scholarly journals Size of Tuber Propagule Influences Injury of `Kennebec' Potato Plants by Constant Light

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1164-1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent E. Cushman ◽  
Theodore W. Tibbitts
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Constant Light ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Plant Vigor ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Large Tuber ◽  
Necrotic Spotting

Chlorosis and necrotic spotting develop on the foliage of particular cultivars of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) when grown under constant light. `Kennebec', a cultivar severely injured by constant light when propagated from tissue-cultured plantlets, also was injured when plants were propagated from small tuber pieces (≈1 g). However, plants did not develop injury when propagated from large tuber pieces (≈100 g). Plants from large tuber pieces grew more rapidly than plants from small tuber pieces. The role of plant vigor and carbohydrate translocation in controlling injury development is discussed.

scholarly journals 125 THE ROLE OF ETHYLENE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CONSTANT-LIGHT INJURY OF POTATO

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 446c-446
Author(s):  
K. E. Cushman ◽  
T. W. Tibbitts
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Constant Light ◽  
Silver Thiosulfate ◽  
Ethylene Action ◽  
Teflon Film ◽  
Necrotic Spotting

Chlorosis and necrotic spotting develop on expanding leaves of particular cultivars of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) when grown under constant light and temperature conditions. Plantlets of a constant-light sensitive cultivar, Kennebec, were planted into peat:vermiculite and established at 18C for 10 d under a 12 h light: 12 h dark photoperiod. Plants were then exposed to constant light and sprayed with 1 ml of either 0.5 mM silver thiosulfate (STS), an ethylene-action inhibitor, or water (as a control) every 2 days. Specific `target' leaflets, 5-10 mm in length at the beginning of the constant-light period, were harvested on days 5-9 of constant light, during injury development, and placed in bags made of Teflon film for IO-15 minutes to collect ethylene. Ethylene release and necrotic spotting increased as days of constant light increased for both water and STS-treated leaves, though STS-treated leaves produced slightly less ethylene and significantly less necrotic spotting than water-treated leaves. Ethylene release was correlated with extent of necrotic spotting. STS-treated plants exhibited greater dry weight and leaf area then water-treated plants. The results indicate that ethylene is not only produced by injured leaf tissue but, in addition, that ethylene may have a role in the development of constant-light injury symptoms.

scholarly journals Etude Des Effets Des Régulateurs De Croissance Sur La Les Stades De Prolifération Et De Développement De La Pomme De Terre (Solanum Tuberosum. L) In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Sadek Chahredine ◽  
Nadia Ykhlef
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Régulateurs De Croissance ◽  
Role Of Light

The aim of this study is to determine the effects of different concentrations and combinations of the phytohormones, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP): M1 (0.5 mg / l +1 mg / l), M2 (1 mg / l + 0.5 mg / l) , M3 (2 mg / l +2 mg / l), M4 (0.5 mg / l + l mg / l, NAA), M5 (1.0 mg / l + l mg / l , NAA), and M6 (2.0 mg / l + l mg / l, NAA). This study was carried out in dark condition on callus induction of potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars from potato tuber bud so as to demonstrate the role of light. The callus initiation begins after 7 days of incubation for all studied media. After two months of incubation, the better development of callus was noted in Spunta variety by using medium M1, M2, M3, and M6. The calluses took a compact structure of brown-white color for both varieties with a callus induction rate of 20- 40%. This was collected with kondor variety for M2 and (M3, M4, M5) media respectively and 10-30% for M4 (M1, M2, M3) for Spunta variety also. The highest fresh weight was recorded on M2 medium with 0.26g for Kondor variety and 0.93g for Spunta variety.

scholarly journals The Role of Ethylene in the Development of Constant-light Injury of Potato and Tomato

1998 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent E. Chushman ◽  
Theodore W. Tibbitts
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Acc Oxidase ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
The Other ◽  
Constant Light ◽  
Antisense Gene ◽  
Silver Thiosulfate ◽  
Necrotic Spotting

The role of tehylene in the development of constant-light injury of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) was investigated. In one study, silver thiosulfate (STS) was applied to the foliage of four potato cultivars growing under constant light. Leaf area and shoot dry mass of `Kennebec' and `Superior', cultivars normally injured by constant light, were greater (P<0.05) than those of control plantsgiven foliar applications of distilled water. Examination of STS-treated `Kennebec' leaflets revealed significantly less injury (necrotic spotting and reduced starch content) than the water-treated controls. `Norland' and `Denali', cultivars tolerant of constant light, exhibited no differences in growth between treatments. In a second study, injury (necrotic spotting and reduced starch content) was induced in leaflets of `Denali' when exposed to spray applications of 0.5 mmol·L-1 ethephon or air containing 0.5 to 0.8 μL·L-1 ethylene. In a third study, three genotypes of `Ailsa Craig' tomato were grown under constant light. Leaves of the normal `Ailsa Craig' exhibited epinasty, reduced chlorophyll concentration, and reduced starch content. Leaves of a mutant `Ailsa Craig', containing the Never ripe mutation, did not exhibit epinasty but exhibited the same amount of reduced chlorophyll concentration and starch content as normal plants. Leaves of a transgenic `Ailsa Craig', containing an antisense gene of 1-aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylate (ACC) oxidase, were epinastic, but chlorophyll concentration and starch content were greater than in leaves of normal and mutant plants. These results suggest that transgenic plants were more tolerant of constant light than the other genotypes. Evidence from these studies indicates that ethylene, combined with constant light, has an important role in the development of constant-light injury.

scholarly journals Degree of Undercooling and Injury of Whole Potato Plants following Exposure to -4C for 6 or 12 Hours

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orville M. Lindstrom ◽  
David J. Olson ◽  
John V. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Interspecific Cross ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Root Temperature ◽  
Potato Species ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
The Times ◽  
Whole Plants

Hardened and nonhardened whole plants of three potato species, Solanum tuberosum L., S. acaule Bitt., and S. commersonii Dun., and one interspecific cross, `Alaska Frostless' (S. tuberosum x S. acaule) were placed in a low-temperature chamber capable of maintaining -4 ± 0.5C for 6 or 12 hours. The chamber was designed to control the root temperature independently from the rest of the plant. Cold acclimation did not affect the ability of any of the potatoes tested to undercool (supercool). Solanum tuberosum and `Alaska Frostless' did not undercool for the times and temperatures tested and in all cases were killed. Whole plants of S. acaule and S. commersonii undercooled, in some cases, for up to 12 hours. When plants of S. acaule froze, they were severely injured, although their hardiness levels were reported to be lower than the temperature to which they were exposed in this study. Whenever leaves and stems of S. commersonii were frozen they were not injured. Once the soil was allowed to freeze, all plants, in all cases, were frozen.

Uji Toksisitas Beberapa Fungisida Nabati terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro (Toxicity Test of several Biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In Vitro)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Ghea Dotulong ◽  
Stella Umboh ◽  
Johanis Pelealu
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Colony Diameter ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity Test

Uji Toksisitas Beberapa Fungisida Nabati terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro (Toxicity Test of several Biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In Vitro) Ghea Dotulong1*), Stella Umboh1), Johanis Pelealu1), 1) Program Studi Biologi, FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115*Email korespondensi: [email protected] Diterima 9 Juli 2019, diterima untuk dipublikasi 10 Agustus 2019 Abstrak Tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) adalah salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang sering mengalami penurunan dari segi produksi dan produktivitasnya, akibat adanya serangan penyakit layu yang salah satunya disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi toksisitas beberapa fungisida nabati dalam mengendalikan penyakit Layu Fusarium (F. oxysporum) pada tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode umpan beracun. Data dianalisis dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan Analisis Varian (ANAVA) yang dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan metode BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil). Hasil Penelitian, diperoleh nilai toksisitas fungisida nabati tertinggi yaitu pada ekstrak daun sirsak dengan nilai HR (69,44%), kategori berpengaruh, ditandai dengan diameter koloni 2,75 cm (100ppm) dan yang terendah toksisitasnya yaitu pada ekstrak daun jeruk purut dengan nilai HR (49,81%), kategori cukup berpengaruh ditandai dengan diameter koloni 3,75 cm (25ppm). Semakin tinggi konsentrasi yang diujikan maka semakin tinggi toksisitas dari fungisida nabati yang diberikan.Kata Kunci: fungisida nabati, Fusarium oxysporum, tanaman kentang, In Vitro Abstract Potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the horticulture plants which often decreases in terms of production and productivity, due to the attack of wilt, one of which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum. The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity of several biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (F. oxysporum) in potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Vitro. The research method used was the In Vitro method with the poison bait method. Data were analyzed by Completely Randomized Design with Variant Analysis (ANAVA), followed by the BNT method. The results showed that the highest biofungicide toxicity value was soursop leaf extract with HR values (69.44%), influential categories, characterized by colony diameter 2.75 cm (100ppm) and the lowest toxicity, namely in kaffir lime leaf extract with a value of HR (49.81%), quite influential category was characterized by colony diameter of 3.75 cm (25ppm). The higher the concentration tested, the higher the toxicity of the biofungicide given.Keywords: biofungicides, Fusarium oxysporum, Potato Plants, In Vitro.

scholarly journals Expression Level of Mature miR172 in Wild Type and StSUT4-Silenced Plants of Solanum tuberosum Is Sucrose-Dependent

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1455
Author(s):  
Varsha Garg ◽  
Aleksandra Hackel ◽  
Christina Kühn
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
In Vitro Plantlets ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Cut Leaves

In potato plants, the phloem-mobile miR172 is involved in the sugar-dependent transmission of flower and tuber inducing signal transduction pathways and a clear link between solute transport and the induction of flowering and tuberization was demonstrated. The sucrose transporter StSUT4 seems to play an important role in the photoperiod-dependent triggering of both developmental processes, flowering and tuberization, and the phenotype of StSUT4-inhibited potato plants is reminiscent to miR172 overexpressing plants. The first aim of this study was the determination of the level of miR172 in sink and source leaves of StSUT4-silenced as well as StSUT4-overexpressing plants in comparison to Solanum tuberosum ssp. Andigena wild type plants. The second aim was to investigate the effect of sugars on the level of miRNA172 in whole cut leaves, as well as in whole in vitro plantlets that were supplemented with exogenous sugars. Experiments clearly show a sucrose-dependent induction of the level of mature miR172 in short time as well as long time experiments. A sucrose-dependent accumulation of miR172 was also measured in mature leaves of StSUT4-silenced plants where sucrose export is delayed and sucrose accumulates at the end of the light period.

Uptake of Plutonium-238 into Solanum tuberosum L. (potato plants) in presence of complexing agent EDTA

2017 ◽  
Vol 178-179 ◽  
pp. 186-192
Author(s):  
Frank Tawussi ◽  
Dharmendra K. Gupta ◽  
Elena L. Mühr-Ebert ◽  
Stephanie Schneider ◽  
Stefan Bister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Complexing Agent ◽  
Potato Plants

scholarly journals Detection and genome characterization of Potato virus Y isolates infecting potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in La Union (Antioquia, Colombia)

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Gutiérrez S. ◽  
Mauricio Marín M. ◽  
Daniel Muñoz E.
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Nextgeneration Sequencing ◽  
Prevalent Strain ◽  
Detailed Molecular Analysis

Potato virus Y (PVY) is one of the most severe viruses affecting the production of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in the world. This study presents a detailed molecular analysis using nextgeneration sequencing (NGS), IC-RT-qPCR and RT-PCR on the PVY isolates infecting seed-tubers and foliage of potato plants cv. Diacol-Capiro in La Union (Antioquia, Colombia). Analysis of incidence by IC-RT-qPCR in 15 random leaf samples of three cultivation plots and fifteen sprouting tuber eye-buds reveal infection levels between 13.4 and 80%; a higher incidence of 86.7% was observed in seed-tuber samples with threshold cycle (Ct) values as low as 24.3. Genome assembly from a bulk of foliage samples resulted in a consensus PVY genome (PVY_LaUnionF) of 9,702 nt and 399 polymorphic sites within the polyprotein ORF; while the assembled genome from sprouts of tubers has 9,704 nt (PVY_LaUnionT) and contained only six polymorphic nucleotide sites. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrates that the PVY isolates from leaf samples are in the recombinant PVYNTN group (sequence identity >99%); while those from tuber sprouts are in the PVYN/NTN group with identities above 95%. Sanger sequencing of viral capsid suggests the presence of a third variant related to PVYO, a prevalent strain reported in potato fields worldwide.

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