scholarly journals Identification of The Intersegmental Plane By Arterial-Ligation Method During Thoracoscopic Segmentectomy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Zhao ◽  
Haiqi He ◽  
Lei Ma ◽  
Kun Fan ◽  
Jinteng Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Ventilation ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Lung Nodules ◽  
Peripheral Vein ◽  
Arterial Ligation ◽  
Thoracic Drainage ◽  
Intersegmental Plane ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Segmental Arteries ◽  
Ligation Method

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility of identifying the intersegmental plane by arterial ligation alone during thoracoscopic anatomical segmentectomy. Methods We selected 35 patients with peripheral small lung nodules who underwent thoracoscopic anatomical segmentectomy between May and December 2020. First, the targeted segmental arteries were distinguished and ligated during the operation. Then, bilateral pulmonary ventilation was performed with pure oxygen to fully inflate the entirety pulmonary lobes. After waiting for a while, the intersegmental plane appeared. Finally, the intersegmental plane was observed using thoracoscopy after indocyanine green was injected into the peripheral vein. The intersegmental planes determined by these two methods were compared. Results Thirty-four patients underwent segmental resection and one patient finally underwent lobectomy. The intersegmental planes were successfully observed in all patients using the arterial ligation method. The time from contralateral pulmonary ventilation to the appearance of the intersegmental plane was 13.7±3.2 min (6-19 min). The intersegmental planes determined by the arterial ligation method and the fluorescence method were comparable. After the operation, CT examinations showed that the remaining lung segments of all patients were well inflated. The mean duration of closed thoracic drainage was 3.1±0.9 days. Conclusion The arterial ligation method can be used to determine the intersegmental plane in anatomical segmentectomy. The method is feasible, reliable, and safe.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of Computer-Aided Detection (CAD) Device for Lung Nodule Detection on Chest Radiography: A Real-Life Application

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ammar Chaudhry ◽  
Ammar Chaudhry ◽  
William H. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Chest Radiography ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Lung Nodule ◽  
Chest Radiographs ◽  
Lung Nodules ◽  
Computer Aided Detection ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: The radiographic diagnosis of lung nodules is associated with low sensitivity and specificity. Computer-aided detection (CAD) system has been shown to have higher accuracy in the detection of lung nodules. The purpose of this study is to assess the effect on sensitivity and specificity when a CAD system is used to review chest radiographs in real-time setting. Methods: Sixty-three patients, including 24 controls, who had chest radiographs and CT within three months were included in this study. Three radiologists were presented chest radiographs without CAD and were asked to mark all lung nodules. Then the radiologists were allowed to see the CAD region-of-interest (ROI) marks and were asked to agree or disagree with the marks. All marks were correlated with CT studies. Results: The mean sensitivity of the three radiologists without CAD was 16.1%, which showed a statistically significant improvement to 22.5% with CAD. The mean specificity of the three radiologists was 52.5% without CAD and decreased to 48.1% with CAD. There was no significant change in the positive predictive value or negative predictive value. Conclusion: The addition of a CAD system to chest radiography interpretation statistically improves the detection of lung nodules without affecting its specificity. Thus suggesting CAD would improve overall detection of lung nodules.

ALTERATIONS OF pH, GASES AND HEMOGLOBIN IN BLOOD AND ELECTROLYTES IN PLASMA OF FETUSES OF DIABETIC MOTHERS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1097-1109
Author(s):  
Irwin H. Kaiser ◽  
Robert C. Goodlin
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Pulmonary Ventilation ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
Total Hemoglobin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Hemoglobin Mass ◽  
Pregnant Diabetic ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

The pregnant diabetic at or near term, in the absence of clinical metabolic disorder, ordinarily exhibits only minor differences from normal pregnant women in regard to pH, content of gases, and concentration of hemoglobin in blood and concentration of electrolytes in plasma. The diabetic in labor is likely to evidence signs of metabolic acidosis which is only partially compensated. The fetus of the diabetic, on the other hand, is frequently found to have marked changes in pH, pCO2 and oxygen saturation of the blood. There is a small decrease in total concentration of electrolytes, which is apparently related to dilution of the blood. Concentration of hemoglobin is slightly increased, but if dilution is taken into consideration, this probably represents a significant increase in total hemoglobin mass. The variability of several components of the blood is greater than in normal fetuses. The changes in pH and pCO2 are sufficient, in their effect on dissociation of oxyhemoglobin, to account for the mean decrease in saturation observed in the fetuses of diabetics without any change in pO2. The average fetus, therefore, cannot properly be said to be hypoxic. However, individual fetuses are observed with very marked reductions in oxygen saturation which undoubtedly reflect true hypoxia. Biochemical alterations in these fetuses are out of proportion to maternal changes but, once proper pulmonary ventilation is established, can be readily reversed. It appears from this that the lesion is likely to be placental rather than maternal or fetal. Biochemical deviations from normal in the present series are only irregularly related to neonatal difficulty. The two infants who died in the present study were the only prematures, and only one manifested severe and disproportional changes. The biochemical changes observed do not per se appear to be sufficient to account for the known neonatal difficulties of the infants of diabetic mothers, but, in aggravated form, might account for fetal death.

scholarly journals The arterial-ligation-alone method for identifying the intersegmental plane during thoracoscopic anatomic segmentectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 2343-2351
Author(s):  
Hong-Hao Fu ◽  
Zhen Feng ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Wan-Gang Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Ligation ◽  
Intersegmental Plane

Effect of SO2 on control of breathing in anesthetized cats

1977 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 844-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Grunstein ◽  
M. Hazucha ◽  
M. H. Sorli ◽  
J. Milic-Emili
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Ventilation ◽  
Atropine Sulfate ◽  
Pulmonary Resistance ◽  
Progressive Reduction ◽  
Cycle Times ◽  
Shallow Breathing ◽  
Inspiratory Activity ◽  
Steady State Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

In seven anesthetized tracheotomized cats we studied the acute respiratory effects of SO2 inhalation at different steady-state levels of arterial CO2 tension (Paco2). During room air breathing, SO2 (0.05%) addition caused a progressive reduction in tidal volume (VT) and increases in both respiratory frequency (f) and pulmonary resistance (RL). Atropine sulfate abolished the bronchoconstriction response to SO2 and thus permitted the study of the influence of SO2 on VT and f in the absence of constricted airways. Despite marked reductions in the VT VS. PaCO2 relationships with SO2 exposure after atropine, the relationship between pulmonary ventilation (VE) and PaCO2 was not signifcantly altered. This was the case since SO2 caused solely a reduction in inspiratory duration (Ti), affecting neither the mean rate of rise of inspiratory activity (i.e., VT/Ti) nor the relationship between Ti and breath duration. Thus, airways irritation with SO2 produced rapid, shallow breathing characterized by a shortening of inspiratory and total respiratory cycle times with no change in the rate of development of inspiratory activity. The findings suggest an influence exclusively concerned with the timing of inspiration. Perhaps premature onset of inspiratory activity accounts for the observed effects.

Human thyroid blood flow response to endogenous, exogenous human, and bovine thyrotrophin measured by electromagnetic flowmetry

1981 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lennart Tegler ◽  
Jan Gillquist ◽  
Bo Anderberg ◽  
Gunilla Jacobson ◽  
Björn Lundström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Peripheral Vein ◽  
Flow Response ◽  
Latent Time ◽  
Electromagnetic Flowmetry ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Bovine Tsh

Abstract. Human thyroid blood flow (TBF) was studied with electromagnetic flowmetry during operation. Measurements were made of the effect on TBF of injections of bovine TSH into one inferior thyroid artery in 6 patients; 6 other patients were given human TSH, and in 10 patients measurements were made both of TBF and endogenous TSH released after administration of TRH in a peripheral vein. The TBF increased after all three types of injection. The mean of the TBF maxima after bovine TSH was 2.26 ± 0.35 (mean ± sem) relative to basal TBF, after human TSH 1.97 ± 0.28, and after TRH 1.64 ± 0.20. In the three groups combined it was 1.92 ± 0.16. The TBF was often increased already during the first recording period 1–10 min after TSH or TRH administration. The mean TBF was approximately doubled at 30–50 min. There were considerable inter-individual variations in the latent time and maximum response of TBF, especially after human TSH, but we found no correlation between the response and the TSH serum concentration in any group. A prompt, but inter-individually varying, increase in TBF was confirmed. This increase is suggested to be secondary to an increased intrafollicular metabolic activity and not primarily regulating the thyroid function.

scholarly journals Quantitative and O2Enhanced MRI of the Pathologic Lung: Findings in Emphysema, Fibrosis, and Cystic Fibrosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred Stadler ◽  
Leopold Stiebellehner ◽  
Peter M. Jakob ◽  
Johannes F. T. Arnold ◽  
Edith Eisenhuber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
T1 Mapping ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Pulmonary Physiology ◽  
Entire Lung ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: beyond the pure morphological visual representation, MR imaging offers the possibility to quantify parameters in the healthy, as well as, in pathologic lung parenchyma. Gas exchange is the primary function of the lung and the transport of oxygen plays a key role in pulmonary physiology and pathophysiology. The purpose of this review is to present a short overview of the relaxation mechanisms of the lung and the current technical concepts of T1 mapping and methods of oxygen enhanced MR imaging.Material and Methods: molecular oxygen has weak paramagnetic properties so that an increase in oxygen concentration results in shortening of the T1 relaxation time and thus to an increase of the signal intensity in T1 weighted images. A possible way to gain deeper insights into the relaxation mechanisms of the lung is the calculation of parameter Maps. T1 Maps based on a snapshot FLASH sequence obtained during the inhalation of various oxygen concentrations provide data for the creation of the so-called oxygen transfer function (OTF), assigning a measurement for local oxygen transfer. T1 weighted single shot TSE sequences also permit expression of the signal changing effects associated with the inhalation of pure oxygen.Results: the average of the mean T1 values over the entire lung in inspiration amounts to 1199+/−117 milliseconds, the average of the mean T1 values in expiration was 1333+/−167 milliseconds. T1 Maps of patients with emphysema and lung fibrosis show fundamentally different behavior patterns. Oxygen enhanced MRT is able to demonstrate reduced diffusion capacity and diminished oxygen transport in patients with emphysema and cystic fibrosis.Discussion: results published in literature indicate that T1 mapping and oxygen enhanced MR imaging are promising new methods in functional imaging of the lung and when evaluated in conjunction with the pure morphological images can provide additional valuable information.

scholarly journals 10D: Feasibility Study of a Novel Low-cost Brazilian Emergency Mechanical Ventilator

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uri Adrian Prync Flato ◽  
Patricia C. dos Santos ◽  
Fábio Manhoso ◽  
Fernanda Mesquita Serva ◽  
Jeferson Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pulmonary Ventilation ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Mechanical Ventilator ◽  
Mechanical Ventilators ◽  
Group I ◽  
Emergency Transport ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract Background: The current need for pulmonary mechanical ventilation related to COVID-19 exceeds the ability of health systems worldwide to acquire and produce mechanical ventilators. The major cause of mortality in patients with this disease is hypoxemia secondary to an inflammatory storm in the lungs associated with thrombotic events. A partnership was established between the university and the private engineering and industrial automation sector to concept and design novel a low-cost emergency mechanical ventilator that could be rapidly available for use in emergency, transport or low-resource health care system, and attend the urgent demand of artificial respiratory system that is need worldwide. It was evaluated the viability of oxygenation and pulmonary ventilation with an emergency mechanical ventilation device called 10D-EMV in animal experiments. A two-stage sequential adaptive study was conducted in 10 sheep, divided into group I (PEEP valve close to the device) and group II (PEEP valve distal to the device). Each animal underwent mechanical ventilation for a total of 120 minutes. Results: The mean oxygenation in group I and group II were 368 mmHg and 366 mmHg, respectively, while the mean partial pressure of carbon dioxide was 58 mmHg and 48 mmHg. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the viability of the 10D device as a novel proposed emergency mechanical ventilator, in order to attend the pandemics demand. Further clinical studies in humans are needed to assess its safety and efficacy.

Heparinization of Alimentation Solutions

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1167-1167
Author(s):  
RONALD L. POLAND ◽  
MARY P. BEDARD
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Vein ◽  
Catheter Patency ◽  
The Mean

We read with interest the article by Alpan and associates (Pediatrics 1984;74:375-378) concerning heparinization of alimentation solutions administered through peripheral veins. The authors conclude that heparinization of these solutions should be considered because they observed a significant reduction in the incidence of phlebitis and a prolongation of the mean period of catheter patency. The data presented in their table 2, however, reveals (through calculation) that the 13 infants in the heparinized group received peripheral vein alimentation for a mean duration of 20 days whereas those in the nonheparinized group received it for only ten days.

scholarly journals ECMO/CRRT Combined Support in the Treatment of Critically Ill SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengqing Li
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Pulmonary Ventilation ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Severe Heart Failure ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lung Ct

Objective: To explore the experience with and complications of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)combined with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) for treatment of critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia.Methods: The data on critically ill COVID-19 patients who received ECMO/CRRT at Tongji Hospital, which is affiliated with Huazhong University of Science and Technology, in February and March 2020 were collected and analyzed. All three patients were male, and the mean age was 50.6 years (range 44–58 years). The indications for ECMO in critically ill SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia patients at our center were severe acute respiratory distress syndrome with Pao2/Fio2 below 100 mmHg under an effective protective pulmonary ventilation strategy and inflammatory stormaccompanied by acute kidney injury. One patient, with severe heart failure, was selected for venoarterial ECMO, andthe other two patients were selected for venovenous ECMO.Results: In the three patients who received ECMO combined with bedside CRRT, the mean duration was 9.7 days (range 7–13 days). Four complications occurred during ECMO/CRRT, especially thrombocytopenia. Laboratory testing showed increased counts of leukocytes and lymphocytes and decreased levels of inflammatory factors. Lung CT was suggestive of significantly absorbed and reduced lesions and interstitial fibrosis.Conclusions: The survival rate of patients with cardiopulmonary failure treated with ECMO/CRRT in whom conventional treatment failed in this group was 100%, which indicates that combined treatment with ECMO and CRRT is an important treatment technique.

Anlagerung von Elektronen in Luft und in Gemischen aus O2 mit He, N2 und CO2 / Electron Attachment in Air and Mixtures of O2 with He, N2, and CO2

1978 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 1346-1360
Author(s):  
R. Grünberg
Keyword(s):  
Electron Energy ◽  
Electron Energy Distribution Function ◽  
Electron Attachment ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Ions ◽  
Low Energy Electron ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Attachment Coefficient ◽  
High Share ◽  
Good Agreement

The attachment coefficient η for the formation of negative oxygen ions in low energy electron swarms was measured in dry air and in mixtures of oxygen with helium, nitrogen and carbon dioxide. The shift of the η/pO2-curves of the mixtures against those for pure oxygen are in good agreement with the Bloch-Bradbury theory and can be explained by the influence of the admixted gas on the mean electron energy and the electron energy distribution function. Deviations from the regularity η/p2O2 = const, described in an earlier paper have been followed up in air at higher pressure and in O2-CO2 -mixtures with a high share of CO2.

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