scholarly journals EVALUATION OF TWO DISEASE FORECASTING SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING EARLY BLIGHT ON TOMATO IN NEW JERSEY.

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 629e-629
Author(s):  
W.P. Cowgill ◽  
M.H. Maletta ◽  
S.A. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Disease Forecasting ◽  
State University ◽  
Pennsylvania State University ◽  
Cornell University ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill

Two disease forecasting systems - FAST, Pennsylvania State University and CUFAST, Cornell University - were used to generate spray schedules for controlling Alternaria solani Ell. and Mart. on `Celebrity' tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) at The Rutgers Snyder Research and Extension Farm in Northwest New Jersey. Disease control was compared to that obtained following standard weekly spray schedules. Chlorothalonil, 1.5 lb/A, was used for disease control for all treatments. Disease ratings of the FAST and CUFAST plots were significantly lower than that of the unsprayed control and were not significantly different from the plots sprayed according to standard spray schedules. A total of 10 fungicide applications were made following FAST recommendations; 7 applications were made following CUFAST recommendations; 13-15 applications were made following standard recommended schedules. Using CUFAST resulted in an estimated $200 per acre savings in spray costs. Chemical name used: tetrachloroisophtalonitrile (chlorothalonil).

scholarly journals An Assessment of Fungicide Benefits for the Control of Fungal Diseases of Processing Tomatoes in New York and New Jersey

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 677-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. Dillard ◽  
S. A. Johnston ◽  
A. C. Cobb ◽  
G. H. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Financial Benefit ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Processing Tomatoes

Concurrent studies on the benefits of fungicide use for control of fungal diseases of processing tomatoes were conducted in New York and New Jersey in 1993 and 1994. Fungicides (chlorothalonil at 2.5 kg/ha or mancozeb at 1.68 kg/ha) were applied at 7-, 10-, or 14-day intervals to processing tomatoes for control of anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum coccodes, early blight caused by Alternaria solani, and Septoria leaf spot caused by Septoria lycopersici. The New Jersey trial included an additional treatment using the disease-warning system TOM-CAST. All fungicide treatments significantly reduced foliar disease severity (in New York) and anthracnose incidence (New York and New Jersey) in the 2 years of study. Yield of usable fruit was significantly increased by all fungicide treatments with the exception of the TOM-CAST treatment using the cultivar Brigade in 1994 in New Jersey. In New York, usable yield and financial benefit were consistently the highest in plots treated with chlorothalonil on a 7-day interval. In New Jersey, the highest usable yields and the greatest financial benefits occurred in the chlorothalonil 7- and 10-day interval treatments in 1993. At both locations, the yield and financial benefit associated with the fungicide treatments was primarily due to suppression of anthracnose and other fruit rots. Suppression of foliar diseases was less important.

scholarly journals Greenhouse Disease Screen Facilitates Breeding Resistance to Tomato Early Blight

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randokh G. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Stem Lesion ◽  
Foliar Resistance

An F2 population segregating for tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) early blight resistance derived from C1943 was screened in the greenhouse by spray-inoculating conidia of Alternaria solani (Ellis and Martin) Jones and Grout onto stems of 6-week-old seedlings. Selected F3 lines derived from F2 plants with resistant, intermediate, and susceptible stem lesion reactions were grown in a replicated field trial and evaluated for foliar early blight resistance. Stem lesion and foliar resistance were closely associated, making the greenhouse screen for stem lesion resistance useful in identifying plants with foliar resistance.

European Museums in the Twentieth Century

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-316
Author(s):  
Loïc Vadelorge
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Contemporary Art ◽  
State University ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Pennsylvania State University ◽  
Urban Modernity ◽  
Cornell University ◽  
Moyen Âge ◽  
Politics Of Culture ◽  
Moyen Age

James D. Herbert, Paris 1937: Worlds on Exhibition (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1998), 207 pp., £31.50, ISBN 0-801-43494-7. Andrea Kupfer Schneider, Creating the Musée d'Orsay. The Politics of Culture in France (University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1998), 150 pp., $25.00, ISBN 0-271-01752-X. Juan Pedro Lorente, Cathedral of Urban Modernity. The First Museums of Contemporary Art, 1800–1930 (Aldershot: Ashgate, 1998), £47.50, ISBN 1-859-28383-7. Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication, Direction des Musées de France, Centre national de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre de Sociologie des Organisations, Musée National du Moyen Age, Publics et projets culturels. Un enjeu des musées en Europe. Actes des Journées d'étude 26 et 27 octobre 1998, Paris, Musée national du Moyen Age (Paris: L'Harmattan, 2000), price not given, ISBN 2-738-48645-2. Paul Rasse, Les Musées à la lumière de l'espace public. Histoire, évolution, enjeux (Paris: L'Harmattan, Logiques Sociales, 1999), 238 pp., price not given, ISBN 2-738-47769-0. Selma Reuben Holo, Beyond the Prado. Museums and Identity in Democratic Spain (Liverpool University Press, 1999), 222 pp., price not given, ISBN 0-853-23535-X. Brandon Taylor, Art for the Nation. Exhibitions and the London Public 1747–2001 (Manchester University Press, 1990), 314 pp., price not given, ISBN 0-719-05452-4.

scholarly journals Disease Forecasting on Stake Culture Tomatoes: Effectiveness of TOM-CAST Forecasts Generated from On-site or Electronic Meteorological Service Weather Data

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 469E-469
Author(s):  
M.H. Maletta ◽  
W.P. Cowgill ◽  
W. Tietjen ◽  
S.A. Johnston ◽  
T. Manning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Disease Forecasting ◽  
Weekly Schedule ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Monitor Data ◽  
Control Variation

Five variations of TOM-CAST and two sources of weather data were used to schedule tomato early blight control for research trials at the Snyder Research and Extension Farm, Pittstown, N.J. TOM-CAST scheduled fungicide applications were initiated at 15, 25, or 35 disease severity values (DSV) and resprayed at 15 or 25 DSV. Weather data for generating the DSVs was obtained on-site with a Sensor Instruments Field Monitor™ or through subscription to the electronic meteorological service SkyBit, Inc. Bravo 720, 3 pints/acre, was used for disease control. Foliar disease, yields, and postharvest decays were evaluated. Daily DSVs, cumulative DSVs, and forecast spray schedule varied with weather data source. Because SkyBit data generated more DSVs during the season than Field Monitor data, the SkyBit-based forecasts called for one or two more sprays than the Field Monitor-based forecasts. However, the number of sprays actually applied was the same, one more or one less for each combination of initiation and respray thresholds. All treatment schedules reduced disease compared to the untreated control. Variation in initiation threshold did not affect disease control. All TOM-CAST schedules respraying at 15 to 20 DSV were as effective as the weekly schedule. All fungicide treatments increased total yields and reduced postharvest decays compared to the untreated control. Most treatments also increased marketable yields. The most efficient, effective Field Monitor-generated TOM-CAST schedule required nine sprays compared to 13 weekly sprays. The comparable SkyBit-generated schedule called for 10 applications. Chemical name used: tetrachloroisophtalonitrile (chlorothalonil).

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