scholarly journals 521 PB 483 RESISTANCE TO EASTERN FILBERT BLIGHT IN CORYLUS SPECIES AND INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 506b-506
Author(s):  
Glare J. Coyne ◽  
Shawn A. Mehlenbacher
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Single Dominant Gene ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Anisogramma Anomala ◽  
Eastern Filbert Blight ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Kernel Traits

Eastern filbert blight (EFB) (Anisogramma anomala) is a serious disease of the European hazelnut (Coryls avellana). A single dominant gene for immunity to EFB from C. avellana `Gasaway' is being combined with good nut and kernel traits using a modified backcross approach. Additional sources of resistance would be highly desirable. Clones and seedlings of six other species (C. columa, C. comuta, C. heterophylla, C. sieboldiana, C. amencana, and C. jaquemontii] and a few interspecific hybrid selections were screened in the greenhouse to identify new sources of resistance. C. jacquemontii seedlings and C. columa clones were highly susceptible. C. comuta, C. hetemphylla, and C. sieboldiana clones were resistant, as were 86% of the C. americana seedlings tested. Five C. americana × C. avellana hybrids from New York were resistant under field conditions. One of four C. comuta × C. avellana and two of three C. hetemphylla × C. avellana hybrids were resistant.

scholarly journals Hazelnut Accessions Provide New Sources of Resistance to Eastern Filbert Blight

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 466-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honglin Chen ◽  
Shawn A. Mehlenbacher ◽  
David C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Corylus Avellana ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Backcross Hybrid ◽  
Complete Resistance ◽  
Anisogramma Anomala ◽  
Eastern Filbert Blight

A diverse collection of 58 hazelnut accessions, including Corylus avellana L. and interspecific hybrids, were evaluated for their response to the eastern filbert blight pathogen Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Müller after greenhouse inoculation. Evaluations were made using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and visual inspection. Forty-five of these became infected, 12 remained free of infection, and one gave inconclusive results. The 12 accessions showing complete resistance were European hazelnuts ‘Culpla’ from Spain and CCOR 187 from Finland; C. americana × C. avellana hybrids ‘G081S’, CCOR 506, and Weschcke selections TP1, TP2 and TP3; C. colurna × C. avellana hybrids Chinese Trazels Gellatly #6 and #11; Turkish Trazel Gellatly #3 and backcross hybrid ‘Lisa’; and C. heterophylla var. sutchuensis × C. avellana hybrid ‘Estrella #1’. In a second test, exposure of potted trees under structures topped with diseased wood confirmed the complete resistance of ‘Santiam’, four pollinizers, and ‘Ratoli’. However, a few small cankers were observed on ‘Closca Molla’ from Spain and OSU 729.012, with resistance from C. californica (A.DC.) Rose, in contrast to the results of earlier greenhouse inoculations.

scholarly journals Eastern Filbert Blight Resistance in American and Interspecific Hybrid Hazelnuts

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald S. Revord ◽  
Sarah T. Lovell ◽  
John M. Capik ◽  
Shawn A. Mehlenbacher ◽  
Thomas J. Molnar
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
The Past ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Anisogramma Anomala ◽  
Eastern Filbert Blight ◽  
Made In

Eastern filbert blight (EFB), caused by the fungus Anisogramma anomala, is a primary limitation to european hazelnut (Corylus avellana) cultivation in eastern North America. American hazelnut (Corylus americana) is the endemic host of A. anomala and, despite its tiny, thick-shelled nuts, is a potentially valuable source of EFB resistance and climatic adaptation. Interspecific hybrids (Corylus americana × C. avellana) have been explored for nearly a century as a means to combine EFB resistance with wider adaptability and larger nuts. Although significant progress was made in the past, the genetic diversity of the starting material was limited and additional improvements are needed for expansion of hazelnut (Corylus sp.) production outside of Oregon, where 99% of the U.S. crop is currently produced. Our objective was to determine if C. americana can be a donor of EFB resistance. We crossed 29 diverse EFB-resistant C. americana accessions to EFB-susceptible C. avellana selections (31 total progenies) to produce 2031 F1 plants. In addition, new C. americana germplasm was procured from across the native range of the species. The new collection of 1335 plants from 122 seed lots represents 72 counties and 22 states. The interspecific hybrid progenies and a subset of the American collection (616 trees from 62 seed lots) were field planted and evaluated for EFB response following field inoculations and natural disease spread over seven growing seasons. EFB was rated on a scale of 0 (no EFB) to 5 (all stems containing cankers). Results showed that progeny means of the interspecific hybrids ranged from 0.96 to 4.72. Fourteen of the 31 progenies were composed of at least one-third EFB-free or highly tolerant offspring (i.e., ratings 0–2), transmitting a significant level of resistance/tolerance. Several corresponding C. americana accessions that imparted a greater degree of resistance to their hybrid offspring were also identified. In addition, results showed that 587 (95.3%) of the 616 C. americana plants evaluated remained completely free of EFB. These findings confirm reports that the species rarely expresses signs or symptoms of the disease and should be robustly studied and exploited in breeding.

scholarly journals Sources of Resistance to Eastern Filbert Blight in Hazelnut

1998 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarice J. Coyne ◽  
Shawn A. Mehlenbacher ◽  
David C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
The United States ◽  
Corylus Avellana ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Corylus Cornuta ◽  
Anisogramma Anomala ◽  
Eastern Filbert Blight ◽  
Significant Disease

Eastern filbert blight is an economically significant disease in European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) production in the United States. Since genetic resistance is the only viable disease control strategy to this fungal disease caused by Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Müller, greenhouse and field screening of germplasm was undertaken to study the inheritance from known resistant sources and to identify new sources for inclusion in the breeding program. We confirmed that `Gasaway' resistance to this disease is conferred by a single dominant gene. No major gen was identified in the field-resistant cultivar Gem. Representatives of six Corylus species were screened to identify new resistant germplasm. Corylus cornuta Marshall var. cornuta, C. cornuta var. californica (A.DC.) Sharp, C. heterophylla Fischer, and C. sieboldiana Blume were highly resistant, as were most C. americana Marshall genotypes and one C. colurna L. clone tested, but C. jacquenontii Decaisne was highly susceptible. In several cases, hybrids of these species with susceptible C. avellana were also resistant. These new sources of resisstance are being incorporated in the resistance breeding effort.

Resistance to Lettuce Infectious Yellows Virus in Melon

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 534b-534
Author(s):  
James D. McCreight
Keyword(s):  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Single Dominant Gene ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Sweetpotato Whitefly ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Lettuce Infectious Yellows Virus ◽  
Greenhouse Tests

Yellowing of melon (Cucumis melo L.) incited by lettuce infectious yellows virus (LIYV) reduces yield and fruit quality of infected plants. LIYV is transmitted only by the sweetpotato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn.). Two naturally infected field tests indicated several potential sources of resistance to LIYV. PI 124112 and `Snake Melon' had mild symptoms in both field tests whereas PI 313970 was asymptomatic in the test in which it was included. In greenhouse tests using controlled inoculation, PI 313970 was asymptomatic, had negative ELISA assays for LIYV, and was negative for LIYV in serial transfers to Chenopodium. `Top Mark' and `PMR 5' were symptomatic, had positive ELISA assays for LIYV, and were positive for LIYV in serial transfers to Chenopodium in these greenhouse tests. Limited data indicate that resistance in PI 313970 is conditioned by a single, dominant gene.

scholarly journals Identification and Mapping of DNA Markers Linked to Eastern Filbert Blight Resistance from OSU 408.040 Hazelnut

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 570-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidyasagar R. Sathuvalli ◽  
Shawn A. Mehlenbacher ◽  
David C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
State University ◽  
Willamette Valley ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Disease Marker ◽  
Anisogramma Anomala ◽  
Eastern Filbert Blight

Eastern filbert blight (EFB) of European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.), caused by the pyrenomycete Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Müller, is a major disease problem and production constraint in Oregon’s Willamette Valley. Host genetic resistance is viewed as the most economical means of controlling this disease. Marker-assisted selection has been extensively used for ‘Gasaway’ resistance in the hazelnut breeding program at Oregon State University (OSU). Concern over potential breakdown of this single resistance gene prompted a search for new sources of resistance. Selection OSU 408.040 showed no signs or symptoms of the fungus after a series of disease inoculations, and resistance was transmitted to half of its offspring, indicating control by a dominant allele at a single locus. In this study, we identified six random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and 11 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers linked to EFB resistance from OSU 408.040. The new markers supplement the previously identified amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. A linkage map constructed in the progeny OSU 245.098 × OSU 408.040 spanned a distance of 19.5 cM with the resistance locus cosegregating with AFLP marker A8-150 and located between SSR markers LG675 and LG682. Using SSR markers as anchor loci, OSU 408.040 resistance was assigned to linkage group 6 (LG6). Comparison with the previously mapped ‘Gasaway’ resistance locus showed that resistance from OSU 408.040 maps to the same location.

INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE TO FRUIT FLY IN WATERMELON

1978 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Khandelwal ◽  
Prem Nath
Keyword(s):  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Single Dominant Gene ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Resistant Gene

Inheritance of resistance to the fruit fly Dacus cucurbitae Coq., was studied in intervarietal crosses of watermelon Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Mansf. Two sources of resistance J 18-1 and J 56-1 were used. The resistance of watermelon to the fruit fly was controlled by a single dominant gene. The symbol Fwr has been proposed to denote the resistant gene.

scholarly journals AFLP Markers Linked to Eastern Filbert Blight Resistance from OSU 408.040 Hazelnut

2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honglin Chen ◽  
Shawn A. Mehlenbacher ◽  
David C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Willamette Valley ◽  
Negative Segregation ◽  
Anisogramma Anomala ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Eastern Filbert Blight

Eastern filbert blight (EFB), caused by Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Müller, is a devastating disease to european hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) orchards in the Willamette Valley of Oregon. Selection OSU 408.040 showed no symptoms or signs of the fungus following greenhouse inoculations, and enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays (ELISAs) were negative. Segregation ratios in three progenies indicate that a single dominant gene controls the resistance. A total of 64 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) primer combinations were screened using three resistant and three susceptible individuals as well as the parents of the cross OSU 245.098 × OSU 408.040. Primer combinations that showed no more than one recombinant in these six seedlings were investigated in 30 additional seedlings. Markers that showed <15% recombination with resistance were amplified in the remaining seedlings of the population. Five AFLP markers linked in coupling to resistance were identified. B2-125 was located on one side of the resistance locus at a distance of 4.1 centimorgans (cM), while A4-265 (9.2 cM), C2-175 (5.9 cM) and D8-350 (2.5 cM) were on the other side, and A8-150 cosegregated with resistance. Three of these markers (B2-125, C2-175, and D8-350) were also linked in coupling in a similar order in seedlings from a second progeny. These markers may be useful in marker-assisted selection for eastern filbert blight resistance from hazelnut selection OSU 408.040.

scholarly journals Survey of Hazelnut Cultivars for Response to Eastern Filbert Blight Inoculation

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 729-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
China F. Lunde ◽  
Shawn A. Mehlenbacher ◽  
David C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Corylus Avellana ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Resistant Parent ◽  
Anisogramma Anomala ◽  
Eastern Filbert Blight

Ninety hazelnut (Corylus sp.) genotypes were surveyed for response to the eastern filbert blight pathogen [Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Müller] following greenhouse inoculation using a combination of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and visual inspection for cankers. Most were cultivars of the European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) and a few were interspecific hybrids. Six genotypes did not display signs of the pathogen or symptoms of disease: `Closca Molla', `Ratoli', `Yoder #5', `Potomac', `Medium Long', and `Grand Traverse'. `Closca Molla' and `Ratoli', both minor Spanish cultivars, are superior in many respects to `Gasaway', which has been extensively used as a completely resistant parent in breeding. `Potomac' and `Yoder #5' have C. americana Marsh. in their pedigrees, `Grand Traverse' is one-quarter C. colurna, and the origin of `Medium Long' is uncertain. The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker generated by primer UBC 152, which is linked to the single dominant resistance gene of `Gasaway', is absent in these six genotypes, and thus they appear to be novel sources of genetic resistance to this devastating disease.

Powdery mildew resistance in soybean PI 243540 is controlled by a single dominant gene

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 939-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-T. Kang ◽  
M.A. Rouf Mian
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Single Dominant Gene ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Mildew Resistance

Powdery mildew (Microsphaera diffusa Cooke & Peck) is a common disease of soybean in many countries of the world, including the northern United States of America and parts of Canada. The genetic resistance of soybean to M. diffusa is known to be controlled by a single locus with three alleles designated as Rmd, Rmd-c and rmd. Identification and characterization of sources of resistance is a prerequisite for the development of resistant cultivars. The objective of this study was to determine the inheritance of powdery mildew resistance in a plant introduction (PI) from Japan, PI 243540. The inheritance of powdery mildew was determined in a segregating population from a cross between powdery mildew susceptible Ohio cultivar Wyandot and PI 243540. The parents and the progeny showed a consistent response to powdery mildew for all growth stages of plants. The two parents, the F1, F2, and F2:3 families from the cross were screened in a greenhouse and field following inoculation with M. diffusa. All F1 plants were resistant to M. diffusa and χ2 analysis for segregation in the population of 343 F2 plants indicated a tight fit for a 3:1 (P = 0.78) ratio, indicative of a single dominant gene. In the next generation, the 334 F2-derived families fit an expected 1 resistant:2 segregating:1 susceptible segregation ratio (P =0.88), which confirmed the results obtained in the F2 generation. Our results indicate that the powdery mildew resistance derived from PI 243540 is controlled by a single dominant gene linked to the Rmd/ Rmd-c/rmd locus. The simple inheritance of this gene should make it relatively easy to find linked DNA markers and transfer the gene to susceptible elite cultivars using the backcross breeding approach.

scholarly journals Eastern Filbert Blight Resistance in Hazelnut Accessions ‘Culplà’, ‘Crvenje’, and OSU 495.072

2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brooke C. Colburn ◽  
Shawn A. Mehlenbacher ◽  
Vidyasagar R. Sathuvalli ◽  
David C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Reciprocal Translocations ◽  
Resistant Parent ◽  
Disease Response ◽  
Cultural Methods ◽  
Anisogramma Anomala ◽  
Eastern Filbert Blight

European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is a significant crop in Oregon, where 99% of United States hazelnuts are produced. Eastern filbert blight (EFB) caused by Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Müller is an important disease that infects the trees, reduces yield, and causes premature death. Managing the disease through cultural methods and fungicide applications is laborious and expensive, and genetic host resistance is considered the most viable option for control. Genetic resistance from ‘Gasaway’ has been used to develop resistant cultivars including Yamhill and Jefferson, but concern about the durability of this single resistance gene stimulated a search for additional sources of resistance. This study used three recently identified sources of EFB resistance: ‘Culplà’ from Spain, ‘Crvenje’ from Serbia, and OSU 495.072 from southern Russia. RAPD markers linked to resistance from ‘Gasaway’ were absent in all three accessions. Disease response was noted in segregating progenies following greenhouse or structure inoculation, and the resistance loci were mapped using microsatellite markers. In only four of the nine progenies did segregation for disease response fit the ratio of 1 resistant:1 susceptible expected for a single locus, a heterozygous resistant parent, and a dominant allele for resistance. Three progenies showed an excess of resistant seedlings while two showed a deficiency of resistant seedlings. The reciprocal translocations reported in several leading hazelnut cultivars may be present in the parents of the studied progenies, and affecting the segregation ratios. Microsatellite marker A614, previously mapped to linkage group (LG) 6, was closely linked to resistance from all three sources. Maps were constructed for LG6 for each resistant parent using microsatellite markers. The three resistance loci mapped to the same region on LG6 where resistance from ‘Gasaway’ and OSU 408.040 are located. The resistance alleles in all five accessions may be the same, or more likely are a cluster of different resistance genes in the same region. Markers LG628, LG610, and LG696 will be useful to breed new hazelnut cultivars with resistance from Culplà, Crvenje, and OSU 495.072.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document