Dissipation Kinetics of Deltamethrin 10 EC in Capsicum (Capsicum Annum var. Frutescens) and Cropped Soil Under Field and Polyhouse Conditions

Abstract The dissipation behavior of deltamethrin 10 EC (Decis®) in capsicum (Capsicum annuum var. frutescens) grown in polyhouse and open field was investigated. Two sprays of deltamethrin 10 EC @ 15 and 30g a.i./ha (150 ml/ha -recommended and 300 ml/ha- double the recommended dose), respectively were applied at 10 days intervals, initiating at button sized fruit stage. Fruit samples were collected at 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 25 days after second spray and the soil samples were collected at final harvest for residue analyses. Modified QuEChERS multi-residue analysis showed initial residues of 0.976 and 1.161 mg/kg recorded at 15 and 30 g a.i./ha doses, respectively in polyhouse. The residues persisted upto 7th and 10th day, reaching below quantification limit (BQL) by 10th and 15th day, respectively at both the doses. In open field, the initial deposits recorded were 0.607 and 1.924 mg/kg reaching BQL on 5th and 7th day, respectively @ 15 and 30 g.a.i./ha. The comparative results showed that half life (syn. Dissipation time 50- DT50) for deltamethrin in capsicum fruits varied from 2.05–2.45 days in polyhouse. The corresponding values in open field were 1.51–1.86 days suggesting that dissipation of deltamethrin residues took longer time in controlled conditions than open field. The soil samples analysed at harvest contained no residues. The insecticide degradation followed the first order kinetics. Since, the insecticide is not recommended under capsicum in India; the data may help to fix maximum residue limit (MRL) and pre harvest interval (PHI).

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Role of pH on Metribuzin Dissipation in Field Soils

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s004317450006656x ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 508-511 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

James S. Ladlie ◽

William F. Meggitt ◽

Donald Penner

Keyword(s):

Soil Ph ◽

Half Life ◽

Residue Analysis ◽

Soil Samples ◽

First Order ◽

First Order Kinetics ◽

Field Soils ◽

Pseudo First Order

Metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazine-5(4H)one] residue analysis of soil samples showed greater amounts of residue extractable at soil pH 6.7 than 4.6. Metribuzin leaching increased with increasing soil pH. Metribuzin disappearance from soil followed pseudo first-order kinetics. The half-life of metribuzin decreased as soil pH increased and increased at all soil pH levels as depth of sampling increased. The decreased activity and decreased rate of metribuzin dissipation at lower soil pH is apparently due to protonation and increased adsorption.

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Kinetic of oxidation of methyl orange by vanadium(V) under conditions VO2+ and decavanadates coexist: Catalysis by Triton X-100 micellar medium

10.31221/osf.io/m9g7p ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Chem Int

Keyword(s):

Methyl Orange ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Vanadium Concentration ◽

Limiting Behavior ◽

First Order ◽

First Order Kinetics ◽

Ph Range ◽

Kinetic Pattern ◽

Triton X ◽

Kinetics Of

The kinetics of oxidation of methyl orange by vanadium(V) {V(V)} has been investigated in the pH range 2.3-3.79. In this pH range V(V) exists both in the form of decavanadates and VO2+. The kinetic results are distinctly different from the results obtained for the same reaction in highly acidic solution (pH < 1) where V(V) exists only in the form of VO2+. The reaction obeys first order kinetics with respect to methyl orange but the rate has very little dependence on total vanadium concentration. The reaction is accelerated by H+ ion but the dependence of rate on [H+] is less than that corresponding to first order dependence. The equilibrium between decavanadates and VO2+ explains the different kinetic pattern observed in this pH range. The reaction is markedly accelerated by Triton X-100 micelles. The rate-[surfactant] profile shows a limiting behavior indicative of a unimolecular pathway in the micellar pseudophase.

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Empirical Validation of a Biogas Plant Simulation Model and Analysis of Biogas Upgrading Potentials

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14092424 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (9) ◽

pp. 2424

Author(s):

Jan Martin Zepter ◽

Jan Engelhardt ◽

Tatiana Gabderakhmanova ◽

Mattia Marinelli

Keyword(s):

Simulation Model ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Biogas Plant ◽

Raw Material ◽

Biogas Upgrading ◽

Integrated Energy Systems ◽

First Order Kinetics ◽

Biogas Plants ◽

Plant Simulation ◽

Kinetics Of

Biogas plants may support the transformation towards renewable-based and integrated energy systems by providing dispatchable co-generation as well as opportunities for biogas upgrading or power-to-X conversion. In this paper, a simulation model that comprises the main dynamics of the internal processes of a biogas plant is developed. Based on first-order kinetics of the anaerobic digestion process, the biogas production of an input feeding schedule of raw material can be estimated. The output of the plant in terms of electrical and thermal energy is validated against empirical data from a 3-MW biogas plant on the Danish island of Bornholm. The results show that the model provides an accurate representation of the processes within a biogas plant. The paper further provides insights on the functioning of the biogas plant on Bornholm as well as discusses upgrading potentials of biogas to biomethane at the plant from an energy perspective.

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Comparative Study of Chemical Stability of Two H1Antihistaminic Drugs, Terfenadine and ItsIn VivoMetabolite Fexofenadine, Using LC-UV Methods

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2019/5790404 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Anna Gumieniczek ◽

Anna Berecka-Rycerz ◽

Rafał Pietraś ◽

Izabela Kozak ◽

Karolina Lejwoda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Chemical Stability ◽

First Order ◽

First Order Kinetics ◽

Kinetics Of Degradation ◽

Effects Of Temperature ◽

High Doses ◽

Antihistaminic Drugs ◽

Kinetics Of

A comparative study of chemical stability of terfenadine (TER) and itsin vivometabolite fexofenadine (FEX) was performed. Both TER and FEX were subjected to high temperature at different pH and UV/VIS light at different pH and then quantitatively analyzed using new validated LC-UV methods. These methods were used to monitor the degradation processes and to determine the kinetics of degradation for both the compounds. As far as the effects of temperature and pH were concerned, FEX occurred more sensitive to degradation than TER. As far as the effects of UV/VIS light and pH were concerned, the both drugs were similarly sensitive to high doses of light. Using all stress conditions, the processes of degradation of TER and FEX followed the first-order kinetics. The results obtained for these two antihistaminic drugs could be helpful in developing their new derivatives with higher activity and stability at the same time.

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Determination of multiple organochlorine pesticide residues in shrimp using modified QuEChERS extraction and gas chromatography

SAARC Journal of Agriculture ◽

10.3329/sja.v16i1.37425 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 81-93

Author(s):

MDH Prodhan ◽

SN Alam

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Organochlorine Pesticide ◽

Pesticide Residues ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Residue Analysis ◽

Limit Of Quantification ◽

Modified Quechers ◽

Endosulfan Sulphate ◽

Organochlorine Pesticide Residues

Determination of organochlorine pesticide residues in shrimp is very important to ensure the consumer’s safety and to fulfill the importer’s demand. Therefore, a simple and efficient multiple organochlorine pesticide residues analytical method using quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) extraction technique and Gas Chromatography coupled with Electron Capture Detector (ECD) has been developed and validated for the determination of 19 organochlorine pesticides (α- BHC, δ- BHC, β- BHC, γ- BHC, Heptachlor, Aldrin, Heptachlor Epoxide, γ- Chlordane, α- Chlordane, α- Endosulfan, 4,4 DDE, Dieldrin, Endrin, 4,4 DDD, β- Endosulfan, 4,4 DDT, Endosulfan sulphate, Methoxychlor, and Endrin Ketone) in shrimp. The method was validated by evaluating the accuracy, precision, linearity, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ). The average recoveries of the selected pesticides ranged from 84% to 106% with RSDr ≤ 14% in four fortification levels of 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg kg-1. The linearity was ≥ 0.996 for all of the selected pesticides with matrix matched calibration standards. The LOD ranged from 0.003 to 0.009 mg kg-1 and the LOQ was 0.05 mg kg-1. This method was applied successfully for the residue analysis of 40 shrimp samples collected from different regions in Bangladesh.SAARC J. Agri., 16(1): 81-93 (2018)

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Kinetics of diuron under aerobic condition and residue analysis in sugarcane under subtropical field conditions

Environmental Technology ◽

10.1080/09593330.2017.1380709 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 86-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Shishir Tandon ◽

Ravi Pant

Keyword(s):

Residue Analysis ◽

Aerobic Condition ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Kinetics Of

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On the Mechanism of Methane Conversion in the Nonсatalytic Processes of Its Thermal Pyrolysis and Steam and Carbon Dioxide Reforming

Petroleum Chemistry ◽

10.1134/s0965544121110037 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

E. Busillo ◽

V. I. Savchenko ◽

V. S. Arutyunov

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Methane Conversion ◽

Carbon Dioxide Reforming ◽

Temperature Range ◽

Thermal Pyrolysis ◽

First Order Kinetics ◽

Initial Stage ◽

Conversion Of Methane ◽

Exponential Factors ◽

Kinetics Of

Abstract A detailed kinetic modeling of the noncatalytic processes of thermal pyrolysis and steam and carbon dioxide reforming of methane revealed almost completely identical kinetics of the methane conversion in these processes. This suggests that, in the temperature range 1400–1800 K, the initial stage of conversion of methane in all these processes is its thermal pyrolysis. The modeling results agree well with the experimental data on methane pyrolysis. For the temperature range examined, the Arrhenius expressions (pre-exponential factors and activation energy) were obtained in the first-order kinetics approximation for the rate of methane conversion in the processes studied. The expressions derived may be useful for making preliminary estimates and carrying out engineering calculations.

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Dye removal abilities of the mesophilic and thermophilic biomass: a kinetics study

Global NEST Journal ◽

10.30955/gnj.002608 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 408-416

Keyword(s):

Intraparticle Diffusion ◽

Second Order ◽

Intraparticle Diffusion Model ◽

First Order Kinetics ◽

Different Types ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Acidic Conditions ◽

Red Dye ◽

Experimental Kinetics ◽

Kinetics Of

Mesophilic biomass and thermophilic biomass samples were isolated and used to remove Dorasyn Red dye from aqueous solutions. The biosorption kinetics of dye uptake by four different types of biomass at three temperatures (20, 30, and 40 °C) were investigated using pseudo-first order kinetics, pseudo-second order kinetics, intraparticle diffusion, Elovich, and Bangham models. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model and the first stage of the intraparticle diffusion model were effective in describing the experimental kinetics data. The biosorption results showed that the mesophilic biomass samples could be useful for removing dye under acidic conditions.

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The Environmental Risk Assessment of Herbicide Anilofos on Various Chinese Cultivated Soils

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.356-360.1786 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 356-360 ◽

pp. 1786-1789 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yi Hua Liu ◽

Fu Bin Tang ◽

Guo Nian Zhu

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Environmental Risk ◽

Environmental Fate ◽

Glass Plate ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Adsorption Coefficient ◽

Leaching Behavior ◽

First Order ◽

First Order Kinetics

Anilofos is the organophosphorus herbicide widely used in China. However, little is known on the processes governing the environmental fate of anilofos in soils and its environmental risk for groundwater. Several environmental fate studies were performed concerning the degradation, sorption, photolysis and mobility of anilofos in soils. The degradation of anilofos in three Chinese soil samples followed first-order kinetics, with half-lives between 64.2 d-161.2 d. The adsorption coefficient (KF) values for the three soils were 10.67 (loam), 31.29 (clay) and 11.63 (sand). No notable photolysis of anilofos occurred on soil surface. Leaching tests, performed in manually packed soil glass-plate, indicated that anilofos moved very slowly on the three types of soil thin layer. Thus, the leaching behavior of anilofos coincided well with the results of the batch sorption and degradation experiments. The data generated from this study could be helpful for risk assessment studies of the pesticide in the environment.

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