scholarly journals In-row Plant Spacing Affects Growth and Yield of Pepperoncini Pepper

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl E. Motsenbocker
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Plant Leaf ◽  
Plant Stem ◽  
Leaf Dry Weight ◽  
Pepper Plants

Pepperoncini pepper (Capsicum annuum var. annuum L. `Golden Greek') was grown at in-row spacings of 7.5, 15, 22.5, 30, and 45 cm to determine the effect of plant population on growth and fruit yield in a 2-year field study. In 1992, pepper plants grown at the 15-cm in-row spacing had the lowest plant, stem, and leaf dry weights, while plants at the lowest density (45-cm spacing) had the highest plant, leaf, and stem dry weights and the largest leaf area (LA). Of plants grown at the 7.5-cm spacing, the total yield and fruit count per hectare were higher than at the other spacings; however, fruit yield per plant was lowest. In 1993, the lowest plant and leaf dry weights and LA and highest LA index (LAI) were from plants at the 7.5-cm in-row spacing. Plants at the 45-cm spacing had the highest plant and leaf dry weight and LA and the lowest LAI. Pepper plants grown at the narrowest spacing produced the lowest early and total fruit yield per plant but the most fruit per hectare. In general, plants grown at the narrowest spacings produced the smallest plant, leaf, and stem biomass but resulted in the highest fruit yields and counts per hectare and the lowest fruit yields per plant.

Growth and yield impact of oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq P. Kumm) cultivated on different agricultural wastes

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 2225-2233
Author(s):  
M. O. Agba ◽  
◽  
A. A. Markson ◽  
J. O. Oni ◽  
G. A. Bassey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Body ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Essential Food

Pleurotus ostreatus, an edible mushroom is an essential food product. Recognised as one of the cheapest sources of proteins, their high nutritional and anti-nutritional properties are of immense importance to humans. The present study evaluated the effect of sawdust and dried plantain leaves on the growth and yield of Pleurotus ostreatus. Sawdust and dried plantain leaves were composted into seven substrates; as single substrates and at different combinations. The composted substrates include sawdust 100 % (M0), Dry plantain leaves 100% (M1), Dry plantain leaves + sawdust at the ratio of 1:4 (M2), 2:3 (M3), 3:2 (M4), 1:1 (M5) and 4:1(M6). Growth parameters of interest assessed flush include mycelia running rate (MRR), area of pileus, length of the stipe, the girth of the stipe, fresh weight and dry weight, number of fruit body, total yield and biological efficiency. At the end of the three weeks spawn running period, M0 was overall best in supporting mycelia running rate with a mean MRR of 16.00 cm. M1 substrates produced mushroom with longer and bigger stipes (7.17 cm) at the first flush. A higher number of fruit bodies (82.66), total yield (130.35 g), and biological efficiency (43.45 g) were all seen in M0 substrates. Sawdust at 100 % (M0) proved to be the best substrate for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus.

scholarly journals Effects of Cover Methods and Nitrogen Levels on the Growth and Yield of Tomato

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1021-1033
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Loan ◽  
Tran Thi My Can
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Black Plastic

To study the effects of cover methods and nitrogen (N) levels on the growth and yield components of tomato Cv. Pear F1, field experiments with a 4x3 factorial design were conducted in the 2019 spring and winter seasons using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The cover methods included four treatments: bare soil (BS), black plastic mulch (BPM), transparent polypropylene row cover (RC), and a combination of BPM and RC (BPMRC) with the RC removed approximately 30 days after transplanting. Nitrogen (N) was applied at three levels (150, 180, and 210 kg N ha-1). Using BPM and RC generally led to an increased air temperature, air humidity, soil moisture, and soil temperature compared to the BS treatment. Higher N rates (180 and 210 kg N ha-1) did not result  in different tomato fruit sizes and fruit weights but positively increased fruit yield and quality (Brix values and fruit dry weight) as compared to the 150 kg N ha-1 addition. The cover methods positively affected the yield components and fruit yield of tomato as well as the fruit characteristics compared to the BS treatment. Using cover materials (BPM and RC) combined with a higher N application significantly increased the yield attributes and fruit yield. The highest fruit yield was achieved under the mulching treatment by black plastic (BPM treatment) combined with a 210 kg N ha-1 application, resulting in 50.90 tons ha-1 in the spring and 58.27 tons ha-1 in the winter.

scholarly journals Differences in growth and yield responses to Aphis gossypii Glover between different okra varieties

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.K. Shannag ◽  
J.M. Al-Qudah ◽  
I.M. Makhadmeh ◽  
N.M. Freihat
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Experimental Plant ◽  
Local Reduction ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Aphid Populations

The reactions of five commercial varieties of okra, <i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i>, to <i>A. gossypii</i> were evaluated under semiarid field conditions. Each experimental plant of varieties Clemson spineless, Clemson spineless 80, Lee, Perkins dwarf, and Local was infested 60 days after emergence by three late-nymphal instars of the aphid. The results showed that aphid populations increased constantly on the varieties, except for days 42 and 49 after infestation, attaining a peak at about the end of the growing season. Differences in aphid densities were recorded between varieties. The aphids were most numerous on var. Local, while lowest in number on var. Lee. Infestation by aphids on okra varieties reduced yield by 57% on var. Perkins dwarf, 56% on var. Lee, 24% on var. Clemson spineless, 21% on var. Clemson spineless 80, and 5% on var. Local. Reduction in the number of pods produced per plant followed the same pattern as observed for total yield. Aphids had not altered significantly the vegetative plant growth at day 37 following infestation. At day 66, a substantial decrease in shoot fresh and dry weights and also leaf area was evident on var. Perkins dwarf while on var. Clemson spineless only the leaf area was significantly reduced. Moreover, aphid-free controls varied widely in their growth and productivity at the end of growing season. Varieties Clemson spineless and Clemson spineless 80 produced the highest total yield and pod numbers, var. Local the lowest. The varieties Perkins dwarf and Clemson spineless produced significantly higher shoot fresh and dry weight, as well as leaf area, than vars. Lee and Local.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Plant Spacing on Vegetative Growth of Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
Baha Eldin. M. Idris ◽  
Wael. A. Marajan ◽  
Abubaker Haroun Mohamed Adam
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Leaf Dry Weight

Despite the existing several Sugar manufacturing companies in Sudan, there is an acute shortage in sugar supply, therefore the government imports Sugar to bridge the gap. One of the strategies to be followed is the introduction of Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) crop, mainly for sugar production. This crop has several advantages over Sugarcane such as short duration, less water requirement, in addition to other uses like animal feed. Therefore it became necessary to have good understanding of agricultural operations, cultural practices and adaptation. However, the main objective of this study was to assess the effect of Nitrogen fertilizer and plant spacing on vegetative growth of Sugar beet. This study was conducted at the farm of the College of Agriculture, University of Bahri, Alkadro, Khartoum State-Sudan; during the season 2016/2017. The experiment was arranged in Split plot in Randomized Complete Block Design with six treatments and four replications. Two plant spacing (15 and 20 cm.) were used as main plot, referred as (S1, S2) along with three levels of Nitrogen fertilizer (40, 80 and 120 kg/ha.), as subplot; referred as (N1, N2 and N3) and the control (0). Data regarding leaf number, leaf area index (LAI), leaf dry weight (g) (LDW), root diameter (mm.) and root fresh weight were recorded and statistically analyzed. The results showed S2 (20 cm) increased all the studied plant characters, namely the leaf number (29.139), leaf area index by (7.54), leaf dry weight (g) to (89.870), root diameter (mm) (94,992), root fresh weight (g) (695.80) compared to S1(1015 cm). On the other hand; the application of N3 (120 kg/ha.) increased the lead number (30.956), leaf Area Index (8.841), Leaf dry weight (102.47), root diameter (97.955) and root fresh weight (851.77) compared to S2 and S1 as presented in (table 4, table 5 and table 6).

scholarly journals The Effect of leaves Feeding with Heomic Acid in Some Growth and Producing Properties of Sun Flower Plant. Helianthus annuus L: تأثير التغذية الورقية بحامض الهيوميك في بعض صفات النمو والحاصل لنبات زهرة الشمس .Helianthus annuus L

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Moutcher Murzah Al-Shamri - Najm Abdullah Juma Al - Zuba
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Flower Plant ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Four Levels

A factorial experiment was applied according to Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D) with three replications, during the spring season 2017 in Diyala / Baquba / Buhriz city, using silt loam soil to study the effect of four levels of foliar fertilization with humic acid 0, 2, 4, 6 ml.L-1 in the growth and yield of sunflower, Helianthus annuus  L. (LuLeo). The results showed significant differences for level of humic acid 6 ml.L-1 in plant height which gave an average 213.73 cm, leaf area of the plant 5597.32 cm2, chlorophyll index 48.64 SPAD, dry weight of the plant 215.0 g, number of seeds in the flowery disc 1494 seed.disc-1, 1000 seeds weight 88.3 g, plant yield 127.91 g.plant-1, total yield 6.81 ton.h-1 and oil percentage in the seeds 43.184%, while the level 4 ml.L-1 humic acid gave the highest average for the protein percentage in the seeds 18.34%.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Improving Cucumber Yield without Chemical Control in Soils Susceptible to Nematode Buildup

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1136-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.Y. Hanna ◽  
P.D. Colyer ◽  
T.L. Kirkpatrick ◽  
D.J. Romaine ◽  
P.R. Vernon
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Double Cropping ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Cucumber Yield

Studies were conducted for 2 years in root-knot-nematode-infested soils to determine growth and yield response of `Dasher II' cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) to double-cropping with nematode-resistant tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), using nematode-free cucumber transplants and preplant treatment with ethoprop nematicide. Cucumbers grown following the nematode-resistant `Celebrity' tomato during the same season produced significantly more plant dry weight, more fruit per plant, and higher premium and total yields than did cucumbers double-cropped with the nematode-susceptible `Heatwave' tomato in both years. The cucumber produced longer stems in 1992 and fewer culls in 1993 following resistant tomatoes. Cucumber plants raised in nematode-free soilless mix for 3 weeks before transplanting produced significantly longer stems and more plant dry weight than did direct-seeded cucumbers in 1992, but not in 1993; however, they produced significantly higher premium yield in both years, and higher total yield, more fruit per plant, and fewer culls in 1993. Preplant treatment with ethoprop significantly increased cucumber stem length, dry weight, premium and total yield, and number of fruit per plant in 1992 but not in 1993. Ethoprop treatment had no effect on the percentage of culls in either year. Chemical name used: O-ethyl S,S-dipropyl phosphorodithioate (ethoprop).

scholarly journals Plant Spatial Arrangement Affects Growth, Yield, and Pod Distribution of Cayenne Peppers

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis R. Decoteau ◽  
Heather A. Hatt Graham
Keyword(s):  
Growth Yield ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Plant Canopy ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Single Row ◽  
Pepper Plants

The effect of planting population density (as a function of in-row plant spacing and number of rows per bed) on the growth, yield, and pod distribution of cayenne pepper (Capsicum annuum var. annuum L. cv. Carolina Cayenne) was investigated in a 2-year study. In 1988, 15 -, 30-, 45-, and 60-cm in-row spacings in a single row were evaluated, and in 198915 -,30-, and 60-cm in-row spacings in single and double rows were evaluated. Plant population densities at these respective spacings ranged from≈ 11,100 to 44,400 and 11,100 to 88,900 plants/ha. In 1988, pepper plants grown at the highest density (15-cm in-row spacing, 44,400 plant/ha) produced less fruit per plant but more fruit per hectare than those grown in lower densities. In 1989, yields with either a 15-cm in-row spacing in a single row or a 30-cm in-row spacing in double rows (both with 44,400 plants/ha) were higher than in the others. In general, less fruit were located in the lower part of the plant canopy when planted in higher plant population densities.

scholarly journals APPLE TREE LIGHT INTERCEPTION, PHOTOSYNTHESIS, GROWTH, AND YIELD AS AFFECTED BY DIFFERENT ROOTSTOCKS

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1128c-1128
Author(s):  
Ido Schechter ◽  
D.C. Elfving ◽  
J.T.A. Proctor
Keyword(s):  
Apple Tree ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Light Interception ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Canopy Development ◽  
Yield Efficiency ◽  
Leaf Distribution ◽  
Mature Apple ◽  
Leaf Dry Weight

Mature apple (Malus domestic a Borkh.) trees with “Starkspur Supreme Delicious” as the scion grafted on nine different rootstocks were studied in 1987 and 1988. Canopy seasonal development and its light interception were examined using fisheye (hemispherical) photographs Rootstock affected the amount of structural wood, the rate of canopy development and the final leaf area. However, rootstock did not affect the sigmoidal pattern of canopy development. Photosynthesis (Pn) was measured under field conditions. Shoot leaves, spur leaves on spurs without fruits (S-F), and spur leaves on spurs with fruit (S+F) from trees on M.26 EMLA and OAR 1 showed no differences in Pn rates. However, for both rootstock, shoot leaves had the highest Pn rate, S+F the lowest, and S-F leaves had intermediate values Growth and yield components were assessed by leaf separation into shoot and spur leaves while harvesting them. Rootstock strongly affected the canopy leaf distribution as well as leaf number, dry weight, area, number of spurs and yield PCLC. Yield efficiency was mainly dependent upon spur leaf dry weight. OAR 1 performed uniquely in this study

scholarly journals RESPON VARIETAS WIJEN (Sesamum indicum L.) SECARA TUMPANGSARI DENGAN JARAK KEPYAR (Ricinus communis L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
AMIK KRISMAWATI
Keyword(s):  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Plot Design

ABSTRAK<br />Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian<br />Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat, Karangploso, Malang, mulai bulan Mei<br />sampai dengan Oktober 2001. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memperoleh<br />varietas wijen yang sesuai pada sistem tumpangsari dengan tanaman jarak<br />kepyar. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan petak<br />berlajur dengan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan tumpangsari terdiri dari dua<br />faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu varietas tanaman jarak kepyar Asembagus<br />81 (Asb 81) dan Asembagus 104 (Asb 104). Faktor kedua yaitu<br />varietas wijen Sumberrejo 1 (Sbr 1) dan Sumberrejo 2 (Sbr 2). Pada<br />setiap ulangan juga ditanam varietas monokulturnya. Ukuran petak 6 m<br />x 6 m, jarak tanam untuk tanaman jarak kepyar 2 m x 2 m (satu<br />tanaman per lubang) dan varietas wijen 0,5 m x 0,25 m (satu tanaman<br />per lubang). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman wijen varietas<br />Sumberrejo 1 dengan tanaman jarak kepyar varietas Asembagus 104<br />memberikan hasil 632,55 gram biji wijen per petak dan 637,63 biji jarak<br />per petak. Parameter total hasil relatif (RYT) sistem tumpangsari wijen<br />dengan tanaman jarak kepyar lebih besar dari satu ( &gt; 1) yaitu antara 1,687<br />sampai dengan 1,787, sehingga sistem tumpangsari tersebut efisien dalam<br />memanfaatkan lahan.<br />Kata kunci : Wijen, Sesamum indicum L., jarak kepyar, Ricinus communis<br />L., tumpangsari, pertumbuhan, hasil, Jawa Timur<br />ABSTRACT<br />Response of sesamum variety as intercrops with castor on<br />their growth and yield<br />The experiment was conducted in the Experimental Garden of the<br />Indonesian Tobacco and Fibre Crops Research Institute in Malang, from<br />May to October 2001. The objective of the study was to find out the<br />variety of sesame which is suitable for intercropping with castor. A strip<br />plot design was used with three replications. The factorial treatment<br />consisted of two factors. The first factor was castor varieties (Asembagus<br />81 and Asembagus 104). The second factor was sesame varieties<br />(Sumberrejo 1 and Sumberrejo 2). In each replication, castor and sesame<br />varieties were planted as monocultures. The plot size was 6 m x 6 m,<br />castor and sesame plant spacing were 2 m x 2 m and 0,50 m x 0,25 m<br />respectively. The results showed that the intercropping of sesame<br />Sumbererjo 1 variety and castor Asembagus 104 variety produced 632,55<br />gram sesame seed per plot and 637,63 gram seed castor per plot. The<br />highest relative total yield on intercropping castor and sesame was<br />obtained by Asembagus 104 and Sumberrejo 1 at 1,787 and the lowest<br />relative total yield was obtained by Asembagus 104 and Sumberrejo 2 at<br />1,687. RYT value of the intercropping system was more than one which is<br />considered as efficient in land use.<br />Key words: Sesame, Sesamum indicum L., castor, Ricinus communis L.,<br />intercropping, growth, yield, East Java.

scholarly journals Effect of plant spacing on growth and yield of winged bean

1969 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-276
Author(s):  
C. T. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Winged Bean ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Psophocarpus Tetragonolobus ◽  
Experiment Station ◽  
Agricultural Experiment

The effect of plant spacing on growth and yield of winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) D.C.) cultivar Chimbu was evaluated at Guam Agricultural Experiment Station. Plant spacings included 12.5, 25.0, 50.0 and 75.0 cm within-row at the same between-row spacing of 1.22 m (equivalent to 13,333, 20,000, 40,000 and 80,000 plants/ha, respectively). Days to first flower in closest spacing (12.5 cm) was significantly delayed 8 days longer than that from widest spacing (75 cm). Wider spacings of 50 and 75 cm produced higher numbers of basal branches (3.6 and 3.8, respectively) and green pods per plant (65.3 and 83.3, respectively) than closer spacings of 12.5 and 25 cm. For yields both of green pod and dry seed the optimum spacings were plant spacings of 50 and 75 cm. The result of higher yields indicated that cultivar Chimbu compensated for wider spacings by producing higher numbers of basal branches and green pods and larger green pods than at closer spacings.

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