scholarly journals IMPROVED HIGH TEMPERATURE SEED GERMINATION OF PANSY WITH SEED PRIMING

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1089e-1089
Author(s):  
K. E. Cushman ◽  
H. B. Pemberton ◽  
B. G. Cobb ◽  
W. E. Roberson
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Untreated Seed ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Viola Tricolor ◽  
Growth Chambers ◽  
Petri Dishes

Viola tricolor seed were exposed to aerated solutions of water or 300 or 400 mM NaCl for 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8 days. After priming treatments, seed were air dried, placed on moist filter paper in petri dishes, and set in dark growth chambers at 18 or 30°C for germination. priming for 6 days in water increased germination of `Crystal Bowl Yellow' seed from 80 to 88% when germinated at 30 °. Untreated seed germination was 92% at 18°. Priming for 6 days in 300 mM NaCl improved germination of `Majestic Giant Blue' seed from 57 to 76% when germinated at 30°. Untreated seed germination was 80% at 18°. These data indicate that seed priming could be used to improve summer germination of a cool season annual. Priming increased germination at the higher than optimum temperature (30°) to levels similar to that for the optimum temperature (18°). However, the best priming solution depended on the cultivar.

A Low Temperature-Gradient Bar for Seed Germination Studies

Weed Science ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 575-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond A. Evans ◽  
James A. Young ◽  
Robert Henkel ◽  
Gerard J. Klomp
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Cold Temperature ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Petri Dishes

A relatively inexpensive, cold-temperature germination bar was constructed. The optimum temperature gradient of the bar for our low-temperature seed germination studies ranged from −4 to 11 C. An independent compressor and a chest-type deep freeze were compared for cooling sources. Alumnium foil Petri dishes were developed for use on the bar.

scholarly journals 402 Lettuce Seed Germination and Endo-mannanase Activity are Stimulated by Ethylene at High Temperature

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 513B-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warley M. Nascimento ◽  
Daniel J. Cantliffe ◽  
Donald J. Huber
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Enzyme Regulation ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Lettuce Seed ◽  
Endosperm Cell ◽  
Lettuce Seeds ◽  
Mannanase Activity ◽  
Lettuce Seed Germination

Temperatures above 30 °C may delay or inhibit germination of most of commercial lettuce cultivars. Ethylene enhances lettuce seed germination at high temperatures. Enzyme-mediated degradation of endosperm cell walls appears to be a crucial factor for lettuce germination at high temperature. The galactomannan polysaccharides in lettuce endosperm cell wall are mobilized by endomannanase. The role of endo-mannanase during germination of lettuce seeds at high temperature (35 °C) and the possible role of etlene in enzyme regulation were investigated. Seeds of thermotolerant (`Everglades'-EVE) and thermosensitive (`Dark Green Boston'-DGB) lettuce genotypes were incubated at 20 and 35 °C in water, 10 mM of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), or 20 mM of silver thiosulphate (STS). Also, seeds were primed in an aerated solution of polyethylene glycol (PEG), or PEG+ACC, or PEG+STS. Untreated seeds germinated 100% at 20 °C. At 35 °C, EVE germinated 100%, whereas DGB germinated only 33%. Seed priming or adding ACC during imbibition increased germination of DGB to 100% at 35 °C. Adding STS during imbibition led to a decrease in germination at 35%C in EVE and completely inhibited germination of DGB. Priming with STS led to reduced germination at 35%C of both genotypes. EVE produced more ethylene than DGB during germination at high temperature. Providing ACC either during priming or during germination led to an increase in endo-mannanase activity, whereas STS inhibited mannanase activity. Higher endo-mannana activity was observed in EVE than DGB seeds. The results suggest that ethylene might overcome the inhibitory effect of high temperature in thermosensitive lettuce seeds via weakening of endosperm due to increased endo-mannanase activity.

scholarly journals Ethylene evolution and endo-beta-mannanase activity during lettuce seed germination at high temperature

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warley Marcos Nascimento ◽  
Daniel James Cantliffe ◽  
Donald John Huber
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Lettuce Seed ◽  
Ethylene Evolution ◽  
Radicle Protrusion ◽  
Mannanase Activity ◽  
Lettuce Seed Germination ◽  
Dark Green

High temperatures during lettuce seed imbibition can delay or completely inhibit germination and the endosperm layer appears to restrict the radicle protrusion. The role of endo-beta-mannanase during lettuce seed germination at 35°C and the influence of ethylene in endo-beta-mannanase regulation were investigated. Seeds of 'Dark Green Boston' (DGB) and 'Everglades' (EVE) were germinated in water, or 10 mmol L-1 of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), or 10 mmol L-1 of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), or 20 mmol L-1 of silver thiosulphate (STS). Seeds were also primed in polyethylene glycol (PEG), or PEG + ACC, PEG + AVG, or PEG + STS. Untreated seeds germinated 100% at 20°C. At 35°C, EVE seeds germinated 100%, whereas DGB seeds germinated only 33%. Seed priming or adding ACC during incubation increased germination at 35°C. Higher ethylene evolution was detected in EVE than in DGB during germination at 35°C. AVG did not inhibit seed germination of DGB at 35°C, but STS did. Higher endo-beta-mannanase activity was observed in EVE compared with DGB seeds. Providing ACC either during priming or during germination increased endo-beta-mannanase activity, whereas AVG and STS led to decreased or no activity. Ethylene may overcome the inhibitory effect of high temperature in thermosensitive lettuce seeds due to increased endo-beta-mannanase, possibly leading to weakening of the endosperm.

scholarly journals Priming Leek Seed for Improved Germination and Emergence at High Temperature

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1077-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Parera ◽  
Daniel J. Cantliffe
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Growth Chambers ◽  
Coefficient Of Velocity ◽  
Peg 8000

`Verina' leek (AIlium porrum L.) seed germination is normally reduced at temperatures > 25C. Leek seeds were primed in aerated solutions (1.5 MPa, 10 days at 15C) of d-mannitol (mannitol), polyethylene glycol-8000 (PEG), KNO, and a nonaerated solution of PEG-8000 (PEG). At high temperatures mannitol, PEG, and PEG significantly enhanced germination percentage relative to KNO, or the control. At constant 30C, the mannitol, PEG, and PEG treatments increased final germination almost 10 times and the coefficient of velocity (COV) was improved compared to KNO, and the control. 10 growth chambers with alternating day/night temperatures (38 to 28C or 32 to 22C, 10 to 14 hours, respectively), primed seeds had significantly higher emergence and a larger COV than the control. In a greenhouse study under good conditions for germination, total emergence of primed and nonprimed seeds was similar; however, mannitol, PEG, and PEG led to a significantly higher COV than the control or KNO, treatments. These controlled-environment results demonstrate that priming leek seeds via mannitol, PEG, and PEG may promote early emergence at high temperature and improve stand uniformity for container transplant production.

Effects of temperature, light and other treatments on seed germination of Leymus chinensis

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Zhang ◽  
J. J. Bi ◽  
T. Y. Ning ◽  
X. L. Liu ◽  
M. R. He
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Leymus Chinensis ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Cool Season Grass ◽  
Improve Seed Germination

Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel., a perennial cool-season grass distributed widely in eastern Asia, is an ideal species for the rangeland industry and soil conservation, but the seed has a long dormant period and low germination rates. This study examined the effects of temperature, light and various treatments including stratification, H2SO4, NaOCl, gibberellic acid (GA3) and 6-benzyl adenine (BA), on the germination of Leymus chinensis seed. Seed stored over 1 yr and germinated at a temperature regime of 25/15°C with a 12/12-h photoperiod germinated best, and had a germination rate of 30.3%, with a minimum germination time of 12 d. In these germination conditions, germinated seeds were counted after 15 d to determine the effects of other treatments upon freshly harvested seed germination. The final germination rate for freshly harvested seeds stratified at 4°C for 0 to 10 wk ranged from 8.5 to 37.3%. Germination rates were 14.0 and 14.8% when seeds were treated with 70% H2SO4 for 3 and 6 min, respectively. Seed treated with 5.0% NaOCl germinated 17.5 and 16.0% when treated for 10 and 20 min, respectively. When seeds were soaked in 1000 mg L-1 GA3 solution for 24 h, 42.3% germinated, while treatment with 50 mg L-1 of BA resulted in 50.3% germination. The results indicate that various dormancy mechanisms may exist in the species. These findings will be helpful to farmers and breeders in selecting suitable treatments to improve seed germination and establishment. Key words: Seed dormancy, grassland and sand-dune reclamation, photoperiod, Northern China, Poaceae, seed priming

Effect of Seed Priming on the Enhancement of Seed Germination in Cool Season Turfgrass

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 1096-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jum-Soon Kang ◽  
Beung-Gu Son ◽  
Young-Whan Choi ◽  
Yong-Jae Lee ◽  
Young-Chul Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Cool Season

Influence of heat on seed germination of nine woody Cistaceae species

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Herranz ◽  
Pablo Ferrandis ◽  
Juan J. Martínez-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Heat Requirements ◽  
Control Set ◽  
Petri Dishes

The influence of high temperatures on germination of four Cistus and five Halimium taxa is analysed. Seeds were heated to a range of temperatures (from 50ºC to 150ºC) and a range of exposure times (from 1 to 60 min), simulating those heat conditions registered on the soil surface during wildfires. After the thermal pretreatments, seeds were sown in plastic Petri dishes and monitored for germination over 60 days. For all the species, germination was increased significantly over the control set (untreated seeds) by at least one of the thermal pretreatments. Temperatures of 120 and 150ºC were the most efficient temperatures promoting seed germination, although germination was interrupted at 150ºC if exposure times were equal to or longer than 5 minutes for the majority of species. The preheating at 50ºC was effective on;y for C. populifolius, but only at long exposure times (60 min). H. atriplicifolium had the highest heat requirements for stimulating germination, requiring at least 120ºC for 5 min. H. halimifolium subsp. halimifolium seeds showed the highest heat resistance: the final germination level reached at 150ºC for 7.5 minutes ranged between 52.5 and 55.5%. The germination rates after preheating were much lower than in mechanically scarified seeds, and closely resembled those of the untreated seeds. In general, species sharing the same habitat showed different heat requirements in promoting germination. For C. crispus and H. halimifolium subsp. halimifolium, the experiment was carried out on seeds collected from two different localities. For both species the germination patterns were similar between populations, although some high temperature pretreatments showed different germination percentages.

The effects of temperature and scarification on seed germination of three Dalea species

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 1117-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Schellenberg ◽  
B. Biligetu
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
North American ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Seed Scarification ◽  
Growth Chambers ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Germination Experiment

Schellenberg, M. P. and Biligetu, B. 2015. The effects of temperature and scarification on seed germination of three Dalea species. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 1117–1120. Ecological varieties of North American native plants are used for reclamation or rangeland seeding in Canada. The objectives of the study were to determine the optimum temperature for seed germination and to evaluate the effect of seed scarification on germination of ecological varieties of purple prairie clover [Dalea purpureum (Vent) Rydb.], white prairie clover [Dalea candida (Michx.) Willd.], and a wild collection of hairy prairie clover [Dalea villosa (Nutt.) Spreng var. villosa]. Germination was studied in growth chambers with constant temperatures of 5, 10, 20, and 30°C for 28 d using a randomized complete block design (RCBD). An additional germination experiment was conducted at 20°C after seed scarification. Based on days to initiate first germination and final germination, the optimum temperature for germination was 20°C for the three species. Final germination was the highest for purple prairie clover (51%), intermediate for white prairie clover (27%), and lowest for hairy prairie clover (5%). Seed scarification increased final germination by around 20% for all three species.

scholarly journals Carrot seed germination and ethylene production at high temperature in response to seed osmopriming

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warley M Nascimento ◽  
Donald J Huber ◽  
Daniel J Cantliffe
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Carrot Seed

Carrot (Daucus carota) seed germination can be erratic or reduced under temperatures above 35ºC. Priming circumvents seed thermoinhibition in several crops, including carrot. The involvement of ethylene in germination at supra-optimal temperatures has been reported in other species, but its role in carrot seed germination has not been examined. The objective of this study was to determine whether priming-mediated improvement in carrot seed germination at high temperature was associated with increased ethylene production. Seeds of two tropical carrot genotypes (Alvorada and Brasília) were incubated over a range of temperatures. 'Brasilia' seeds were primed for 72 hours in aerated PEG solution at 15ºC under light conditions and germination tested at 20 and 35ºC. Seeds of a thermosensitive genotype 'Arrowhead' were primed for 0, 4, 8 and 12 days in aerated PEG 6000 solutions at 15ºC under light conditions. Seeds were incubated at 20 and 35ºC, and ethylene production was measured immediately before visible primary root protrusion. Temperatures above 30ºC decreased seed germination percentage of 'Alvorada' and 'Brasilia'. Priming increased 'Brasilia' seed germination at 35ºC. 'Arrowhead' germinated 96% at 20ºC, and 13% at 35ºC. Seed germination and ethylene production of 'Arrowhead', a thermosensitive genotype, increased in response to increased duration of priming. The results suggest that seed priming circumvents thermoinhibition of carrot seed germination by increasing ethylene production at high temperatures.

scholarly journals Seed priming for increased seed germination and enhanced seedling vigor of winter rice

2021 ◽  
Vol 756 (1) ◽  
pp. 012047
Author(s):  
M P Anwar ◽  
R Jahan ◽  
M R Rahman ◽  
A K M M Islam ◽  
F M J Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Seedling Vigor
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