scholarly journals The Use of Crumb Rubber as a Container Component for Lantana Production

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 593a-593
Author(s):  
Kris M. Leader ◽  
Allen D. Owings ◽  
Edward W. Bush
Keyword(s):  
Visual Quality ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Plant Quality ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Rubber Plant ◽  
Quality Ratings ◽  
Quality Rating

Lantana camara `New Gold', `Irene', and `Patriot Dove Wings' were planted in five pine bark-based media containing 0%, 12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, and 50% crumb rubber. Each medium was amended with 7.14 kg·m-3 dolomite lime, 0.892 kg·m-3 of Micromax, and 4.76 kg·m-3 of 17-6-12 Nutricote fertilizer. Height and visual quality ratings were taken at 4 and 8 weeks. Dry weights were taken when the experiment was terminated. There were no significant differences in height, visual quality, and dry weight of `New Gold' lantana for all crumb rubber rates. `Irene' grew taller and had higher visual quality rating in the 4th week with 12.5% and 25% crumb rubber. This trend continued in the 8th week with taller plants grown in 25% crumb rubber. However, there were no differences in plant quality. Dry weight of plants grown in 37.5% and 50% crumb rubber was reduced when compared to the control. There were no differences in growth or quality of `Patriot Dove Wings' at week four. At week eight a reduction in both height and visual quality occurred with 37.5% and 50% crumb rubber. Plant dry weights were also significantly reduced at >37.5% crumb rubber.

scholarly journals COTTON GIN TRASH AS A CONSTITUENT OF BEDDING PLANT MEDIA

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 273F-273
Author(s):  
Allen D. Owings
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Quality Ratings ◽  
Bedding Plant ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Cotton Gin

A greenhouse study was conducted to determine the influence of media containing varying volumetric proportions of composted cotton gin trash and pine bark on the growth of Coleus × hybridus 'Golden Bedder'. All media treatments were amended with 1.5 lbs/yd3 Micromax and 8 lbs/yd3 dolomite. Plant height, shoot dry weight, and visual quality ratings were determined six weeks after potting. Media composed of 100% cotton gin trash produced plants with significantly less height and shoot dry weight. Height inhibition was apparent by 3 weeks after potting. Coleus grown in media composed of 60-1002 pine bark had higher visual quality ratings than those grown in media having cotton gin trash as the primary constituent.

scholarly journals Two Nandina domestica Cultivars Perform Well as Interior Foliage Plants in Market Evaluations

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 946-947
Author(s):  
Bridget K. Behe ◽  
C. Fred Deneke ◽  
Gary J. Keever
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Plant Quality ◽  
Foliage Plants ◽  
Quality Ratings ◽  
Foliage Plant ◽  
Quality Rating

Tissue-cultured plugs of Nandina domestica Thunb. `Hat-hour Dwarf' and `San Gabriel' were grown in 1.5-liter pots under 30%, 47%, or 62% shade. After 20 weeks, plants were moved to a simulated consumer environment (SCE) maintained at 21C, ≈60% relative humidity, and a 12-hour photoperiod with an irradiance of 7 μmol·m -2·s-1. Final quality ratings (after 35 weeks in the SCE) for both cultivars were good, but the plant quality of `San Gabriel' declined more quickly than that of `Harbour Dwarf'. Final quality rating of `Harbour Dwarf' grown under the highest percentage of shade was higher than that of plants grown under 30% or 47% shade; production shade percentages had no influence on the final quality rating of `San Gabriel'. Plants (of both cultivars) grown in 0.6-liter (11-cm-diameter) pots were test-marketed through six supermarket floral departments and captured 16% of total 10- to 11-cm-size foliage plant sales. Sixty percent of consumers indicated the plant's “newness” as the primary consideration for its purchase. These two N. domestica cultivars could be marketed successfully as interior foliage plants.

scholarly journals Interaction of Light Intensity and Controlledrelease Fertilization Rate on Growth and Flowering of Two New Guinea Impatiens Cultivars

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wagner Vendrame ◽  
Kimberly K. Moore ◽  
Timothy K. Broschat
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Plant Quality ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Quality Ratings ◽  
Quality Rating ◽  
New Guinea Impatiens

New guinea impatiens (Impatiens hawkeri) (NGI) `Pure Beauty Rose' (PBR) and `Paradise Orchid' (PO) were grown in full sun, 55% shade, or 73% shade and fertilized with a controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) [Nutricote Total 13-13-13 (13N-5.7P-10.8K), type 100] incorporated at rates of 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28 and 32 lb/yard3 of growing media (1.2, 2.4, 3.6, 4.7, 7.1, 9.5, 11.9, 14.2, 16.6, and 19.0 kg·m-3). Plant quality rating, shoot dry weight, and flower number were measured at harvest and substrate samples were collected to analyze final substrate pH and electrical conductivity (EC). For both cultivars, light intensity and fertilization rate interactions were different for shoot dry weight and flower number, but there was no difference in plant quality rating between the light levels. Quality ratings of both PBR and PO plants increased as CRF rate increased to 12 to 16 lb/yard3 above these levels quality was not improved. Shoot dry weight of PBR plants grown in full sun increased as CRF rate increased to 28 lb/yard3 and then decreased, while shoot dry weight of plants grown with 55% and 73% shade increased as CRF rate increased to 20 and 16 lb/yard3, respectively, with no further increases. Shoot dry weight of PO plants grown in full sun and 55% shade increased as CRF rate increased to 28 and 24 lb/yard3, respectively, with no further increases, while shoot dry weight of plants grown with 73% shade increased as CRF rate increased to 24 lb/yard3 and then decreased. Flower number of PBR plants grown in full sun, 55% shade, and 73% shade increased as CRF rate increased to 24 lb/yard3 and then decreased. Flower number of PO plants grown in full sun increased as CRF rate increased to 28 lb/yard3 and then decreased, while flower number of plants grown in 55% and 73% shade increased as CRF rate increased to 24 lb/yard3 and then decreased.

scholarly journals Harvest Season and Genotype Affect Head Quality and Shelf-Life of Ready-to-Use Broccoli

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Conversa ◽  
Corrado Lazzizera ◽  
Anna Bonasia ◽  
Antonio Elia
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Dry Matter Concentration

Pre-harvest climatic conditions and genotype may have important effects on head quality and post-harvest performance of fresh-cut broccoli. The present work evaluates the effect of the growing cycle (summer–autumn (SA), winter (W), winter–spring (WS), and spring (S)) and genotype on qualitative (dry matter, concentration of chlorophylls, carotenoids, and color) and antioxidative (ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic acid, total phenol concentrations, and antioxidant capacity) traits of broccoli heads and minimally processed florets. The WS raw product showed the best color indices (L* = 38.6, C* = 9.3 and h° = 123.8) as well as the highest chlorophyll (0.23 µg mg−1 fresh weight) but the lowest total phenol concentration (5.5 µg mg−1 dry weight - DW), whereas the ascorbic acid level (2.3 µg mg−1 DW) was comparable to or lower than that the other growing cycles. The WS florets confirmed their best visual quality, even showing an improved total phenol level after 14 days of cold storage. The climatic conditions experienced by broccoli plants grown in SA, W, and S periods were stressful as they resulted in a slight reduction in the visual quality of the heads, though only the SA florets showed a distinctive decay during storage. The lower post-harvest performance of SA grown broccoli was confirmed in all the tested cultivars, despite ‘Naxos’ seeming more tolerant. On the contrary, the greatest content of ascorbic acid (3.2 µg mg−1 DW) in the W heads and of phenols (11.1 µg mg−1 DW) in S heads was maintained during storage, thus preserving floret color.

scholarly journals 571 Effect of Photothermal Ratio on Poinsettia Plant Quality at Anthesis

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 545A-545
Author(s):  
Bin Liu ◽  
Royal D. Heins
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Radiant Energy ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Quality ◽  
Flower Induction ◽  
Degree Day ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Stem Strength ◽  
Plant Stem

Photothermal ratio (PTR) is defined as the ratio of radiant energy (light) to thermal energy (temperature). The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of PTR during the vegetative (PTRv) and reproductive phase (PTRr) on finished plant quality of `Freedom' poinsettia. In Expt. I, plants were grown under 27 combinations of three temperatures, three daily light integrals (DLI), and three plant spacings from pinch to the onset of short-day flower induction and then moved to a common PTR until anthesis. In Expt. II, plants were grown under a common PTR during the vegetative stage and then assigned to nine combinations of one temperature, three DLIs, and three plant spacings after the onset of short-day flower induction. Both PTRr and PTRv affected final plant dry weight. All components of dry weight (total, stem, green leaf, and bract) responded in a linear way to PTRr and in a quadratic way to PTRv. Stem strength was more dependent on PTRv than PTRr. When PTRv increased from 0.02 to 0.06 mol/degree-day per plant, stem diameter increased about 24% while stem strength increased 75%. The size of bracts and cyathia was linearly correlated to PTRr, but not affected by PTRv. When PTRr increased from 0.02 to 0.06 mol/degree-day per plant, bract area, inflorescence diameter, and cyathia diameter increased 45%, 23%, and 44%, respectively.

scholarly journals Photothermal Ratio Affects Plant Quality in `Freedom' Poinsettia

2002 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Liu ◽  
Royal D. Heins
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Radiant Energy ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Quality ◽  
Greenhouse Crops ◽  
Degree Day ◽  
Stem Strength ◽  
Plant Stem

Light (radiant energy) and temperature (thermal energy) affect quality of greenhouse crops. Radiant energy drives photosynthesis and, consequently, plant biomass accumulation. Thermal energy is the primary environmental factor driving developmental rate. The concept of a photothermal ratio (PTR), the ratio of radiant energy [moles of photosynthetic (400 to 700 nm) photons/m2] to thermal energy (degree-day), was proposed to describe the balance between plant growth and plant development in greenhouse crops. The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of PTR during vegetative (PTRv) or reproductive (PTRr) phases on finished plant quality of `Freedom' poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch). In Expt. 1, plants were grown under 27 combinations of three constant temperatures (19, 23, or 27 °C), three daily light integrals (DLIs) as measured by the number of photosynthetic (400 to 700 nm) photons (5, 10, or 20 mol·m-2·d-1), and three plant spacings (15 × 15, 22 × 22, or 30 × 30 cm) from pinch to the start of short-day flower induction, and then moved to a common PTR until anthesis. In Expt. 2, plants were grown under a common PTR during the vegetative stage and then moved to combinations of three DLIs (5, 10, or 15 mol·m-2·d-1) and three plant spacings (25 × 25, 30 × 30, or 35 × 35 cm) at a constant 20 °C from the start of short days until anthesis. Both PTRr and PTRv affected final plant dry weight (DW). All components of DW (total, stem, leaf, and bract) increased linearly as PTRr increased, and responded quadratically to PTRv, reaching a maximum when PTRv was 0.04 mol/degree-day per plant. Stem strength depended more on PTRv than PTRr. When PTRv increased from 0.02 to 0.06 mol/degree-day per plant, stem diameter increased ≈24%, while stem strength increased 75%. The size of bracts and cyathia increased linearly as PTRr increased, but was unaffected by PTRv. When PTRr increased from 0.02 to 0.06 mol/degree-day per plant, bract area, inflorescence diameter, and cyathia diameter increased 45%, 23%, and 44%, respectively.

Making the Grade? Modification of Dental Radiograph Quality Ratings

2011 ◽  
Vol os18 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
George D Rodgers ◽  
Mohammad O Sharif ◽  
Adam B Smith ◽  
Margaret Kellett ◽  
Paul A Brunton
Keyword(s):  
Rating System ◽  
Grade System ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Dental Radiology ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Quality Ratings ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Dental Radiographs ◽  
Quality Rating

Aims To compare the intra- and inter-assessor agreement and operator preference of a modified (four-grade) quality rating system for dental radiographs with the current National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) (three-grade) quality rating system. Methods Sixty radiographic images of varying quality were selected by retrospective review of dental records from a general dental practice. The images were sorted into groups to represent examples of radiographic quality (1=excellent, 2=diagnostically acceptable, 3=diagnostically compromised, 4=unacceptable). A ‘gold standard’ for radiological quality assessment was provided by a consultant in dental and maxillofacial radiology. A compact disc (CD) of the 60 images was produced and posted to a panel of 14 general dental practitioners (GDPs) who were asked to grade the quality of the images using two different systems on two occasions separated by a washout period of two days. The practitioners graded the radiographs using the currently accepted method for assessing radiographic quality (the three-grade NRPB system) and the alternative four-grade system. The quality of the images on the CD was deemed appropriate by the consultant. Results The strength of inter-assessor agreement was weaker when using a four-grade system in comparison to a three-grade system, reducing to a mean of κ=0.51 from a mean of κ=0.61 when using the original grading system. Mean agreement did not fall below ‘moderate agreement’ (κ=0.41–0.60). Eleven of the 14 GDPs preferred the four-grade system. Conclusion The GDPs who participated in this study preferred the four-grade system to the three-grade system when comparing the quality of dental radiographs. However, the strength of agreement was weaker when using the four-grade system in comparison to the three-grade system. Overall, the results are equivocal. However, they should help to inform specialist dental radiology panels, should revision of quality grading be undertaken in the future.

scholarly journals 120 Controlled-release Fertilizer Effects on Growth and Quality of Herbaceous Perennials

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 462C-462
Author(s):  
Raul I. Cabrera ◽  
Pedro Perdomo
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Controlled Release Fertilizer ◽  
Herbaceous Perennials ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Quality Ratings ◽  
Similar Growth

Herbaceous perennials are the hottest item in the ornamental industry, yet relatively little is known about the most appropriate management and cultural practices for many of these species. The response of selected perennials to controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) rates was evaluated in this study. Liners of Coreopsis `Early Sunrise' and `Zagreb', Astilbe `Bridal veil', Hemerocallis `Stelladoro', Phlox `Franz Shubert', and Rudbeckia `Goldstrum' were transplanted to 5.7-L pots filled with a 2 peat: 1 perlite (v/v) medium amended with dolomite and Micromax (2 and 0.6 kg·m-3, respectively). Plants were topdressed with Osmocote 18N-2.7P-10K at rates of 0, 1.8, 3.6, 5.3, 7.1 (industry standard) and 8.9 kg·m-3, and grown over a 3-month period. Plant biomass and quality ratings (including chlorophyll levels) followed an asymptotic behavior with CRF applications for Coreosis `Early Sunrise' and Astilbe `Bridal veil', leveling at ≈1.8 kg·m-3. The rest of the species showed increases in plant growth and quality with CRF rates of 1.8-3.6 kg·m-3, followed by sharp, and significant, reductions at higher CRF rates. Observations of optimum growth and quality at CRF rates 1/2 to 3/4 below commercial recommendations were partially attributed to the use a peat medium, with relatively higher nutrient holding characteristics in relation to the more common pine bark mixes. This observation was confirmed the following season, where plants grown in a 4 pine bark: 1 sand medium (v/v) required higher CRF rates to have similar growth and quality responses to those grown in a 4 peat: 1 bark: 1 sand medium (v/v).

scholarly journals Effect of Overwintering Environment on the Survival of 30 Species of Herbaceous Perennials

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-226
Author(s):  
K.C. Dimke ◽  
S.K. Still ◽  
D.S. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Quality ◽  
Perennial Species ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Height Measurement ◽  
Overwinter Survival ◽  
Herbaceous Perennials ◽  
Quality Ratings

Abstract There is increased interest in overwintering containerized perennials. However, there is little information available on overwintering success. The objective of this research was to determine overwinter survival and regrowth quality of 30 perennial species hardy in USDA zones 3, 4, or 5. Three overwintering treatments were used for each species: unprotected containers outside, containers in an unheated building, or in the ground. On April 16, 2004, and May 17, 2004, following overwintering, plant quality, plant height and flowering time were evaluated. Twenty-one species were successfully overwintered in an unheated building and 13 of those had quality ratings equal to or higher than those overwintered in-ground. Ceratostigma plumbaginoides, Kniphofia Pfitzer's Hybrid, Leucanthemum ×superbum ‘Snowcap’, and Stokesia laevis ‘Honeysong Purple’ rated significantly higher when overwintered in containers stored inside than in the ground. Flowering time and height measurement differences were not significant. Coreopsis ‘Limerock Ruby’, Diascia integerrima CoralCanyon™ and Gaura lindheimeri ‘Siskiyou Pink’ did not survive in any treatment. None of the species tested, with the exception of Sedum ‘Matrona’, survived when overwintered unprotected outside. Overwintering certain species of containerized perennials inside an unheated building such as a garage is a viable option for homeowners to improve survival.

scholarly journals Apple Cultivar and Temperature at Cutting Affect Quality of Fresh Slices

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.M.A. Toivonen ◽  
C.R. Hampson
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Cut Edge ◽  
Quality Ratings ◽  
Acceptable Quality ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
L Value ◽  
Quality Rating

The response of four apple (Malus ×domestica) cultivars (Gala, Granny Smith, Ambrosia, and Aurora Golden Gala™) to fresh-cut processing at core temperatures of 1, 5, 13, and 20 °C was investigated. Fruit were cut after a 24-h preconditioning at one of the four temperatures and a commercial antibrowning formulation was applied as a 7% (w/v) dip before packaging the slices and storing them for 3 weeks at 5 °C. Fruit firmness generally decreased with increasing core temperature, except for Aurora Golden Gala™, which maintained similar firmness at all temperatures. Firmness varied among cultivars, but all except Granny Smith apples held at 13 and 20 °C, were at or above a minimum processing firmness standard of 14 lbf. Cut-edge browning of slices, in response to processing temperature, varied among the cultivars. In the extreme, ‘Granny Smith’ was the most responsive, showing the largest variance in surface lightness across the temperature range. ‘Ambrosia’ was the least responsive to temperature, showing no significant difference in L-value despite the temperature at which it was processed. ‘Gala’ and Aurora Golden Gala™ were intermediate in response. The visual quality rating for ‘Granny Smith’ at 3 weeks was poor for slices from all processing temperatures. ‘Ambrosia’ slices maintained acceptable quality ratings over the full test temperature range. ‘Gala’ slices had lower quality ratings when processed at warmer temperatures, whereas Aurora Golden Gala™ showed increased quality ratings with warmer processing temperatures. It was concluded that ‘Gala’ were best processed at low core temperatures, ‘Ambrosia’ could be processed at all tested temperatures, and Aurora Golden Gala™ produced better quality slices when fruit were are room temperature (20 °C) before slicing.

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