scholarly journals 011 RAPD ANALYSIS IDENTIFIES GENETIC VARIATION AND RELATEDNESS WITHIN THE CRANBERRY VARIETY MCFARLIN

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 429b-429
Author(s):  
Richard Novy ◽  
Nicholi Vorsa ◽  
Kim Patten
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Genetic Component ◽  
Morphological Descriptors ◽  
Related Individuals

The cranberry cultivar `HcFarlin', selected from a natural bog in Massachusetts in 1874, has become the most widely grown cultivar in the Northwestern U.S.A. Washington state growers have noted variable productivity among `McFarlin' bogs. The determination of whether there is a genetic basis for the variability has been made difficult by a paucity of reliable morphological descriptors in cranberry. A random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of 45 clones sampled from 12 WA `McFarlin' bogs identified 17 unique RAPD profiles. Cluster analysis identified 7 groups having various numbers of distinct, but related individuals. Eight clones were found to have RAPD profiles identical to the cultivar `Howes' indicating varietal misclassification had occurred in some bogs. One group of clones that originated from bogs classified as “Good” or “True” Mcfarlin' by growers had RAPD profiles similar to those of representatives from WI and MA `Mcfarlin' bogs. RAPD analysis has shown that `McFarlin' is represented by several genotypes, suggesting that the observed variability in production may have a genetic component.

Genotoxic evaluation of newly synthesized iminothiazolidinones

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 811-820
Author(s):  
Fatma Tulay Tugcu ◽  
Kadir Turhan ◽  
Mehmet Karadayi ◽  
Medine Gulluce
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
Genotoxic Compounds ◽  
Test Materials

The current study was designed to assess the potential toxicological effects of newly synthesized iminothiazolidinones by employing Ames Salmonella, Escherichia coli WP2, Zea mays seed germination, and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay systems. The bacterial tester strains S. typhimurium TA1535, TA1537, TA1538, TA98, TA100, and E. coli WP2 uvrA were chosen to test the direct gene mutation inducing capabilities of the test materials in prokaryotic systems and Z. mays seeds for determination of potential toxicological effects in eukaryotic systems. OPA-3 and OPA-6 primers were used in the RAPD analysis to determine genotoxic activities on the eukaryotic genomes. According to the results, none of the test materials showed significant mutagenic activity on the bacterial tester strains at the chosen concentrations. Additionally, none of the tested compounds showed inhibition of the germination of Z. mays seeds. In contrast, the RAPD analysis results were inconsistent with the bacterial reversion assays and the seed germination assay results. All test materials significantly changed the RAPD profiles for OPA-3; however, only compound 5 showed a significant change for OPA-6 when compared with the control groups. In conclusion, the newly synthesized iminothiazolidinone derivatives (C1–C5) were determined as potentially genotoxic compounds and they should be checked with multiple toxicology test systems before further studies to determine their actual use.

scholarly journals A composite transposon associated with erythromycin and clindamycin resistance in group B Streptococcus

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 947-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M. Puopolo ◽  
David C. Klinzing ◽  
Michelle P. Lin ◽  
Derek L. Yesucevitz ◽  
Michael J. Cieslewicz
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Southern Hybridization ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
Chromosomal Site ◽  
Streptococcal Species ◽  
Group B ◽  
Us Cities

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin has been isolated with increasing frequency since the mid-1990s. This work studied GBS isolates from three US cities to determine the genetic basis of the macrolide resistance phenotype. ermB genes were amplified from five isolates collected in Boston, Pittsburgh and Seattle from infant and adult sources. Gene-walking methods were used to determine the chromosomal location of ermB and to identify associated genes. Southern mapping and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analyses were used to distinguish the isolates. The ermB gene was present on the chromosome within a composite Tn917/Tn916-like transposon similar to one identified in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Four strains from Boston and Pittsburgh were serotype V and identical by Southern hybridization and RAPD analysis. The Seattle isolate was serotype Ib, with different patterns on RAPD analysis and Southern mapping. The composite transposon was integrated at an identical chromosomal site in all five isolates. The presence of this composite transposon in both GBS and pneumococci suggests that ermB-mediated macrolide resistance in streptococci may be due to the horizontal transfer of a mobile transposable element, and raises concern for further dissemination of high-grade erythromycin and clindamycin resistance among streptococcal species.

scholarly journals Analisis Keragaman Genetik Acremonium yang Berasosiasi dengan Tanaman Gaharu Menggunakan Teknik Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Dewi Rahmawati ◽  
Nurita Toruan-Mathius
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Geographical Locations

<p>Agarwood<br />or gaharu is a plant that has a high economic value in Asia,<br />due to its use for production of incense and traditional<br />medicines. The agarwood formation occurs in the trunk and<br />roots of trees that have been infected by a fungus, such as<br />Acremonium spp. Various fungi were associated with the<br />agarwood formation. Acremonium is generally considered as<br />highly polyphyletic, contains distantly related fungi. A study<br />was done to identify genetic diversities in 10 isolates of<br />Acremonium spp. from four different areas in Indonesia that<br />are associated with Aquilaria and Gyrinops verstigii using the<br />Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique.<br />Eight RAPD primers, i.e., OPA 02, OPB 04, OPB 07, OPB 17,<br />OPC 11, OPD 03, OPD 05, and OPE 07 were used in the<br />analyses. The results indicated that similarity index values of<br />the genetic variation ranged from 0.21 to 0.97. Based on the<br />Nei and Li’s similarity coefficients, these values indicating<br />the presence of high degree of genetic variability. The lowest<br />degree of genetic similarity were found between isolates F<br />(Acremonium spp., which is associated with G. verstigii from<br />Mataram, Nusa Tenggara Barat), and LM2 from south coastal<br />area of West Sumatra. The highest genetic similarity value<br />(0.97) was found between isolates Sr2 and Sr4 from Sorong,<br />Papua. Results from the cluster analysis indicated that the<br />isolates could be grouped into two major clusters that were<br />associated with their geographical locations.</p>

Genetic diversity of Kensington mango in Australia

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
ISE Bally ◽  
GC Graham ◽  
RJ Henry
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Genetic Variations ◽  
Oligonucleotide Primers

The genetic diversity of Kensington mangoes (Mangifera indica L.) was investigated using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. DNA was extracted from leaves of 27 'Kensington Pride', 2 'R2E2' and 1 seedling. RAPD analysis with 10 oligonucleotide primers allowed the scoring of 107 markers. The R2E2 trees (20% dissimilarity) and the seedling (10% dissimilarity) were distinct from the Kensington Pride. However, there was very little evidence of significant genetic variation within Kensington Pride selections. Fifteen of the selections were identical in all 107 markers. Only 2 selections, WEAN2 and ML2N1, differed by more than 5%. These plants provide the best options for use in genetic improvement of the Kensington Pride mango. Many of the differences found in Kensington mango orchards may be due to environmental factors not genetic variations.

scholarly journals ECOLOGY AND THE RAPD TECHNIQUES USED TO ASSESS THE GENETIC DIVERSITY IN PTEROLOBIUM HEXAPETALUM, A SCRAMBLING MEDICINAL SHRUB IN MARUTHAMALAI AND CHENNIMALAI HILLS, THE WESTERN GHATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 72-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHARMILA S. ◽  
AKILANDESWARI D. ◽  
RAMYA E. K. ◽  
MOWNIKA S.
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Individual Bands ◽  
Reproductive Characters ◽  
Two Populations

Objective: To investigate the ecological and genetic diversity, climatic factors, edaphic factors morphological and reproductive characters and RAPD analysis of medicinal plant species Pterolobium hexapetalum in two hills viz., Maruthamalai (arid) and Chennimalai (very arid), which is located in Coimbatore and Erode districts, Tamil Nadu. Methods: The present research was carried out by using a random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was made to determine the genetic variation between the two populations of the medicinal shrub, Pterolobium hexapetalum in an environmental gradient. Among the five primers tested, the OPN7 (80 %) and OPN17 (71.4 %) produced higher polymorphism was used in RAPD analysis. Results: The results of RAPD analysis showed the presence of 51 individual bands were formed, out of which, 29 were polymorphic bands which showed the existence of genetic variation between populations. A dendrogram was constructed based on Jaccard’s coefficient to determine the degree of genetic relationship among the two populations and analysed. The primers OPN7 and OPN17 were clustered together at a genetic distance level 10. Considering the elevation and proximity, the temperature ranges from 18 °C to 37.6 °C in Maruthamalai hill and 20 °C to 39.4 °C in Chennimalai hill. Conclusion: From the morphoecological studies the results indicated that both arid and very arid climatic conditions showed slight differences in their vegetative and reproductive characters.

Comparison of British populations of potato cyst nematodes with populations from continental Europe and South America using RAPDs

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. C. Blok ◽  
M. S. Phillips ◽  
B. E. Harrower
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
South America ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Globodera Pallida ◽  
Single Group ◽  
Cyst Nematodes ◽  
Bootstrap Analysis ◽  
Two Populations

Genetic variation between populations of Globodera pallida, primarily from Britain but including populations from continental Europe and South America and two Globodera rostochiensis populations, was examined using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Fourteen primers were used and 250 amplification products observed. A comparison was made of the similarities between the species and, within G. pallida, between populations from Britain, The Netherlands, Germany, and Switzerland, of the pathotypes Pa2 and Pa3. In addition, one Pa1 population and two others from South America were included. On the basis of the RAPD analysis, all the Pa2–Pa3 populations, except one from Scotland (Luffness), constituted a single group with no clear distinction based on pathotype designation. The Luffness population is known to be distinct in its virulence. The data indicated that the main Pa2–Pa3 group could be subdivided based on geographic origin, but this is not well supported by bootstrap analysis. The Pa1 population and the two populations from South America all formed distinct groups.Key words: genetic variation, Globodera pallida, introductions, RAPDs.

scholarly journals Detection of Genetic Variation among Camellia Parents and Hybrids Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1121C-1121
Author(s):  
Lianghong Chen ◽  
Shizhou Wang ◽  
Mack Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Molecular Approach ◽  
Random Primers ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Genotype A

The reliability of the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique in amplifying polymorphisim among the hybrids and their parents' genomes of the genus Camellia was evaluated. Three hybrids (`Londontowne Blush', `Ashton's Snow', and `Ashton's Cameo') and one of the parents, C. oleifrea`Plain Jane', provided by the America Camellia Society, Fort Valley, Ga., were investigated. Twenty 10-based random primers were tested in this study. Five out of 20 primers were selected for RAPD analysis based on the ability to produce unambiguously scoreable RAPD bands for evaluation and comparison of the genotypes under investigation. The five primers were selected because they produced distinct patterns of amplified bands for each tested genotype. A total of 162 RAPD bands were produced. Among the 162 bands, 86 bands showed polymorphisms. The amplified band sizes ranged from 236 to 1656 bp. These data indicate that in the three hybrids and one of the parents exist unique genomic regions. Our investigation results showed that the RAPD molecular approach can be used to discriminate genetic variation among hybrids and their parents.

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