scholarly journals Use of Canopeo for Estimating Green Coverage of Bermudagrass during Postdormancy Regrowth

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Manoj Chhetri ◽  
Charles Fontanier
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Winter Dormancy ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Imagej Software

Objective methods of estimating green coverage using digital image analysis have been used increasingly by turfgrass scientists. The objective of our research was to evaluate the effectiveness of Canopeo, a relatively new smartphone application, for estimating green coverage of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) emerging from winter dormancy, with or without colorants. A field study was conducted on a research ‘U3’ bermudagrass fairway in Stillwater, OK, during Spring 2019 and 2020. The experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with three colorant treatments: Endurant Fairway (FW), Endurant Perennial Ryegrass (PR), and an untreated control. Green coverage of the turfgrass canopy was determined weekly from mid-March to early May using a digital camera and ImageJ software, and a smartphone and the Canopeo application. Green coverage estimates from Canopeo correlated strongly (r = 0.91) with those from ImageJ when no colorants were applied. Correlation between Canopeo and ImageJ was diminished under plots treated with colorants. Canopeo is an effective tool for estimating green coverage of living turfgrasses, but additional calibration may be required for acceptable performance when evaluating greenness of colorant-treated turfgrasses.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Experimental Bermudagrasses under Simulated Athletic Field Traffic with Perennial Ryegrass Overseeding

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Haselbauer ◽  
Adam W. Thoms ◽  
John C. Sorochan ◽  
James T. Brosnan ◽  
Brian M. Schwartz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Athletic Fields ◽  
Athletic Field ◽  
Traffic Tolerance

Hybrid bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon × C. transvaalensis) varieties such as Tifway and TifSport commonly are used on athletic fields. Several experimental hybrid bermudagrasses have been recently developed. However, data describing the performance of these bermudagrasses under simulated athletic field traffic are limited. A 2-year study was conducted evaluating the traffic tolerance of five experimental (2004-76, 2004-83, 2004-78, Tift 11, and 2004-77) and three commercially available (‘Tifway’, ‘TifSport’, and ‘TifGrand’) hybrid bermudagrasses. These bermudagrasses were subjected to two mowing (mowing at 0.87 inches or mowing at 0.87 inches + grooming to a 0.10-inch depth) and overseeding [no overseeding or overseeding with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) at 12 lb/1000 ft2 of pure live seed] regimes. Simulated traffic tolerance using the Cady traffic simulator (CTS) was quantified using measurements of turfgrass cover with digital image analysis (DIA). Experimental bermudagrasses Tift 11 and 2004-76 and the commercially available variety TifGrand yielded turfgrass cover values greater than or equal to ‘Tifway’, a commonly used variety, on all rating dates each year. Experimental bermudagrass 2004-83 yielded the lowest turfgrass cover values on each date. Findings suggest that ‘TifGrand’, 2004-76, and Tift 11 may be suitable for use on athletic fields.

Estimation of bodyweight from body measurements and determination of body measurements on Limousin cattle using digital image analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 2060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serkan Ozkaya ◽  
Wojciech Neja ◽  
Sylwia Krezel-Czopek ◽  
Adam Oler
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Image Analysis Software

The objective of this study was to predict bodyweight and estimate body measurements of Limousin cattle using digital image analysis (DIA). Body measurements including body length, wither height, chest depth, and hip height of cattle were determined both manually (by measurements stick) and by using DIA. Body area was determined by using DIA. The images of Limousin cattle were taken while cattle were standing in a squeeze chute by a digital camera and analysed by image analysis software to obtain body measurements of each animal. While comparing the actual and predicted body measurements, the accuracy was determined as 98% for wither height, 97% for hip height, 94% for chest depth and 90.6% for body length. Regression analysis between body area and bodyweight yielded an equation with R2 of 61.5%. The regression equation, which included all body traits, resulted in an R2 value of 88.7%. The results indicated that DIA can be used for accurate prediction of body measurements and bodyweight of Limousin cattle.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF EYELID ANGLE MEASURED USING MANUAL AND DIGITAL IMAGE ANALYSIS METHOD

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shravya N ◽  
Swetha Ravichandran ◽  
Rinu Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Palpebral Fissure ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Image Analysis Method ◽  
Interpupillary Distance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Imagej Software

Aim: To compare the eyelid angle measured by using a manual method (Using protractor) and digital image analysis method (Using ImageJ software) at different distances of eye gaze. Methodology: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the preclinical lab at Manipal College of Health Professions. Subjects with no eyelid abnormalities were included in the study and they were asked to fixate at different distances a) at 3 metre (Distance gaze) b) at 70 cm (Intermediategaze) and c) at 40 cm(Near gaze). Using a protractor, the eyelid angle measurements were repeated at various distances which comprised the manual measurement. In the image analysis method, images were captured during distance, intermediate and near gaze using smartphone placed on theside of the face. These images were then analysed using ImageJ software for determining eyelid angle using image analysis method. Palpebral fissure height, Palpebral fissure width, Interpupillary distance, Intercanthal width, Binocular width, Height of open upper lid were some additional anthropometry measurements that were done using meter scale and PD ruler. Results: The mean age of the participants was 20±0.5 years. Anthropometry measurements of the eyelid and Palpebral fissure were done using meter scaleand PD ruler. The mean and standard deviation of the measured parametersare as follows Interpupillary distance: 60.95±2.37 mm, Endo Inter canthal distance: 32.20±2.39 mm, Exo Inter cantal distance: 95.50±3.80 mm, Palpebralfissure height_OD: 12.11±1.32 mm, Palpebral fissure height_OS:12.16±1.46mm, PFW_OD: 32.00±1.10 mm, PFW_OS: 32.11±1.24 mm, Height of upper eyelids_OD: 10.26±1.66 mm and Height of upper eyelids_OS:10.42±1.83 mm. In the right eye, there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between manual protractor method and digital image analysismethod at distance but there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05)between manual protractor method and digital image analysis method atIntermediate and near. In left eye, there was statistically significant difference(p<0.05) between manual protractor method and digital image analysis method at all three distances. Conclusion: There is a significant difference in eyelid angle measured using manual protractor method and digital image analysis method. The measurement of eyelid angle serves as a critical reference point during cosmetic and reconstructive surgical interventions of the eyelid and accurate measurements are essential for preoperative assessment, surgical planning and postoperative evaluation. Hence more studies on the validation of the anthropometry measurements and eyelid angle using digital image analysis areessential to use digital image analysis in routine eye care practice.

scholarly journals Digital image analysis to estimate the minimum number of Eurytrema coelomaticum eggs in the uterus of adult specimens

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-212
Author(s):  
F. A. da Silva ◽  
C. Monteiro da Silva ◽  
F. B. de Almeida ◽  
R. Rodrigues-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Occupancy Rate ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Aggregate Information ◽  
Manual Counting ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Imagej Software

Summary This study was carried out to estimate the minimal number of eggs present in adult E. coelomaticum uterus. Samples were collected during post-mortem inspection and were submitted to light microscopy (bright field). The length, width, the total area of the parasite, uterus, and eggs were measured. The ImageJ software was used to calculate the area of the different parameters analyzed in this study. It was possible to observe that the uterus corresponds on average to 51.9 % of the total area of the parasite (ranging from 45 to 64 %). The number of eggs present in the uterus of parasites ranged from 5,946 to 15,813. To estimate the number of eggs three scenarios were considered, where the first taken into account the number of whole eggs observed in the image. In the second way to estimate the number of eggs, all the structures were considered (whole eggs and fractions that could be delimited) and compared with manual counting. Finally, in the last scenario, was considered an occupancy rate of 100 % of the uterine area per eggs, since there are overlapping eggs and these cannot be correctly delimited and accounted for. This study describes an important tool for quantifying eggs in a nondestructive manner and aggregate information until then is not explained by other works.

scholarly journals Phytotoxicity of herbicides on Cynodon dactylon

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 832-835
Author(s):  
Siddappa Siddappa ◽  
B. L. Geeta ◽  
Raj Likhitha ◽  
K. V. Jayaprasad ◽  
Revannappa R. Bandri
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Broad Leaf ◽  
Dimethyl Amine ◽  
Phytotoxic Effect ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Hand Weeding

Field experiment was conducted to manage the sedge and broad leaf weeds in lawn during November to December 2013 to February to March 2014. Experimental plot was red sandy loam soil with pH 6.50.The experimental plot consisted of bermuda grass Cynodon dactylon which was established through turfing. The experimental plot was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) having 17 treatments with three replications. Herbicide treatments include 2, 4-D sodium salt 80 WP at (2, 3 and 4g/lit of water), 2, 4-D dimethyl amine salt 58% EC at (5, 7.5 and 10 ml/lit of water), carfentrozone ethyl 40 DF at (0.25, 0.5 and 1 g/lit of water), fluroxypyr meptyl 48% EC at (1.5, 3 and 6 ml/lit of water) and chlorimuron methyl + metasulfuron methyl at (0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 g/lit of water). Hand weeding was done at every 20 days interval at 20 days after application of herbicides and also maintained one unweeded control in during November to December and February to March. The phytotoxic symptoms were observed only fluroxypyr meptyl 48% EC applied at 6 ml/lit of water at 3, 7, 10, 15 and 25 days after application of herbicides (DAAH) but it recovered at later stages. However, the other herbicides did not cause any phytotoxic effect on C. dactylon.

scholarly journals Do Wetting Agents Influence Golf Ball Roll Distance?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-410
Author(s):  
Travis Wayne Shaddox ◽  
Joseph Bryan Unruh
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Volumetric Water Content ◽  
Golf Ball ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Putting Green ◽  
Wetting Agents

Wetting agents are commonly applied to golf putting greens to manage soil moisture. Speculation has arisen regarding the influence of wetting agents on golf ball roll distance. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of wetting agents on golf ball roll distance, putting green surface firmness, and volumetric water content in sand-based putting greens. This study was conducted during the 2018 growing season in Jay, FL and Ft. Lauderdale, FL on ‘TifEagle’ hybrid bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon × C. transvaalensis) putting greens. Treatments were applied to plots (2 × 3 m) in a randomized complete block design using four replications, and included seven wetting agents and an untreated turfgrass control. The study area was irrigated at 80% of the previous week’s reference evapotranspiration. Ball roll distance, firmness, and volumetric water content (VWC) were recorded weekly and pooled by month. Wetting agents did not lead to an increase in ball roll distance, firmness, or VWC during any month in Jay or Ft. Lauderdale. Inversely, in Jay, polyoxyalkylene polymer resulted in decreased surface firmness during October and November compared with untreated turfgrass. VWC was reduced as a result of some wetting agents in Ft. Lauderdale in February, September, November, and December, and resulted in no influence on VWC in Jay. The coefficients of determination of surface firmness and ball roll distance in Jay and Ft. Lauderdale were significant (P < 0.001) and were 0.12 and 0.08, respectively. This indicates that ball roll distance can increase as surfaces become firmer. However, this study found no evidence that wetting agents increase ball roll distance on sand-based putting greens.

Accuracy of body measurements using digital image analysis in female Holstein calves

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serkan Ozkaya
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
High Prediction ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
The Difference

The objective of this study was to determine the accuracy of body measurements (BM) in Holstein female calves using digital image analysis. BM including body length, wither height, chest depth, hip height, and hip width of calves were recorded by stick and tape measurements at birth, weaning and 24 weeks of age. Then photos of calves were taken while calves were standing in a squeeze chute by a digital camera and were analysed by image analysis software to obtain BM of each calf from the image in centimetres. After comparing the actual and predicted BM, the accuracy was determined as 71, 97 and 99% for body length, 69, 87 and 99% for wither height, 43, 98 and 99% for chest depth, 74, 99 and 99% for hip height and 53, 99 and 98% for hip width at birth, weaning and 24 weeks of age, respectively. The difference between actual and predicted BM was significant at birth (P < 0.01). Although there were numerical differences between actual and predicted BM, the differences were not significant at weaning and 24 weeks of age (P > 0.01). According to these results, the BM estimation of Holstein female calves using digital image analysis produced high prediction accuracy at weaning and 24 weeks of age, but not at birth. The data presented in this study indicate that the digital image analysis provides very close agreement and reality for prediction of BM of Holstein female calves.

scholarly journals Performance and economic analysis of finished lambs in feedlot

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Euclides Reuter de Oliveira ◽  
Flávio Pinto Monção ◽  
Andréa Maria de Araújo Gabriel ◽  
Felipe De Souza Santos Abreu ◽  
Lais Valenzuela Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Financial Measures ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Feedlot Lambs ◽  
Management Cycle ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

This study aimed to evaluate animal performance and economic performance of feedlot crossbred lambs (½ Santa Inês+ ½ Suffolk) fed different diets based on hay from Cynodon dactylon genotypes, through the use of financial measures considering only the period of confinement, without relating it to the complete management cycle. A total of 30 intact crossbred Suffolk lambs, identified with earrings, with an average age of 90 days and an average body weight of 21.5 kg were used in this study. Diets were formulated using as treatments a standard concentrate and hay of the Cynodon dactylon genotypes Jiggs, Vaquero, Tifton 68, Coast-Cross, Tifton 85 and Russell in a 60:40 forage-to-concentrate ratio. The treatments were distributed in a randomized complete block design with five replicates. There were significant differences between diets in terms of total expenditure on food, and the highest values were obtained for the Jiggs genotype (BRL 48.96/animal). The animals fed diets based on Tifton 68 hay had a higher rate of return (2.16%) and profitability (34.63%) compared to the other diets. The use of diets based on Tifton 68 hay for feedlot lambs in the finishing phase brings higher economic returns compared to the remaining diets.

scholarly journals Digital Image Analysis of Sweetpotato Storage Roots in Herbicide Trials

HortScience ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Villordon ◽  
Heather Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Multivariate Procedures

Digital image analysis (DIA) was evaluated for use in assessing size and shape attributes of sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] storage roots in herbicide studies. Digital image files of U.S. no. 1 storage roots were taken using a digital camera. Image analysis was performed using a publicly available software package. Eight size and shape attributes were measured and subjected to univariate and multivariate procedures. DIA revealed differences for storage root width and roundness attributes. Principal component analysis suggested that storage root length, width, and roundness best described the variability of the storage root sample. The results demonstrate the potential use of DIA in augmenting data from sweetpotato herbicide trials as well as other investigations that require information about storage root size and shape responses.

scholarly journals Effects of Various Plant Growth Regulators on the Traffic Tolerance of ‘Riviera’ Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.)

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 966-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
James T. Brosnan ◽  
Adam W. Thoms ◽  
Gregory K. Breeden ◽  
John C. Sorochan
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Color Quality ◽  
Athletic Field ◽  
Traffic Tolerance ◽  
Cyclohexane Carboxylic Acid

Data describing effects of plant growth regulator (PGR) applications on bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) traffic tolerance are limited. A 2-year study was conducted evaluating effects of several PGRs on ‘Riviera’ bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) traffic tolerance. Treatments included 1) ethephon at 3.8 kg·ha−1; 2) trinexapac-ethyl (TE) at 0.096 kg·ha−1; 3) paclobutrazol at 0.28 kg·ha−1; 4) flurprimidol at 0.0014 kg·ha−1; 5) flurprimidol + TE at 0.0014 kg·ha−1 + 0.096 kg·ha−1, respectively; 6) ethephon + TE at 3.8 kg·ha−1 + 0.096 kg·ha−1, respectively; and 7) untreated control. All treatments were applied three times on a 21-d interval before trafficking. Plots were subjected to three simulated football games per week with the Cady Traffic Simulator. Traffic began 2 weeks after the last sequential application of each PGR. Turfgrass color, quality, and cover were quantified weekly using digital image analysis. Turfgrass cover measurements were used to assess traffic tolerance. Improvements in turfgrass color, quality, and cover were observed with applications of TE, ethephon + TE, and flurprimidol + TE. Turfgrass color, quality, and cover were enhanced for ethephon + TE and flurprimidol +TE compared with applications of ethephon and flurprimidol alone. Considering that no differences in turfgrass color, quality, or cover were detected among TE, ethephon + TE, and flurprimidol + TE at any time in the study, the responses observed suggest that TE may have a greater impact than other PGRs on ‘Riviera’ bermudagrass athletic field turf when applied before traffic stress. Chemical names used: rthephon (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid; glurprimidol {α-(1-methylethyl)-α-[4-(trifluoro-methoxy) phenyl] 5-pyrimidine-methanol}; paclobutrazol, (+/−)-(R*,R*)-β-[(4-chlorophenyl) methyl]-α-(1–1-dimethyl)-1H-1,2,4,-triazole-1-ethanol; trinexapac-ethyl [4-(cyclopropyl-[α]-hydroxymethylene)-3,5-dioxo-cyclohexane carboxylic acid ethyl ester].

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