scholarly journals Comparison of Bone Products for Phosphorus Availability

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Klock ◽  
Henry G. Taber
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Monocalcium Phosphate ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Soil Mix

Three bone products (meat and bone meal, steamed bone meal, and bone chips) were compared to a water-soluble P source (monocalcium phosphate) for P availability and enhancement of tomato shoot growth. All bone products were finely ground to pass through a 40-mesh sieve. The products were added to a phosphorus-deficient greenhouse growing medium based on their P concentration with P at 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg·kg−1. Meat and bone meal produced the least shoot growth in 1992, but all products were similar in 1993. Growth peaked with P at 111 mg·kg−1 in 1992, but in 1993, P at 50 mg·kg−1 was sufficient. Shoot P uptake was in direct proportion to P availability in the soil mix, monocalcium phosphate having the highest shoot P content. Although bone products affected N, Ca, Zn, and Mn content in shoots, the magnitudes of differences were minor and inconsistent from 1992 to 1993. Major consideration for using a bone product are its relative cost of P, fineness of grind, and CaCO3 equivalent.

scholarly journals Response of `Tifdwarf' Bermudagrass to Seaweed-derived Biostimulants

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. Elliott ◽  
M. Prevatte
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Monocalcium Phosphate ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Soil Mix

Three bone products (meat and bone meal, steamed bone meal, and bone chips) were compared to a water-soluble P source (monocalcium phosphate) for P availability and enhancement of tomato shoot growth. All bone products were finely ground to pass through a 40-mesh sieve. The products were added to a phosphorus-deficient greenhouse growing medium based on their P concentration with P at 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg·kg−1. Meat and bone meal produced the least shoot growth in 1992, but all products were similar in 1993. Growth peaked with P at 111 mg·kg−1 in 1992, but in 1993, P at 50 mg·kg−1 was sufficient. Shoot P uptake was in direct proportion to P availability in the soil mix, monocalcium phosphate having the highest shoot P content. Although bone products affected N, Ca, Zn, and Mn content in shoots, the magnitudes of differences were minor and inconsistent from 1992 to 1993. Major consideration for using a bone product are its relative cost of P, fineness of grind, and CaCO3 equivalent.

scholarly journals Dual Inoculation With Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Phosphorus Solubilizing Fungi Synergistically Enhances the Mobilization and Plant Uptake of Phosphorus From Meat and Bone Meal

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhupinder Singh Jatana ◽  
Christopher Kitchens ◽  
Christopher Ray ◽  
Patrick Gerard ◽  
Nishanth Tharayil
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
P Mobilization

Phosphorus (P) is the second most important mineral nutrient for plant growth and plays a vital role in maintaining global food security. The natural phosphorus reserves [phosphate rock (PR)] are declining at an unprecedented rate, which will threaten the sustainable food supply in near future. Rendered animal byproducts such as meat and bone meal (MBM), could serve as a sustainable alternative to meet crop phosphorus demand. Even though nitrogen (N) from MBM is readily mineralized within a few days, >75% of the P in MBM is present as calcium phosphate that is sparingly available to plants. Thus, application of MBM with the aim of meeting crop N demand could result in buildup of P reserves in soil, which necessitates the need to improve the P mobilization from MBM to achieve higher plant P use efficiency. Here, we tested the potential of two microbial inoculum-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and P solubilizing fungi (Penicillium bilaiae), in improving the mobilization of P from MBM and the subsequent P uptake by maize (Zea mays). Compared to the non-inoculated MBM control, the application of P. bilaiae increased the P mobilization from MBM by more than two-fold and decreased the content of calcium bound P in the soil by 26%. However, despite this mobilization, P. bilaiae did not increase the tissue content of P in maize. On the other hand, AMF inoculation with MBM increased the plant root, shoot biomass, and plant P uptake as compared to non-inoculated control, but did not decrease the calcium bound P fraction of the soil, indicating there was limited P mobilization. The simultaneous application of both AMF and P. bilaiae in association with MBM resulted in the highest tissue P uptake of maize with a concomitant decrease in the calcium bound P in the soil, indicating the complementary functional traits of AMF and P. bilaiae in plant P nutrition from MBM. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation with MBM also increased the plant photosynthesis rate (27%) and root phosphomonoesterase activity (40%), which signifies the AMF associated regulation of plant physiology. Collectively, our results demonstrate that P mobilization and uptake efficiency from MBM could be improved with the combined use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and P. bilaiae.

The oral administration of meat and bone meal-derived protein fractions improved the performance of young broiler chicks

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 369 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. I. Muir ◽  
G. W. Lynch ◽  
P. Williamson ◽  
A. J. Cowieson
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Protein Fraction ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Broiler Chick ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
The Impact

A study was designed to assess the impact of water-soluble proteins and peptides extracted from meat and bone meal (MBM) on broiler chick performance, following their oral delivery during the early post-hatch period. Proteinaceous material was fractionated by size exclusion filtration into weight ranges of <3 kDa (Fraction 1; 0.5 mg protein/mL), 3–100 kDa (Fraction 2; 0.5 mg protein/mL) and >100 kDa (Fraction 3; 0.8 mg protein/mL), which formed the three protein fraction treatments. A total of 1 mL of each of the respective preparations was delivered orally via gavage over 4 days (0.25 µL each day) to Cobb broiler hatchlings. Three control groups: control–unhandled, control–phosphate-buffered saline and control–handled were also included. Chicks were grown to 30 days of age. Feed intake, chick weight gain and feed conversion ratio were determined from day old through to 29 days of age. On Days 10, 16, 23 and 30, the weight of the breast and the small intestine was determined from 10 birds/treatment. For all parameters measured there was no interaction between experimental week and protein fraction treatment. Chicks receiving Fraction 2 had a statistically significant increase in feed intake and weight gain (P = 0.012) compared with the control–unhandled chicks. Chicks receiving Fraction 2 also demonstrated a numerically higher final bodyweight. Mass spectrometric analysis of all three fractions revealed that they each contained a wide array of proteinacious material. The results of this study suggests the likelihood that protein or protein-derived fragment components within the 3–100 kDa molecular weight range of MBM can generate improvements in broiler chick production, and thus promote the need for further research to identify the specific protein(s) responsible for the observed positive growth effects.

scholarly journals Application of Single Superphosphate with Humic Acid Improves the Growth, Yield and Phosphorus Uptake of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Calcareous Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Izhar Shafi ◽  
Muhammad Adnan ◽  
Shah Fahad ◽  
Fazli Wahid ◽  
Ahsan Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Single Superphosphate ◽  
P Fertilizers

In calcareous soil, the significant portion of applied phosphorus (P) fertilizers is adsorbed on the calcite surface and becomes unavailable to plants. Addition of organic amendments with chemical fertilizers can be helpful in releasing the absorbed nutrients from these surfaces. To check out this problem, a field experiment was conducted for two years to determine the effect of P fertilizers and humic acid (HA) in enhancing P availability in soil and their ultimate effect on growth, yield and P uptake of wheat in calcareous soils. The experiment was comprised of five levels of P (0, 45, 67.5, 90 and 112.5 kg P2O5 ha−1) as a single superphosphate (SSP) and 2 levels of locally produced humic acid (with and without HA) arranged in a two factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Wheat plant height, spike length, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, grain, straw and biological yield were significantly improved by the addition of HA with SSP. Very often, the performance of 67.5 kg P2O5 ha−1 with HA were either similar or better than 90 or even 112.5 kg P2O5 ha−1 applied without HA. Post-harvest soil organic matter, AB-DTPA extractable and water-soluble P, plant P concentration and its uptake were also significantly improved by the addition of HA with SSP compared to sole SSP application. It was evident that P efficiency could be increased with HA addition and it has the potential to improve crop yield and plants P uptake in calcareous soils.

scholarly journals Meat and bone meal and biosolids as slow-release phosphorus fertilizers

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Bøen ◽  
Trond Knapp Haraldsen
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Npk Fertilization

Biosolids and meat and bone meal (MBM) are commonly used as fertilizers in agriculture, often at application rates where total phosphorus (P) far exceeds the annual demand. In a pot experiment, three biosolids and two types of MBM were tested at two commonly used application rates. Their contributions to P uptake in ryegrass (second and third season) were compared with annual mineral P fertilization. The soil was analysed for extractable P (PAL and POlsen). Only soil amended with digested, limed biosolids provided a P uptake in ryegrass the third season comparable to annual NPK fertilization. Bone-rich MBM had considerable contributions to third season P uptake in soil with pH < 6. The product application rates did not influence P uptake significantly for any of the products. POlsen was found suitable to describe residual effects on soil P solubility, whereas the PAL-method was not applicable for MBM fertilized soils.

scholarly journals Exploring phosphorus fertilizers and fertilization strategies for improved human and environmental health

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prem S. Bindraban ◽  
Christian O. Dimkpa ◽  
Renu Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
P Fertilizers

AbstractMineral phosphorus (P) fertilizers support high crop yields and contribute to feeding the teeming global population. However, complex edaphic processes cause P to be immobilized in soil, hampering its timely and sufficient availability for uptake by plants. The resultant low use efficiency of current water-soluble P fertilizers creates significant environmental and human health problems. Current practices to increase P use efficiency have been inadequate to curtail these problems. We advocate for the understanding of plant physiological processes, such as physiological P requirement, storage of excess P as phytate, and plant uptake mechanisms, to identify novel ways of designing and delivering P fertilizers to plants for improved uptake. We note the importance and implications of the contrasting role of micronutrients such as zinc and iron in stimulating P availability under low soil P content, while inhibiting P uptake under high P fertilization; this could provide an avenue for managing P for plant use under different P fertilization regimes. We argue that the improvement of the nutritional value of crops, especially cereals, through reduced phytic acid and increased zinc and iron contents should be among the most important drivers toward the development of innovative fertilizer products and fertilization technologies. In this paper, we present various pathways in support of this argument. Retuning P fertilizer products and application strategies will contribute to fighting hunger and micronutrient deficiencies in humans. Moreover, direct soil P losses will be reduced as a result of improved P absorption by plants.

Sex-specifically responsive strategies to phosphorus availability combined with different soil nitrogen forms in dioecious Populus cathayana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiucheng Liu ◽  
Yuting Wang ◽  
Shuangri Liu ◽  
Miao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Root Length Density ◽  
Specific Root Length ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Populus Cathayana ◽  
Leaf P ◽  
P Supply

Abstract Aims Phosphorus (P) availability and efficiency are especially important for plant growth and productivity. However, the sex-specific P acquisition and utilization strategies of dioecious plant species under different N forms are not clear. Methods This study investigated the responsive mechanisms of dioecious Populus cathayana females and males based on P uptake and allocation to soil P supply under N deficiency, nitrate (NO3 −) and ammonium (NH4 +) supply. Important Findings Females had a greater biomass, root length density (RLD), specific root length (SRL) and shoot P concentration than males under normal P availability with two N supplies. NH4 + supply led to higher total root length, RLD and SRL but lower root tip number than NO3 − supply under normal P supply. Under P deficiency, males showed a smaller root system but greater photosynthetic P availability and higher leaf P remobilization, exhibiting a better capacity to adaptation to P-deficiency than females. Under P deficiency, NO3 − supply increased leaf photosynthesis and PUE but reduced RLD and SRL in females while males had higher leaf P redistribution and photosynthetic PUE than NH4 + supply. Females had a better potentiality to cope with P deficiency under NO3 − supply than NH4 + supply; the contrary was true for males. These results suggest that females may devote to increase in P uptake and shoot P allocation under normal P availability, especially under NO3 − supply, while males adopt more efficient resource use and P remobilization to maximum their tolerance to P-deficiency.

Real-Time PCR Detection of Ruminant DNA

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 550-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIS MENDOZA-ROMERO ◽  
EDWARD L. C. VERKAAR ◽  
PAUL H. SAVELKOUL ◽  
ARNOLD CATSBURG ◽  
HENK J. M. AARTS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Spongiform Encephalopathy ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Dna Targeting ◽  
Species Origin ◽  
Semiquantitative Method

To control the spread of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, several DNA methods have been described for the detection of the species origin of meat and bone meal. Most of these methods are based on the amplification of a mitochondrial DNA segment. We have developed a semiquantitative method based on real-time PCR for detection of ruminant DNA, targeting an 88-bp segment of the ruminant short interspersed nuclear element Bov-A2. This method is specific for ruminants and is able to detect as little as 10 fg of bovine DNA. Autoclaving decreased the amount of detectable DNA, but positive signals were observed in feeding stuff containing 10% bovine material if this had not been rendered in accordance with the regulations, i.e., heated at 134°C for 3 instead of 20 min.

scholarly journals Bovine meat and Bone Meal as an Economically Viable Alternative in Quail Feeding in the Final Phase

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (spe) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
CC Pizzolante ◽  
JE Moraes ◽  
SK Kakimoto ◽  
FEL Budiño ◽  
C Móri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Final Phase
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