scholarly journals Semen Parameters Are Seriously Affected in Acephalic Spermatozoa Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-juan Ying ◽  
Qing-ting Liu ◽  
Lin Yu ◽  
Tingting Yang ◽  
Ying-bi Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Semen Volume ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effect of acephalic spermatozoa syndrome on sperm quality in semen with different proportions of headless sperm.Design: Case control study.Setting: Andrology Laboratory.Patient(s): A total of 391 patients with headless sperm and 400 prenatal examination patients with no headless sperm who underwent semen analysis at the andrology laboratory.Intervention(s): None.Main Outcome Measure(s): The correlation of the proportion of headless sperm in semen with semen parameters.Result(s): All semen parameters except the semen volume were negatively (P<0.05) correlated with the proportion of headless sperm in the semen. The semen samples were divided into three groups based on the proportion of headless sperm (PHS) as follows: 0<PHS≤10% (n=249, group A), 10<PHS≤20% (n=71, group B) and PHS>20% (n=71, group C). Nearly all semen parameters were significantly lower in group B and group C than in the control group (P<0.05). However, in group A, only the vitality and motility parameters were lower than those of the control group.Conclusion(s): Semen samples containing headless sperm tend to have lower semen parameters than samples without headless sperm. Increases in the proportion of headless sperm in semen samples are associated with decreases in semen quality.

scholarly journals Testicular shear wave elastography in oligo-astheno-teratozoospermic individuals: a prospective case–control study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester Illiano ◽  
Francesco Trama ◽  
Antonio Ruffo ◽  
Giuseppe Romeo ◽  
Filippo Riccardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Prospective Case Control Study

Abstract Purpose The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the testicular stiffness by ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) both in men with oligo-astheno-teratozospermia (OAT) and in control group. The secondary objective was to identify a possible correlation between semen quality with testicular stiffness. Methods This was a prospective case-control study. We divided the sample in two groups; Group A (case group) included men with OAT, and Group B (control group) men with normal sperm parameters. All participants had at last two semen analysis in the past 180 days (at last 90 days apart), using performed ultrasound and SWE elastography. Results We analyzed 100 participants, 50 patients in Group A and 50 controls in Group B. There were statistically significant differences in term of testicular volume and testicular stiffness between two groups. Men with OAT had the testicular stiffness value higher than the controls in both sides (left testicular stiffness 21.4 ± 5.4 kPa vs 9.9 ± 1.6 kPa, p < 0.0001; right testicular stiffness 22.9 ± 4.8 kPa vs 9.5 ± 2.4 kPa, p < 0.0001). Men with abnormal semen parameters showed an inverse correlation between the mean value of testicular stiffness and total sperm count (22.15 ± 3.38 kPa, r = − 0.387, p = 0.005), sperm concentration (22.15 ± 3.38 kPa, r = − 0.244, p = 0.04), and progressive motility (22.15 ± 3.38 kPa, r = − 0.336, p = 0.01), while the correlation was not evident in controls group. Conclusion SWE is able to differentiate between testicles with spermatogenic changes from a healthy testicle. For this reason, it could be used to evaluate, in a non-invasive way, the tissue alterations of the organ.

scholarly journals Salivary Levels of Titanium, Nickel, Vanadium, and Arsenic in Patients Treated with Dental Implants: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Papi ◽  
Andrea Raco ◽  
Nicola Pranno ◽  
Bianca Di Murro ◽  
Pier Carmine Passarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metallic Ions ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Control Study

Background: Recent articles have hypothesized a possible correlation between dental implants dissolution products and peri-implantitis. The null hypothesis tested in this case-control study was that there would be no differences in salivary concentrations of titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), nickel (Ni) and arsenic (As) ions among patients with dental implants, healthy (Group A) or affected by peri-implantitis (Group B), compared to subjects without implants and/or metallic prosthetic restorations (Group C). Methods: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to analyze saliva samples. One-way repeated-measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to identify statistically significant differences in the salivary level of Ti, V, Ni and As between the three groups. Results: A total of 100 patients were enrolled in the study (42 males and 58 females), distributed in three groups: 50 patients in Group C, 26 patients in Group B and 24 patients Group B. In our study, concentrations of metallic ions were higher in Group A and B, compared to the control group, with the exception of vanadium. However, there were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) for metallic ions concentrations between Group A and Group B. Conclusions: Based on our results, there are no differences in titanium or other metals concentrations in saliva of patients with healthy or diseased implants.

scholarly journals A STUDY ON ROLE OF OCTREOTIDE ON OUTCOME OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE PANCREATITIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
Vishal Lodha ◽  
Rajesh Sonsale ◽  
Sandip Jadhav
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: Mild pancreatitis is a self limiting disease, while morbidity and mortality is considerably high in cases of severe necrotizing pancreatitis. Octreotide reduces secretion, release and activation of exocrine hormones; there is collection of pancreatic hormones in duct which in return causes irreversible destruction of the exocrine and endocrine pancreatic parenchyma leading to mal-digestion and diabetes. There are lot of controversies in the treatment of acute pancreatitis, so through this study we tried to evaluate whether there is a beneficial role of octreotide or not. Materials and Method: This case control study was done on patients admitted for the treatment of acute pancreatitis at a tertiary care hospital in Central India. This is retrospective study. The data of inpatient records were taken from the medical records department (MRD) of the hospital. The diagnosis of patients was established on basis of biochemical and radiological investigations. The patients were divided into two groups; cases and control, cases had received octreotide along with fluids (group A) controls received fluids without octreotide (group B). Symptomatic treatment was given in both the groups. Ages of the cases and controls were matched (±3 years). The statistical analysis of data was done and results were obtained. Results: In this retrospective case control study the records of fifty two patients were selected. The mean age in Group A was 35 ±16.45 years and in Group B 40±17.51 years in Group B (tA/B1.061; p ˂0.294). There were 22 males and 4 females in group A, while 20 males and 6 females in group B. Both the groups were comparable. All the patients in octreotide group survived while there were three deaths in control group. As far as mean hospital stay is was 10 days ± 7.10 in group A while it was 7 days ±3.65 in group B. All the p values for the criteria of study are non-significant. But when we talk about percentage, 11.53% patient died in control group. Conclusion: In our study we found that octreotide does not affect the final outcome of patients with acute pancreatitis. There is no effect on hospital stay and reduced need of analgesics in patients with acute pancreatitis. Keywords: Acute Pancreatitis; Octreotide; Hospital Stay; Mortality

scholarly journals Coronary arteries and aortic valve calcifications in COVID-19: Not only lungs at chest CT

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Fogante ◽  
◽  
Enrico Cavagna ◽  
Giovanni Rinaldi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Control Study

Objectives: Cardiovascular diseases cause worse outcomes in patients affected by COVID-19. High coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and aortic valve calcifications (AC) increase cardiovascular risk. Our purpose is to evaluate CACS, measured by Weston Score (WS), and presence of AC in chest CT of COVID-19 patients and possibly to investigate their prognostic role. Material and methods: This retrospective case-control study includes 150 hospitalized COVID-19 patients who underwent a chest CT at admission. The case group (Group A) was formed by 50 in-patients in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) under invasive ventilation (IV), while the matching control group for sex, age and BMI (Group B) was formed by 100 in-patients in non-ICU units, not under IV. After, a second case-control selection was originated from these two Groups: the case group (Group A1) composed by 30 patients selected from Group A, and the matching control group for age, sex, BMI and CT lung severity score (LSS) (Group B1) composed by 60 patients selected from Group B. WS and the presence of AC were compared between Groups A and B, and between Groups A1 and B1. Moreover, LSS and WS were correlated. Parametric tests were used for statistical analysis. Material and methods: This retrospective case-control study includes 150 hospitalized COVID-19 patients who underwent a chest CT at admission. The case group (Group A) was formed by 50 in-patients in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) under invasive ventilation (IV), while the matching control group for sex, age and BMI (Group B) was formed by 100 in-patients in non-ICU units, not under IV. After, a second case-control selection was originated from these two Groups: the case group (Group A1) composed by 30 patients selected from Group A, and the matching control group for age, sex, BMI and CT lung severity score (LSS) (Group B1) composed by 60 patients selected from Group B. WS and the presence of AC were compared between Groups A and B, and between Groups A1 and B1. Moreover, LSS and WS were correlated. Parametric tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: Among the 150 patients, 105 (70.0%) were male and 45 (30.0%) female. The age was 70.2 ± 13.3 years. LSS was 7.5 ± 3.9, WS was 6.4 ± 3.0; AC was present in 97/150 (64.7%). WS was significantly higher in Group A than in Group B, respectively, 7.4 ± 4.0 and 5.7 ± 2.6 (p=0.0146), and also the presence of AC, respectively, 41/50 (82.0%) vs 56/100 (56.0%) (p=0.0016). In Group B, LSS and WS had a linear positive correlation (r=0.2240, p=0.0405). Finally, WS and AC were significantly higher in Group A1 compared to Group B1. Conclusions: Both WS and AC were higher in ICU COVID-19 patients than in non-ICU COVID-19 patients: they could have a predictive role in the pejorative evolution of the disease.

scholarly journals Semen profiles of young men involved as bicycle taxi cyclists in Mangochi District, Malawi: A case-control study

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 151-153
Author(s):  
W Kipandula ◽  
F Lampiao
Keyword(s):  
Volume Concentration ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Semen Volume ◽  
Control Study

Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate the semen profiles of bicycle taxi cyclists and healthy controls in Mangochi district, Malawi.Methods Semen samples were collected from young bicycle taxi cyclists after two to three days of sexual abstinence. A control group, comprising young men who were not bicycle taxi operators also submitted semen samples. Samples were left to liquefy for 30 minutes before measurements were conducted of volume, concentration, total motility, and progressive motility. This was followed by preparation of morphology slides. Light microscopy was used for sperm analysis.Results Semen parameters such as volume (1.66 ± 0.18 mL vs. 3.64 ± 0.17 mL; p = 0.0001), concentration (28.31 ± 4.33 x 106/mL vs. 54.95 ± 5.93 x 106/ mL; p = 0.02) , total motility (56.98% ± 8.22% vs. 56.98% ± 8.22%; p = 0.03), progressive motility (22.57% ± 3.35% vs. 59.69% ± 4.82%; p = 0.004), and morphology (6.98% ± 3.23% vs. 19.73% ± 2.32%; p = 0.006) were significantly reduced in the bicycle taxi cyclists compared to the healthy controls.Conclusion In this case-control study, bicycle taxi operators had lower semen volume, concentration, total motility, and progressive motility, as well as a higher concentration of abnormally shaped spermatocytes, compared to healthy controls.

Efficacy of corticosteroid therapy in the treatment of long- lasting olfactory disorders in COVID-19 patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
L.A. Vaira ◽  
C. Hopkins ◽  
M. Petrocelli ◽  
J.R. Lechien ◽  
S. Cutrupi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Spontaneous Recovery ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Control ◽  
Group A ◽  
Control Study

BACKGROUND: The growing number of COVID-19 patients with long-lasting olfactory disorders makes it necessary to identify effective treatments that enhance the spontaneous recovery of olfactory function. METHODS: Multicentre randomised case-control study that involved 18 patients with COVID-19 related anosmia or severe hyposmia for more than 30 days. Nine patients were prescribed systemic prednisone and nasal irrigation with betamethasone, ambroxol and rinazine for 15 days. The other 9, untreated, patients were used as controls. The olfactory function was evaluated with CCCRC test at 20 and 40 days from the first evaluation. RESULTS: In the control group, a median olfactory score of 20 (IQR 30) was detected at baseline. At the 20-day control there was no significant improvement in olfactory function. The improvement in olfactory performance became significant at the 40-day follow-up compared to baseline scores [60 (IQR 60) versus 20 (IQR 30)]. In the treatment group, patients had a mean olfactory score of 10 (IQR 15) at initial control. At the 20-day control, a significant im-provement in the olfactory scores, compared to the baseline, was detected [70 (IQR 40) versus 10 (IQR 15)]. Olfactory function further improved at 40 days [median score 90 (IQR 50)]. Patients in the treatment group reported significantly higher improvements of the olfactory scores than the controls at both the 20-day [40 (IQR 45) versus 10 (IQR 15)] and 40-day [60 (IQR 40) versus 30 (IQR 25)] evaluations. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of this study, the mix of drugs including steroids could represent a useful specific therapy to reduce the prevalence of this long-term morbidity.

scholarly journals Low Iron Level is related to Telogen Effluvium in Women

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Manjurul Karim ◽  
Md Abdul Wahab ◽  
Lubna Khondoker ◽  
Md Shirajul Islam Khan
Keyword(s):  
Hair Loss ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Iron Level ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Control Study

A case-control study conducted in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from July 2008- December 2010. A total 60 female patients of telogen effluvium attending in outpatient department (OPD) were enrolled in the study with 30 having hair loss considered as case (Group-A) and another 30 females had no history of hair loss were considered as control (Group-B). The study included 60 patients and the mean age were 25.4±7 years ranging from 18 to 42 years in group A and 24.8±5.6 years ranging from 17 to 36 years in group B. Maximum number was found in the age group of 21- 30 years in both groups and nearly three fourth (73.4%) patients were unmarried in group A and 18(60.0%) in group B. Most of the patients were student in both groups, which were 21(70.0%) and 17(56.7%) in group A and group B respectively and majority of the the patients were HSC level in both groups, 15(50.0%) and 14(46.7%) in Group A and Group B respectively. Most of the patients came from middle class, which were 20(66.7%) and 16(53.3%) in group A and group B respectively. The mean serum ferritin were 18.8±8.1 g/L ranging from 4.5 to 36.54 g/L and 36.6±9.9 mg/L ranging from 18.46 to 56.3 mg/ L in group A and group B respectively. The mean Hb level was 11.5±1.4 gm/dl ranging from 8.5 to 14.0 gm/dl in group A and 12.8±1.1 gm/dl ranging from 10.5 to 14.5 gm/dl in group B. The mean difference of Hb level was statistically significant (p<0.05) between two groups in unpaired t-test. It can be concluded that low iron level is associated with telogen effluvium in women. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmed.v21i2.13617 Bangladesh J Medicine 2010; 21: 84-89

scholarly journals Do cigarette and alcohol affect semen analysis?

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Zeynel Keskin ◽  
Salih Budak ◽  
Saim Gubari ◽  
Kalender Durmaz ◽  
Mehmet Yoldas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Semen Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: There are a number of studies about the effect of cigarette and alcohol on semen parameters in the literature. There is not a consensus on the relationship between use of cigarette and alchol and semen parameters in those studies. The number of studies in which cigarette and alcohol use are evaluated together is limited. This study was aimed to analyze the effect of cigarette and/or alcohol use on semen parameters. Methods: In this prospective study, 762 patients who applied to an hospital urology polyclinic between January 2015 and March 2015 due to infertility, were questioned for alcohol and cigarette use in anamnesis. The remaining 356 patients were included in our study. Then, semen analysis of the patients was performed. The patients were divided into five groups according to cigarette use, into five groups according to alcohol use and into four groups according to cigarette and/or alcohol use. Significant differences were analyzed between the groups in terms of semen volume, semen concentration, total motility, forward motility and morphological (normality, head anomaly, neck anomaly, tail anomaly) values. Results: According to cigarette use, only in group 4 (who use more than 20 package-years cigarette) semen volume was significantly lower than the control group (Mann-Whitney U, p = 0.009). There was no significant difference in any of the other parameters and groups compared with the control group (Mann-Whitney U, p &gt; 0,05) Conclusion:According to our study, using more than 20 package- years cigarette decreases semen volume. The reason of this result might be the fact that the threshold value, from which the effect of cigarette and alcohol use on the semen parameters has to be determined.

scholarly journals Isoflavone in Postmenopausal Women - Are They Really Effective? A Prospective Case Control Study.

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
TS Bag ◽  
Amit Kyal ◽  
DP Saha ◽  
R Dutta ◽  
S Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Menopausal Symptoms ◽  
Kupperman Index ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Prospective Case Control Study

A prospective case control study was conducted at Medical College, Kolkata with the aim of evaluating the role of isoflavone( a class of phytoestrogen –plant compounds having the beneficial effects of estrogen but lesser risks and side effects) in postmenopausal women. 100 postmenopausal women (those who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingooopherectomy for different benign indications, aged between 40-50 years and who were menstruating before operation) were alternately distributed into two groups-Group A (n=50, received 60mg of isoflavone and 500mg of calcium per day for 6 months) and Group B (n=50, received 500mg of calcium per day only for 6 months). To evaluate the menopausal symptoms, the menopausal Kupperman index questionnaire was applied. Other outcomes measured were body mass index, blood pressure and lipid profile. Menopausal symptoms in Group A(those using isoflavones) were lower compared to Group B. The present study showed that Kupperman index decreased significantly in Group A (from 28.48 ± 2.03 to 16.32 ± 1.06 i.e. 45% decline) compared to Group B (from 24.56 ± 1.52 to 18.44 ± 1.11 i.e. 25% decline). No differences in blood pressure or body mass index were found during treatment between the two groups. . In our study total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) decreased significantly in Group A compared to Group B. Therefore our clinical study indicates that isoflavone can be an invaluable resource for postmenopausal women for combating menopausal symptoms. Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology / Vol 7 / No. 1 / Issue 13 / Jan- June, 2012 / 11-14 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v7i1.8826

Clinical Factors in Trunk Capillary Malformations in the Neonate: When to Suspect Other Associated Malformations? A Case–Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (01) ◽  
pp. 122-126
Author(s):  
Carlos Delgado-Miguel ◽  
Miriam Vicente ◽  
Antonio Jesus Serrano-Muñoz ◽  
Miriam Miguel-Ferrero ◽  
Mercedes Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Venous Malformation ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Group A ◽  
Associated Malformations ◽  
Group B ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Introduction Capillary malformations (CMs) can be sporadic or syndromic, in association with other underlying venous malformation (VM) or lymphatic malformation (LM). The objective of this study is to describe the clinical patterns in the neonate that allow us to differentiate sporadic CMs from those associated with other vascular malformations. Materials and Methods A case–control study was performed in neonates with CM located in the trunk, followed at our institution between 2008 and 2018. The patients were divided into two groups: group A (cases: CM associated with VM or LM) and group B (controls: sporadic CM without associated malformations). Demographic and clinical variables collected in the clinical history were evaluated (color, location, multifocality, bilaterality, position regarding the vascular axis, and involvement of the midline). Results Thirty-eight patients were included (18 cases and 20 controls) without differences in gender and age. In group A, the totality of patients presented CM with uniform color and lateral location (p < 0.001). In this group, bilateral and multifocal involvements were lower than in group B, without significant differences between both groups. The distribution of CMs in group A was always parallel to the vascular axis and the midline was always respected, without observing these characteristics in the group B (p < 0.001). Conclusion The presence of a CM in the trunk of a neonate with uniform color, lateral location, parallel position to the vascular axis, and absence of involvement of the midline should make us suspect other underlying vascular malformations, which should be studied with complementary tests.

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