can be successfully linked to redevelopment plans toward making city smarter, and also people's quality of life can be related to the way that neighbourhoods' patterns are defined. 

Feature selection of the armature winding broken coils in synchronous motor using genetic algorithm and mahalanobis distance

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 829-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Głowacz ◽  
J. Kozik
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Feature Selection ◽  
Mahalanobis Distance ◽  
Distance Measure ◽  
Synchronous Motor ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
Motor Current ◽  
Feature Spaces ◽  
Multidimensional Feature Spaces ◽  
Selection Of

The paper describes a procedure for automatic selection of symptoms accompanying the break in the synchronous motor armature winding coils. This procedure, called the feature selection, leads to choosing from a full set of features describing the problem, such a subset that would allow the best distinguishing between healthy and damaged states. As the features the spectra components amplitudes of the motor current signals were used. The full spectra of current signals are considered as the multidimensional feature spaces and their subspaces are tested. Particular subspaces are chosen with the aid of genetic algorithm and their goodness is tested using Mahalanobis distance measure. The algorithm searches for such a subspaces for which this distance is the greatest. The algorithm is very efficient and, as it was confirmed by research, leads to good results. The proposed technique is successfully applied in many other fields of science and technology, including medical diagnostics.

Determination of the minimum number of technological bases of a part

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-75
Author(s):  
B.M. Bazrov ◽  
T.M. Gaynutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Cost Price ◽  
Labor Input ◽  
Part Surface ◽  
Technological Base ◽  
Size Accuracy ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Input Cost ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of technological bases is considered before the choice of the type of billet and the development of the route of the technological process. A technique is proposed for selecting the minimum number of sets of technological bases according to the criterion of equality in the cost price of manufacturing the part according to the principle of unity and combination of bases at this stage. Keywords: part, surface, coordinating size, accuracy, design and technological base, labor input, cost price. [email protected]

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