scholarly journals Compositional differences between preterm milk of different gestational ages with the term milk: a comparative lipidomic study by LC-MS/MS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-chun Zhao ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Chun-xue Liu ◽  
Dong-yong Yan ◽  
Ping Dong
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Mature Milk ◽  
Lipid Species ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Preterm Group

Abstract Background Studies are beginning to emerge on the important biological effects of the milk lipids exerted on the recipient infant, especially on the premature infants. The aim of this study was to comprehensively describe lipidomic differences between preterm milk of different gestational ages with the term milk over the course of lactation. Methods Breast milk samples were collected from 88 mothers giving birth prematurely and 39 mothers delivering at full-term (FT). Lipid profiles were assessed using an LC-MS/MS metabolomics strategy. Orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and pathway analysis were subsequently performed. Results The OPLS-DA score plots significantly distinguished the lipids in preterm milk of different gestation ages from their counterparts in term milk. The concentrations of 10 out of 43 lipid subclasses were found to be persistently higher in preterm compared to term milk over the course of lactation; the diacylglycerol (DAG) and a bioactive subclass fatty acid ester of hydroxyl fatty acid (FAHFA) contributed the most to the differences. In terms of individual lipid species, the ten highest substances found in very preterm (VPT) colostrum compared to FT colostrum mainly come from the phosphatidylethanolamine class and the DAG species. Lipid species from the free fatty acid and FAHFA classes were significantly higher in either extremely preterm (EPT) or VPT mature milk (variable importance in projection > 1, P < 0.0001 for all). The differential lipids between each preterm group and its term counterpart were predicted to be mainly involved in six metabolic pathways, including glycerophospholipid metabolism, glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis, linoleic acid metabolism, alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism and glycerolipid metabolism. Conclusions The lipids in preterm and term milk showed substantial differences, which may be critical for postnatal growth, as well as the neural and immune development of newborns, especially EPT and VPT.

The molecular biology of mammalian arachidonic acid metabolism

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (2) ◽  
pp. L13-L28 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Sigal
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Wide Range

The metabolism of arachidonic acid by cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase enzymes results in a wide range of oxidized products with potent biological activities. These metabolites, which include the prostaglandins and leukotrienes, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of inflammatory diseases. Research over the last decade has focused primarily on the elucidation of the chemical structure of the metabolites and their biological effects in vitro and in vivo. Recently, research on the enzymes that produce these bioactive metabolites through oxidization of arachidonic acid has intensified. Recombinant DNA techniques have enabled investigators to determine the nucleotide sequences for several of the enzymes in the arachidonic acid cascade. The resulting cDNAs are now being used to further investigate the biochemical and biological features of arachidonic acid metabolism. The purpose of this paper is to review how the cDNAs for these enzymes were obtained, what information they convey, and how they are being applied in current research.

Fatty Acid Metabolism in Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Either Rich in Linoleic or Alpha-Linolenic Acid

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wongsuthav ◽  
C. Yuangklang ◽  
K. Vasupen ◽  
J. Mitchaotha ◽  
A. Alhaidary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid

Multiple biological effects of inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism on human keratinocytes

2002 ◽  
Vol 293 (12) ◽  
pp. 626-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Pacherník ◽  
Aleš Hampl ◽  
Karel Souček ◽  
Martina Kovaříková ◽  
Zdeněk Andrysík ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Metabolism

Potential role for arachidonic acid and eicosanoids in modulating progesterone secretion by ovine chorionic cells

1993 ◽  
Vol 128 (5) ◽  
pp. 478-484
Author(s):  
MP de la Llosa-Hermier ◽  
C Fernandez ◽  
J Martal ◽  
C Hermier
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid ◽  
Eicosatrienoic Acid ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Dual Effect ◽  
Stimulatory Action ◽  
Progesterone Secretion

The present study was conducted to investigate whether arachidonic acid and its metabolites can modulate progesterone (P4) secretion in ovine chorionic cells. At concentrations of 7.5 μmol/l and 12.5 μmol/l, arachidonic acid caused an increase of basal P4 secretion (about 1.8-fold (p< 0.01) and 2.5-fold (p<0.001), respectively, over control). Such a stimulatory effect was suppressed when the concentration of arachidonic acid attained 25 μmol/l, and at 50 μmol/l the fatty acid led to a decline of basal P4 synthesis (about 35%, p <0.01). Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and melittin had a similar dual effect to that observed when arachidonic acid was added exogenously. In contrast, eicosatrienoic acid (a closely related fatty acid) did not stimulate P4 secretion but inhibited it at a concentration of 50 μmol/l (about 40% inhibition, p <0.01). The possible involvement of calcium on the effects of arachidonic acid was explored. Interestingly, 3 mmol/l ethylene glycol bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N,N′-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) and 10 μmol/l 8-N, N-diethylamino-octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate hydrochloride (TMB-8) further enhanced the steroidogenic effect of 12.5 μmol/l arachidonic acid (p<0.05 and p<0.01 vs the corresponding value in the absence of EGTA or TMB-8, respectively). In contrast, these agents failed to modify P4 secretion observed in the presence of 50 μmol/l arachidonic acid. We also tested the effect of inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolism via cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. Indomethacin (10 μmol/l) failed to block the effects of arachidonic acid, but nordihydroguaiaretic acid (10 μmol/l) prevented the stimulatory action of this fatty acid. Taken together, these data suggest that arachidonic acid and its metabolites (perhaps its lipoxygenated metabolites) may be important intracellular regulators of P4 secretion in ovine chorionic cells.

scholarly journals Untargeted metabolomics reveals the effect of lovastatin on steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head in rabbits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangnan Ren ◽  
Zixing Shao ◽  
Wu Fan ◽  
Zixuan Wang ◽  
Kaiyun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Sphingolipid Metabolism ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Abstract PURPOSE Lovastatin is an important medicine and it shows a significant effect against glucocorticoid-induced necrosis of the femoral head. This study aimed to investigate the effect of lovastatin on preventing necrosis of the femoral head of by serum metabolomics strategy. METHODS Adult healthy adult Japanese white rabbits were divided into three groups: control group, model group and drug group. The pathologic changes of femoral head were assessed with magnetic resonance imaging and microscope. Metabolomics based on UHPLC-MS/MS was used to analyze the collected serum sample. Data were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares-discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). All potential metabolites were identified by comparing with HMDB database, metlin database, lipid maps and chemspider database. RESULTS 11 potential biomarkers were noted and identified as potential biomarkers. The change of biomarkers suggested that lovastatin on preventing necrosis of the femoral head may affect glycerophospholipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism. CONCLUSION The study suggested that lovastatin could prevent the glucocorticoid-induced necrosis of the femoral head of rabbits. The possible reasons were closely associated with adjusting the lipid metabolism, inhibiting adipogenesis and delaying the osteocyte apoptosis.

scholarly journals Untargeted metabolomics reveals the effect of lovastatin on steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head in rabbits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangnan Ren ◽  
Zixing Shao ◽  
Wu Fan ◽  
Zixuan Wang ◽  
Kaiyun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Sphingolipid Metabolism ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Abstract PURPOSE Lovastatin is an important medicine and it shows a significant effect against glucocorticoid-induced necrosis of the femoral head. This study aimed to investigate the effect of lovastatin on preventing necrosis of the femoral head of by serum metabolomics strategy. METHODS Adult healthy adult Japanese white rabbits were divided into three groups: control group, model group and drug group. The pathologic changes of femoral head were assessed with magnetic resonance imaging and microscope. Metabolomics based on UHPLC-MS/MS was used to analyze the collected serum sample. Data were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares-discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). All potential metabolites were identified by comparing with HMDB database, metlin database, lipid maps and chemspider database. RESULTS 11 potential biomarkers were noted and identified as potential biomarkers. The change of biomarkers suggested that lovastatin on preventing necrosis of the femoral head may affect glycerophospholipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism. CONCLUSION The study suggested that lovastatin could prevent the glucocorticoid-induced necrosis of the femoral head of rabbits. The possible reasons were closely associated with adjusting the lipid metabolism, inhibiting adipogenesis and delaying the osteocyte apoptosis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document