scholarly journals syntax and semantics of the resumptive dependency in Hungarian focus-raising constructions

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-131
Author(s):  
Judit Gervain
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Focus Position ◽  
Argument Position ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Variable Binding ◽  
Resumptive Pronouns ◽  
Previous Account ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
Embedded Clause

Previous work (Gervain, forthcoming) has established that focus-raising may be derived by two strategies in Hungarian. One of them is the traditional movement derivation, the other a resumptive dependency created between the focus constituent base-generated in its matrix focus position and a phonologically null resumptive pronoun in the corresponding argument position in the embedded clause. However, the previous account (Gervain, forthcoming) does not give a detailed description of the nature of this resumptive dependency. The present work aims to address this question. More specifically, by providing a series of empirical tests, it attempts to determine whether the dependency is purely syntactic in nature, i.e. obligatory variable binding, or whether a semantic option is also available, i.e. coreference between the focus constituent and the resumptive pronoun. Thus, it provides new insights into the ongoing debate about the nature of resumptive pronouns.  

Focus Position for Stripping Remnant

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Al Zahrani ◽  
Khulud Helal Al Thagafi
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Focus Position ◽  
Focus Movement ◽  
The One ◽  
Syntactic Properties ◽  
Pf Deletion ◽  
Minimalist Framework

The current paper examines the syntactic properties of HA stripping: a type of ellipsis. Within the Minimalist framework, the paper adopts the PF-Deletion approach to show that stripping in HA is derived firstly by the movement of the remnant constituent from TP to Focus Position (FP), and, secondly, by the deletion of the TP. These two operations are licensed by the Ellipsis feature (E) located in the focus head F°. Thus, on the one hand, the paper contributes to the existing body of literature supporting the hotly-debated issues on the movement of the stripping remnants, and on the other, enriches the very minimal HA studies on ellipsis. The findings show that HA stripped constituents must move to Spec, FP, before the TP- deletion process. Two pieces of evidence in support of the focus movement to FP spring from Island sensitivity and p-stranding facts in HA.

scholarly journals Pancreatic Cysts

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Meagher ◽  
Andreas Armuss
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Abdominal Imaging ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pancreatic Cysts ◽  
Risk Selection ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Cystic Neoplasms ◽  
Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasms ◽  
Benign Course

Pancreatic cysts are more common than before, largely because of widespread abdominal imaging. Pancreatic cystic neoplasms (PCN) are relevant to risk selection on 2 counts: they constitute more than 50% of all pancreatic cysts and, in contrast to the other 2 cyst types, are capable of malignant transformation. The majority of PCNs are benign at time of diagnosis and will follow a benign course. The challenge is to identify those PCNs that are malignant or will undergo malignant transformation with time. The purpose of this article is to provide pointers that can help meet this challenge while also summarizing the ongoing debate about their optimal management.

The Pronoun Which Comprehenders Who Process It in Islands Derive a Benefit

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Christopher Hammerly
Keyword(s):  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Active Filler ◽  
Resumptive Pronouns ◽  
Online Processing ◽  
Memory Resources

There is ongoing debate about the role that resumptive pronouns play in the processing of islands in intrusive resumption languages such as English. This squib provides evidence that resumptive pronouns facilitate the comprehension of islands in online processing. The results fall in line with filler-gap processing more generally: when fillers are difficult or impossible to keep active, resumption provides support for forming a dependency. This occurs when dependencies span multiple clauses, when memory resources are otherwise taxed, or, as the present paper shows, when grammatical constraints such as islands prohibit the use of the active filler strategy.

Entrepreneurship Policy Framework

2017 ◽  
pp. 95-139
Author(s):  
Raghubir Singh Chauhan ◽  
Rituparna Das
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Entrepreneurship Policy ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Economic Understanding

The ongoing debate regarding how to formulate an entrepreneurship policy is globally vital so it is pertinent to understand the other dimensions also. By using a broad spectrum of space and time, and covering heterogeneous correlation the why, what if, where etc. regarding policy framework and deeper fundamentals of global economic understanding as well as misunderstanding is explored on an intersubjective context. By multi-stage data substantiation, analysis and literature review the direction and important determinants of policy framework are examined.

Kto Kovo? The Present Danger, as Seen From Moscow

Worldview ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Walter C. Clemens
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Question ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Zero Sum

Kto kovo? according to Lenin, is the fundamental question of politics. "Who's going to do in whom?" Lenin and others plotting against the czar came steadily to this zero-sum conception of politics. One side or the other could win—not both. Though Americans tend to expect a harmony of interests among nations, the zero-sum conception also exists in this country; it is, in fact, a prominent factor in the ongoing debate about Soviet strategic objectives and capabilities—for instance, in statements by the Committee on the Present Danger.

Raising, inversion and agreement in modern Hebrew

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-179
Author(s):  
NURIT MELNIK
Keyword(s):  
Information Structure ◽  
Phrase Structure ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
Phrase Structure Grammar ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Modern Hebrew ◽  
Embedded Clause ◽  
Long Distance Agreement ◽  
Subject Raising

This paper focuses on the interaction between raising, subject–verb inversion and agreement in Modern Hebrew. It identifies, alongside ‘standard’ (i.e., English-like) subject-to-subject raising, two additional patterns where the embedded subject appears post-verbally. In one, the raising predicate exhibits long-distance agreement with the embedded subject, while in the other, a colloquial variant, it is marked with impersonal (3sm) agreement. The choice between the three raising constructions in the language is shown to be solely dependent on properties of the embedded clause. The data are discussed and analyzed against a background of typological and theoretical work on raising. The analysis, cast in the framework of Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG), builds on research on raising, selectional locality, agreement, subjecthood and information structure, as well as verb-initial constructions in Modern Hebrew.

“It's the Politics, Stupid.” Or is Reality more Complex?

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Weimer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Precautionary Principle ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Risk Regulation ◽  
The Precautionary Principle ◽  
The One

Reality is complex, and often does not lend itself to generalization or simplifying explanations. Yet at the same time, explaining reality often requires the shaping of notions and concepts of it through generalization and the reduction of complexity. This tension between complexity and particularity on the one hand and generalization and the search for abstracting explanatory patterns on the other is beautifully illustrated by two recently released publications on precaution and risk regulation in the United States and Europe, namely “The Politics of Precaution” by David Vogel1 and “The Reality of Precaution” edited by Jonathan Wiener, Michael Rogers, James Hammitt, and Peter Sand.Both books together can be seen as the latest significant contribution to the ongoing debate on the role of the precautionary principle in risk regulation in a comparative EU-US perspective. Both contributions are significant in that they consolidate the trend towards an empirically informed analysis of the actual practice of the application of precaution in risk regulation.

Resumptive Pronouns in Language Comprehension and Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya Meltzer-Asscher
Keyword(s):  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Online Publication ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
The Other ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Resumptive Pronouns ◽  
Processing Function

Although the grammatical status of resumptive pronouns varies from one language to the other, these elements occur in spontaneous speech cross-linguistically, giving rise to a long-held intuition that resumption has a processing function, facilitating production and/or comprehension. In this review, I examine the central threads of thought related to resumption and processing and consider the prominent theories and findings that have shaped the discussion on this issue. I review grammatical and grammaticalization-based approaches to resumption and present the evidence suggesting that resumptive pronouns are a production artifact as well as the evidence that speaks in favor of or against the idea that resumptive pronouns aid comprehension. While the theory that resumption aids the producer receives straightforward support, the findings backing the claim that resumption helps the comprehender are much more equivocal, suggesting that in some cases resumption is not helpful and may even be detrimental to comprehension. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Linguistics, Volume 7 is January 14, 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

A Formal Model of Learning and Policy Diffusion

2008 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
CRAIG VOLDEN ◽  
MICHAEL M. TING ◽  
DANIEL P. CARPENTER
Keyword(s):  
Formal Model ◽  
Policy Diffusion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Policy Choice ◽  
Game Theoretic ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
The Way

We present a model of learning and policy choice across governments. Governments choose policies with known ideological positions but initially unknown valence benefits, possibly learning about those benefits between the model's two periods. There are two variants of the model; in one, governments only learn from their own experiences, whereas in the other they learn from one another's experiments. Based on similarities between these two versions, we illustrate that much accepted scholarly evidence of policy diffusion could simply have arisen through independent actions by governments that only learn from their own experiences. However, differences between the game-theoretic and decision-theoretic models point the way to future empirical tests that discern learning-based policy diffusion from independent policy adoptions.

Health Professionals' Attitude toward Euthanasia: A Cross-Sectional Study from Turkey

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Turla ◽  
Erdem Özkara ◽  
Çağlar Özkanli ◽  
Nevzat Alkan
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Definition Of

There is an ongoing debate on the definition of euthanasia and attempts to change laws about euthanasia and its practice in many countries. It is the medical doctors and the other health professionals who will elucidate the issue. Therefore, we performed this study to reveal attitude of Turkish health professionals toward euthanasia. This is an observational and cross-sectional study and data were collected with a questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed to 545 health professionals in Samsun, a city in the Black Sea Region in Turkey. Data were analyzed with SPSS package programs. Of all health professionals included in the study, 43.5% were medical doctors and 45.5% auxiliary health professionals. Of all participants, 33.6% did not object to euthanasia and 7.9% were asked to perform euthanasia. Eighty point seven percent of the participants noted that euthanasia could be abused even if a euthanasia law were passed. It can be concluded that the health professionals should have a chance to discuss euthanasia and that their attitude toward and their expectations and worries about euthanasia should be taken into account when a euthanasia law is drafted.

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