scholarly journals Change of Functioning in Persons With Severe Musculoskeletal Injuries Over Time: A Multilevel Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Usinger ◽  
Sandra Kus ◽  
Stefan Simmel ◽  
Michaela Coenen
Keyword(s):  
Inpatient Rehabilitation ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Whodas 2.0 ◽  
Treatment Targets ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) 2.0 as a generic assessment instrument to collect data on functioning and disability. The questionnaire was developed specifically to capture the activities and participation domain as defined by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Evidence on the most relevant factors predicting WHODAS 2.0 outcome in the context of musculoskeletal injuries are controversial. This study aims to assess change in functioning of patients with severe musculoskeletal injuries undergoing inpatient rehabilitation over time.Methods: A longitudinal multicentre study was conducted, following up 571 participants with severe musculoskeletal injuries over the course of a first inpatient rehabilitation stay until 3 months after discharge. At admission, data on sociodemographic, health-related aspects, functioning and contextual factors were collected. WHODAS 2.0 assessed functioning. Data were analysed using a multilevel model approach.Results: The mean WHODAS 2.0 declined from admission to discharge and 3-month follow-up, indicating an improvement in functioning. Multilevel analyses revealed age, duration of inpatient rehabilitation, severity of the injury, injury localizations, number of comorbidities, emotional functioning, pain, being informed about the injury, subjective prognosis on return to work and agreement on treatment targets as factors influencing change in functioning over time.Conclusions: In a rehabilitation setting, a healthcare professional can promote an increase in functioning, for example, by ensuring that there are treatment targets defined and agreed on with the patient and that the patient feels sufficiently informed about the injury. The identified factors could potentially be used for a short screening at admission to rehabilitation to estimate the patient’s change of functioning over time. Trial registration number and date of registration: DRKS00014857; July 04, 2018.

Using ICF-CY WHO principles to guide rehabilitation following sudden cardiac arrest in an adolescent with ALCAPA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Emily L. Wang ◽  
Renat Sukhov
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Inpatient Rehabilitation ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Disability And Health ◽  
Health Organization

This case report details the complex rehabilitation of an adolescent patient with congenital heart disease with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) who presented with a sudden cardiac arrest. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth, World Health Organization (ICF-CY WHO) principles were used to guide the course of the patient’s acute inpatient rehabilitation.

Sixth Edition: the New Standard

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Brigham ◽  
Robert D. Rondinelli ◽  
Elizabeth Genovese ◽  
Craig Uejo ◽  
Marjorie Eskay-Auerbach
Keyword(s):  
Review Process ◽  
Peer Review Process ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Revision Process ◽  
Sixth Edition ◽  
Impairment Ratings ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Impairment Severity

Abstract The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Sixth Edition, was published in December 2007 and is the result of efforts to enhance the relevance of impairment ratings, improve internal consistency, promote precision, and simplify the rating process. The revision process was designed to address shortcomings and issues in previous editions and featured an open, well-defined, and tiered peer review process. The principles underlying the AMA Guides have not changed, but the sixth edition uses a modified conceptual framework based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF), a comprehensive model of disablement developed by the World Health Organization. The ICF classifies domains that describe body functions and structures, activities, and participation; because an individual's functioning and disability occur in a context, the ICF includes a list of environmental factors to consider. The ICF classification uses five impairment classes that, in the sixth edition, were developed into diagnosis-based grids for each organ system. The grids use commonly accepted consensus-based criteria to classify most diagnoses into five classes of impairment severity (normal to very severe). A figure presents the structure of a typical diagnosis-based grid, which includes ranges of impairment ratings and greater clarity about choosing a discreet numerical value that reflects the impairment.

The Historical Development of Burden of Treatment Compliance

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 13-15
Author(s):  
Stephen L. Demeter
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Sixth Edition ◽  
Burden Of Treatment ◽  
Specific Goal ◽  
Surrogate Measure ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract A long-standing criticism of the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides) has been the inequity between the internal medicine ratings and the orthopedic ratings; in the comparison, internal medicine ratings appear inflated. A specific goal of the AMA Guides, Sixth Edition, was to diminish, where possible, those disparities. This led to the use of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health from the World Health Organization in the AMA Guides, Sixth Edition, including the addition of the burden of treatment compliance (BOTC). The BOTC originally was intended to allow rating internal medicine conditions using the types and numbers of medications as a surrogate measure of the severity of a condition when other, more traditional methods, did not exist or were insufficient. Internal medicine relies on step-wise escalation of treatment, and BOTC usefully provides an estimate of impairment based on the need to be compliant with treatment. Simplistically, the need to take more medications may indicate a greater impairment burden. BOTC is introduced in the first chapter of the AMA Guides, Sixth Edition, which clarifies that “BOTC refers to the impairment that results from adhering to a complex regimen of medications, testing, and/or procedures to achieve an objective, measurable, clinical improvement that would not occur, or potentially could be reversed, in the absence of compliance.

scholarly journals Azithromycin Reduction to Reach Elimination of Trachoma (ARRET): study protocol for a cluster randomized trial of stopping mass azithromycin distribution for trachoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdou Amza ◽  
Boubacar Kadri ◽  
Beido Nassirou ◽  
Ahmed M. Arzika ◽  
Ariana Austin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cluster Randomized Trial ◽  
World Health ◽  
Baseline Assessment ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends annual mass azithromycin distribution until districts drop below 5% prevalence of trachomatous inflammation—follicular (TF). Districts with very low TF prevalence may have little or no transmission of the ocular strains of Chlamydia trachomatis that cause trachoma, and additional rounds of mass azithromycin distribution may not be useful. Here, we describe the protocol for a randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate whether mass azithromycin distribution can be stopped prior to the current WHO guidelines. Methods The Azithromycin Reduction to Reach Elimination of Trachoma (ARRET) study is a 1:1 community randomized non-inferiority trial designed to evaluate whether mass azithromycin distribution can be stopped in districts with baseline prevalence of TF under 20%. Communities in Maradi, Niger are randomized after baseline assessment either to continued annual mass azithromycin distribution or stopping annual azithromycin distribution over a 3-year period. We will compare the prevalence of ocular C. trachomatis (primary outcome), TF and other clinical signs of trachoma, and serologic markers of trachoma after 3 years. We hypothesize that stopping annual azithromycin distribution will be non-inferior to continued annual azithromycin distributions for all markers of trachoma prevalence and transmission. Discussion The results of this trial are anticipated to provide potentially guideline-changing evidence for when mass azithromycin distributions can be stopped in low TF prevalence areas. Trial registration number This study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04185402). Registered December 4, 2019; prospectively registered pre-results.

scholarly journals Comparison of tolerability between quetiapine and haloperidol in schizophrenia

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Naba Raj Koirala ◽  
Manisha Chapagain ◽  
Pratikchya Tulachan ◽  
Siquafa Zafreen
Keyword(s):  
Safety Profile ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Typical Antipsychotic ◽  
Mental Health Systems ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Health Organization

Schizophrenia is a serious, disabling, often lifetime condition, which can produce severe functional impairment in patients. The life time morbidity risk for schizophrenia is estimated to be 1% and account for 2.8% of the total global YLDs. The World Health Organization Assessment Instrument for Mental Health Systems report of 2006 done in Nepal states in Nepal states that 12% of the patients are diagnosed as schizophrenia in out-patient mental facilities, 14% in community based psychiatry inpatient units and 34% in mental hospital. Atypical antipsychotics are the first line agents recommended for the treatment of schizophrenia considering better efficacy at least in the negative symptoms and better side-effect profile compared with typical antipsychotic. Haloperidol has been used as a standard comparator in numerous trials and new drugs have been compared to it to establish their efficacy, and safety profile. As the authors could not find out any such study which had compared the safety profile of quetipine against conventional antipsychotic, hence this present study is purposed to carry as an attempt to address this issue among Nepalese population.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jonmc.v1i1.7289 Journal of Nobel Medical College Vol.1(1) 2011 59-64

scholarly journals Cross-cultural adaptation and validation to Brazil of the Obesity-related Problems Scale

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-333
Author(s):  
Andreia Mara Brolezzi Brasil ◽  
Fábio Brasil ◽  
Angélica Aparecida Maurício ◽  
Regina Maria Vilela
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
World Health ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Cross Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Whodas 2.0 ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT Objective To validate a reliable version of the Obesity-related Problems Scale in Portuguese to use it in Brazil. Methods The Obesity-related Problems Scale was translated and transculturally adapted. Later it was simultaneously self-applied with a 12-item version of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0), to 50 obese patients and 50 non-obese individuals, and applied again to half of them after 14 days. Results The Obesity-related Problems scale was able to differentiate obese from non-obese individuals with higher accuracy than WHODAS 2.0, correlating with this scale and with body mass index. The factor analysis determined a two-dimensional structure, which was confirmed with χ2/df=1.81, SRMR=0.05, and CFI=0.97. The general a coefficient was 0.90 and the inter-item intra-class correlation, in the reapplication, ranged from 0.75 to 0.87. Conclusion The scale proved to be valid and reliable for use in the Brazilian population, without the need to exclude items.

Functioning in Schizophrenia: Similarities and Differences Between Clinical, Patient and Expert Perspectives

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S105-S105
Author(s):  
M. Barrios ◽  
G. Guilera ◽  
O. Pino ◽  
E. Rojo ◽  
S. Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Disability And Health ◽  
Clinical Patient ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Icf Core Sets

IntroductionIn 2001, the World Health Organization (WHO) created the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) to offer a comprehensive and universally accepted framework to describe functioning, disability and health. The ICF Core Sets (ICF-CS) are a selection of categories that serve as a minimal standard for the assessment of functioning and disability in a specific health condition. The ICF-CS for schizophrenia was created in 2015 based on four preliminary studies that intend to capture different perspectives.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to describe the similarities (i.e. overlap) and discrepancies (i.e. unique contribution) between the clinical, patient and expert perspectives on the most relevant problems in functioning of individuals with schizophrenia, being focused on the European WHO region.MethodsForty-four experts from 14 European countries participated in an expert survey, patients with schizophrenia were involved in four focus groups, and health professionals assessed 127 patients in relation to daily life functioning. Information gathered from these three preliminary studies was linked to the ICF.ResultsData showed that although a considerable number of second-level ICF categories agreed on the three preparatory studies (n = 54, 27.7%), each perspective provided a unique set of ICF categories. Specifically, experts reported 65 unique ICF categories, patients 23 and health professionals 11.ConclusionsEven though there were similarities between perspectives, each one underlined different areas of functioning, showing the importance of including different perspectives in order to get a complete view of functioning and disability in individuals with schizophrenia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Using the ICF-CY to Support Inclusive Education in Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiana Okyere ◽  
Catherine Donnelly ◽  
Heather Michelle Aldersey
Keyword(s):  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The World ◽  
Education In Ghana ◽  
Health Organization

The international classification of functioning, disability, and health for children and youth (ICF-CY) developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) is a framework for understanding concepts of disability specific to children and youth. This framework has been used in countries around the world to support the education of children with disabilities. In this article, we argue that the ICF-CY has the potential to inform and support Ghana’s education system and to improve the implementation of education for children with disabilities, particularly inclusive education, in Ghana. Specifically, we use children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) as an exemplar to examine how the ICF-CY can support inclusive education for children with disabilities within its main components: Body Functions and Structures, Activities and Participation, Environmental Factors, and Personal Factors. Examining the ICF-CY in these areas is significant, as many similar low- and middle-income contexts have yet to adopt the framework and may draw insights and lessons for its significance in educational contexts.

scholarly journals Attribution of non-ClinicalTrials.gov registries among WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform-registered trials from 2014 to 2018: A protocol for a meta-epidemiological study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Banno ◽  
Yasushi Tsujimoto ◽  
Yuki Kataoka
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
World Health ◽  
Study Phase ◽  
Target Sample Size ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Clinical Trials Registry

Background. The attribution of non-ClinicalTrials.gov registries among registered trials of the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) had increased until 2013. However, the attribution after 2013 is unknown. Moreover, no study has investigated the usage of non-ClinicalTrials.gov registries after 2015 or compared the characteristics of trials under non-ClinicalTrials.gov and ClinicalTrials.gov registries. Methods. This will be a meta-epidemiological study. It will include all trials registered on the ICTRP from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2018. First, we will describe the total attribution of non-ClinicalTrials.gov registries among the ICTRP-registered trials for each year and each registry worldwide. Second, we will compare the recruitment status, target sample size, study type, study design, countries, prospective registration, funding, and study phase of the trials on ClinicalTrials.gov and other registries from 2014 to 2018. Third, we will report on the distribution of primary registries of trials from the top five countries in order of the quantity of registered trials on the ICTRP. Ethics & Dissemination. Ethics approval is not required for this study. This protocol has been registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR). The findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and may be presented at conferences. Trial Registration Number. UMIN000034401

scholarly journals Geographical and temporal distribution of SARS-CoV-2 clades in the WHO European Region, January to June 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Alm ◽  
Eeva K Broberg ◽  
Thomas Connor ◽  
Emma B Hodcroft ◽  
Andrey B Komissarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Data Dissemination ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
World Health ◽  
European Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Over Time

We show the distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) genetic clades over time and between countries and outline potential genomic surveillance objectives. We applied three genomic nomenclature systems to all sequence data from the World Health Organization European Region available until 10 July 2020. We highlight the importance of real-time sequencing and data dissemination in a pandemic situation, compare the nomenclatures and lay a foundation for future European genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2.

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