Iron Deficiency Chlorosis and Seed Yield in Dry Edible Beans Grown on High-pH Calcareous Soils

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 444f-445
Author(s):  
J.W. Gonzales ◽  
D.P. Coyne ◽  
W.W. Stroup
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Iron Deficiency Chlorosis ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
High Ph ◽  
The Third ◽  
Content Index

Iron deficiency chlorosis (FeDC) can cause significant seed yield reduction in dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) grown on high-pH calcareous soils. To determine the effects of FeDC on seed yield, and the effect of Fe-spray as a correction factor for FeDC, 22 breeding lines/cultivars were planted on high-pH (8.0), calcareous (3.2–3.5 calcium carbonate equivalent), and low-Fe (1.8–4.2 ppm DTPA) sandy clay loam Tripp soils at Mitchell and Scottsbluff in western Nebraska. A split-plot design was used with Fe treatments as main plots and breeding lines/cultivars as subplots. Three foliar sprays of Fe-EDDHA (2.4 kg·ha–1) were applied at V4, R5, and R7 dry bean growth stages, during 1996 and 1997. Leaf chlorosis was measured simultaneously by using a Minolta Chroma-meter (CIE L* a* b* color space system), a Minolta Chlorophyll-meter (chlorophyll content index), and by visual ratings (1 = normal green to 5 = severe chlorosis). In 1996 no significant Fe-spray × line interaction (P = 0.776) and Fe-spray effect (P = 0.884) on seed yield was observed. Breeding lines showed significant differences in seed yield (P = 0.0001) with WM2-96-5 being the highest-yielding line (4047 kg·ha–1). In 1997 a significant Fe spray × line interaction (P = 0.029) was observed. The cultivar Chase without Fe spray (3375 kg·ha–1), and lines WM2-96-5 (3281 kg·ha–1), WM2-96-8 (3171 kg·ha–1) with Fe spray were the highest yielding entries under those treatments. Differences in visual ratings after the third Fe spray in 1997 were significant (P = 0.004) for Fe spray × line interaction. In 1996 visual ratings were different only for breeding lines. Chlorophyll content index showed a significant Fe spray × line interaction after the second Fe spray (P = 0.022) and after the third Fe spray (P = 0.0003) in 1997.

scholarly journals 657 PB 063 IRON DEFICIENCY IN POTATO IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION AND ITS CONTROL THROUGH RESISTANT GENOTYPES AND NUTRIENT APPLICATION

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 527a-527
Author(s):  
H.Z. Zaiter
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Iron Deficiency Chlorosis ◽  
High Ph ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Silty Clay Soil

Iron-deficiency symptoms are observed on some genotypes of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) grown on high-pH and calcareous soils. seven potato cultivars differing in response to iron deficiency chlorosis (FeDC) were grown on high-pH (8.1), calcareous (38% calcium carbonate equivalent in surface 20 cm) and silty clay soil in the field (Beka'a Valley, Lebanon), to determine the effects of FeDC on tuber yield of cultivars sprayed with Fe. A significant interactions between cultivars and Fe spray treatment were noted for visual FeDC ratings and tuber yield. Even though only slight FeDC was noted on some cultivars receiving no Fe spray, tuber yields were significantly increased when sprayed with Fe. Some cultivars with moderate FeDC ratings did not show a significant increase in yield when sprayed with Fe while other cultivars did. Sprayed cultivars generally produced higher tube; yields than unsprayed ones. Indicating that Fe-deficiency chlorosis in the Mediterranean region may be a serious limitation to potato tuber yield.

scholarly journals Leaf Chlorosis and Seed Yield of Dry Beans Grown on High-pH Calcareous Soil following Foliar Iron Sprays

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 983-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.Z. Zaiter ◽  
D.P. Coyne ◽  
R.B. Clark ◽  
D.T. Lindgren ◽  
P.T. Nordquist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Iron Deficiency Chlorosis ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Leaf Chlorosis ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Spray Treatment

Iron deficiency chlorosis (FeDC) causes extensive reduction in yields of edible dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) grown on high-pH and calcareous soils. Fifteen bean cultivars/lines differing in response to FeDC were grown 2 years (1988 and 1989) on a high-pH (8.0), calcareous (2.3% calcium carbonate equivalent in surface 20 cm), and low-Fe (2.2 mg Fe/kg) Typic Haplustolls silt loam in the field (central Nebraska) to determine the effects of FeDC on seed yield of cultivars/lines sprayed with Fe. A significant interaction (P < 0.05) between cultivars/lines × Fe spray treatment was noted for visual FeDC ratings in 1988 only, and no significant interactions were noted for seed yield either year. Sprayed cultivars/lines generally produced higher yields than unsprayed ones. Overall increases were 47% in 1988 and 41% in 1989. Even though only slight FeDC was noted on some cultivars/lines receiving no Fe spray, seed yields were significantly increased when sprayed with Fe. Some cultivars/lines with moderate or moderately severe FeDC ratings did not show a significant increase in yield when sprayed with Fe, while other cultivars/lines did. Seed yield reductions for the cultivars/ lines per unit of FeDC rating (1 = green to 5 = severe chlorosis) were 915 kg·ha-1 for unsprayed and 1518 kg·ha-1 for sprayed plants in 1988 and 344 kg·ha-1 for unsprayed and 608 kg·ha-1 for sprayed plants in 1989.

Soybean Iron-Deficiency Chlorosis Tolerance and Yield Decrease on Calcareous Soils

2010 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 492-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Helms ◽  
R. A. Scott ◽  
W. T. Schapaugh ◽  
R. J. Goos ◽  
D. W. Franzen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Iron Deficiency Chlorosis ◽  
Yield Decrease

scholarly journals Examining Short-Term Responses to a Long-Term Problem: RNA-Seq Analyses of Iron Deficiency Chlorosis Tolerant Soybean

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3591
Author(s):  
Adrienne N. Moran Lauter ◽  
Lindsay Rutter ◽  
Dianne Cook ◽  
Jamie A. O’Rourke ◽  
Michelle A. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
The United States ◽  
Iron Stress ◽  
Iron Deficiency Chlorosis ◽  
Genome Expression ◽  
Whole Genome Expression ◽  
Over Time

Iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) is a global crop production problem, significantly impacting yield. However, most IDC studies have focused on model species, not agronomically important crops. Soybean is the second largest crop grown in the United States, yet the calcareous soils across most of the upper U.S. Midwest limit soybean growth and profitability. To understand early soybean iron stress responses, we conducted whole genome expression analyses (RNA-sequencing) of leaf and root tissue from the iron efficient soybean (Glycine max) cultivar Clark, at 30, 60 and 120 min after transfer to iron stress conditions. We identified over 10,000 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with the number of DEGs increasing over time in leaves, but decreasing over time in roots. To investigate these responses, we clustered our expression data across time to identify suites of genes, their biological functions, and the transcription factors (TFs) that regulate their expression. These analyses reveal the hallmarks of the soybean iron stress response (iron uptake and homeostasis, defense, and DNA replication and methylation) can be detected within 30 min. Furthermore, they suggest root to shoot signaling initiates early iron stress responses representing a novel paradigm for crop stress adaptations.

scholarly journals   Exogenous nitric oxide alleviates iron-deficiency chlorosis in peanut growing on calcareous soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.W. Zhang ◽  
Y.J. Dong ◽  
X.K. Qiu ◽  
G.Q. Hu ◽  
Y.H. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Fluorescence Yield ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Chlorosis ◽  
No Donor

Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide (NO) donor, was added into controlled release fertilizer (CRF) or sprayed on leaves to supply NO on iron deficiency stress in peanut (Arachis hypogaea Linn) plants growing on calcareous soils. Iron deficiency reduced plant growth and chlorophyll content. NO improved plant growth and alleviated leaf interveinal chlorosis, and increased the activity of root Fe<sup>III</sup> reductase and the concentration of available iron in cultured soil, suggesting that NO action could be related to iron availability to the plant. The actual photochemical efficiency (&Phi;PSII) and photochemical maximum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) were increased, and minimum fluorescence yield (Fo) was decreased under NO-treated condition, which supported the protective effect of NO on photosystem II (PSII) in peanut leaves. NO increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation. These results suggest that exogenous NO could alleviate iron deficiency induced chlorosis of peanut plants growing on calcareous soil. &nbsp;

Effect of iron source on iron deficiency induced chlorosis in groundnut

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Mann ◽  
A. L. Singh ◽  
Shubhangi Oza ◽  
Nisha Goswami ◽  
Deepti Mehta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Iron Deficiency Chlorosis ◽  
Iron Source ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Ion Absorption

In a field study, the effect of iron source through foliar as well as basal application was studied on lime induced iron-deficiency chlorosis (LIIC), chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase activity, available Fe and micronutrients in groundnut. The visual chlorotic rating screen of various Fe-efficient and Fe-inefficient cultivars clearly identified Fe-efficient and Fe-inefficient. Tirupati-4 was showing symptoms of chlorosis and was Fe-inefficient. Fe absorption capacity varied among cultivars. Applications of iron increased active Fe content in LGN-2 by 5.6 % and 163.18% in CSMG-84-1 respectively. A significant increase in chlorophyll content (10%) and nitrate reductase (110%) was observed with foliar spray of FeSO4. A significant damage of lipid peroxidation was observed in absence of iron which was improved by 37% in Tirupati-4 and 16.67% in CSMG-84-1 by foliar and basal supplementation of Fe, respectively. A strong correlation among the Fe, Mn, Zn and K depicted ionomic interaction with different treatments. Based on the ion absorption capacity and the level of chlorosis, the groundnut genotypes were grouped as tolerant, moderately tolerant and sensitive to iron chlorosis.

scholarly journals Nitrogen and Phosphorus Addition to Soil Improves Seed Yield, Foliar Stomatal Conductance, and the Photosynthetic Response of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 483
Author(s):  
Esmaeil Zangani ◽  
Kamran Afsahi ◽  
Farid Shekari ◽  
Eileen Mac Sweeney ◽  
Andrea Mastinu
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

The effects of nitrogen and phosphorus levels on the physiological traits, yield, and seed yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), were studied in a farm research project of Zanjan University. Three levels of nitrogen (0, 100, and 200 kg/ha) and three levels of phosphorus (0, 75, and 150 kg/ha) were considered. The results showed that an increase in nitrogen level caused an increase in the leaf chlorophyll content so that the application of 200 kg/ha of nitrogen increased the chlorophyll content of the leaves until the mid-grain filling stage. Nitrogen application lowered leaf stomatal conductance in the early flowering stage whereas the stomatal conductance was increased during the late flowering stage. Nitrogen application (100 and 200 kg/ha) also increased the quantum yield of photosystem II. On the other hand, with the application of 150 kg/ha and 75 kg/ha of phosphorus, the leaf stomatal conductance and the quantum yield of photosystem II in the early flowering stage increased respectively. The results showed that the application of 200 kg/ha of nitrogen and 75 kg/ha of phosphorus significantly increased seed and oil yield compared to the control. In addition, the number of siliques per plant and the weight of 1000 seeds showed an increasing trend that was affected by nitrogen and phosphorus levels. This study demonstrated that nitrogen enhanced the chlorophyll content, leaf area, and consequently, the quantum yield of photosystem II. Nitrogen also augmented the seed filling duration, seed yield, and oil yield by increasing gas exchange. As a result, the application of 100 kg/ha of nitrogen together with 75 kg/ha phosphorus showed the greatest effect on the qualitative and quantitative yield of rapeseed. However, the application of 200 kg/ha of nitrogen alone or in combination with different levels of phosphorus did not significantly increase many of the studied traits.

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