scholarly journals Ripening Patterns within a Peach as Indicated by Force and Soluble Solids Concentration

1992 ◽  
Vol 117 (5) ◽  
pp. 784-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.D. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Maturity Stages ◽  
Strong Trend ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Ripe Stage ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

Variability in maturity within a peach (Prunus persica, L. Batsch) fruit was estimated by measurements of force and the soluble solids concentration (SSC) at 16 coordinates around the peach at five maturity stages: 1) about one-half final swell (immature); 2) 85% final swell (green); 3) firm-ripe and similar to chip #3 of the Clemson Univ. system; 4) firm-ripe and similar to chip #5; and 5) tree-ripe. Firm-ripe 3 and 4 stages were firm enough to ship, but the tree-ripe stage was too soft. Firmness measured with a 4.7-mm-diameter penetrometer tip from two cultivars indicates a strong trend for the peach tip and cheeks to be firmer than tissue at other coordinates. Coordinates at the equator and around the stem end are generally firmer than coordinates at lat. 45°N, particularly in stages 3, 4, and 5. The SSC in juice from a cylinder of fruit adjacent to the puncture was higher at long. 90°E-W than at the sutures and higher at lat. 0° than at 70°S. Variance increased for force and decreased for SSC between maturity stages to the firm-ripe stage. The coordinate technique might be used to characterize and select cultivars that would be most suitable for once-over harvests.

1-Methylcyclopropene treatment modifies postharvest behavior of Fantasia nectarines

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer R DeEll ◽  
Dennis P Murr ◽  
Behrouz Ehsani-Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Ethylene Action ◽  
Volatile Production ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

The effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), an inhibitor of ethylene action, on the ripening and quality of Fantasia nectarines were examined. Fruit were harvested from two commercial orchards and subsequently exposed to 1 μL L-1 of 1-MCP for 24 h at 0°C. Following treatment, fruit were held at 0°C for 0, 2, or 4 wk, and then assessed for quality during a ripening period at 23°C. 1-MCP treatment improved postharvest firmness retention in nectarines after 0 and 2 wk at 0°C plus 4 days at 23°C. Soluble solids concentration (SSC) was lower in nectarines treated with 1 MCP and held for 0 or 4 wk at 0°C, compared with similar non-treated fruit. The peel ground color change from green to yellow was also delayed by 1-MCP. Nectarines treated with 1-MCP exhibited less CO2 and hydrophobic volatile production during 14 days at 23°C, compared with non-treated fruit. The overall inhibition of fruit ripening by 1-MCP appears transitory in Fantasia nectarines. Chilling injury was observed after 4 wk of storage at 0°C and 1-MCP-treated fruit had less visual chilling-related injury but greater chilling-induced flesh hardening. Further research is needed to determine the effects of 1-MCP on different chilling injury symptoms in nectarines. Key words: 1-MCP, fruit quality, ripening, storage, shelf-life, Prunus persica

scholarly journals Tree Fruit Reflective Film Improves Red Skin Coloration and Advances Maturity in Peach

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desmond R. Layne ◽  
Zhengwang Jiang ◽  
James W. Rushing
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Skin Coloration ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

Replicated trials were conducted during the summers of 1998 and 1999 at commercial orchards in South Carolina to determine the influence of ground application of a metalized, high density polyethylene reflective film on fruit red skin color and maturity of peach (Prunus persica) cultivars that historically have poor red coloration. At each site there were two experimental treatments: 1) control and 2) reflective film (film). Film was applied 2 to 4 weeks before anticipated first harvest date by laying a 150-cm (5-ft) wide strip of plastic on either side of the tree row in the middles. Treatment areas at a given farm ranged from 0.25 to 0.5 ha (0.5 to 1.0 acre) in size and each treatment was replicated four times at each site. At harvest, two 50-fruit samples were picked from each plot per treatment. All fruit were sized and visually sorted for color (1 = 0% to 25%, 2 = 26% to 50%, 3 = 51% to 75%, and 4 = 76% to 100% red surface, respectively). A 10-fruit subsample was selected following color sorting and evaluated for firmness and soluble solids concentration (SSC). All cultivars tested (`CVN1', `Loring', `Bounty', `Summer Gold', `Sunprince', `Cresthaven' and `Encore') experienced significant increases in percent red surface when film was used in 1998 and 1999. This color improvement ranged from 16% to 44% (mean = 28%). On average, fruit from film were 4.2 N (0.9 lb force) softer and had 0.3% higher SSC than control fruit. Growers harvested more fruit earlier and in fewer harvests for film. Fruit size was not affected by film. Reflected solar radiation from film was not different in quality than incident sunlight. Film resulted in an increase in canopy air temperature and a reduction in canopy relative humidity during daylight hours.

scholarly journals Irrigation Regimes Affect Fruit Soluble Solids Concentration and Rate of Water Loss of `O'Henry' Peaches

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1169-1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos H. Crisosto ◽  
R. Scott Johnson ◽  
Juvenal G. Luza ◽  
Gayle M. Crisosto
Keyword(s):  
Water Loss ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Storage Performance ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Irrigation Treatments ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

The effect of irrigation management strategies on the quality and storage performance of `O'Henry' peaches [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] was studied for two seasons. The deficit irrigation treatment induced a higher fruit soluble solids concentration and lower fruit weight. The excess irrigation treatment, compared to the optimum treatment, increased the rate of fruit water loss without altering fruit quality and storage performance. Scanning electron microscope observations indicated a higher density of trichomes on fruit from the deficit and optimum irrigation treatments than from the excess irrigation treatment. Light microscopy studies indicated that fruit from deficit and optimum irrigation had a continuous and much thicker cuticle than fruit from the excess irrigation treatment. These differences in exodermis structure may explain the high percentage of water loss from fruit from the excess irrigation treatment compared to the deficit and optimum irrigation treatments.

scholarly journals BOTÂNICA E FISIOLOGIA/ BOTANY AND PHYSIOLOGY ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN ‘CUERNAVAQUEÑA’ MEXICAN PLUM (Spondias purpurea L.) AT DIFFERENT RIPENING STAGES

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
ADABELLA SUÁREZ VARGAS ◽  
PORFIRIO JUÁREZ-LÓPEZ ◽  
VÍCTOR LÓPEZ-MARTÍNEZ ◽  
LAURA JOSEFINA PÉREZ FLORES ◽  
DAGOBERTO GUILLÉN SÁNCHEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Ripening Stages ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Spondias Purpurea ◽  
Ripe Stage ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

ABSTRACT Mexican plum (Spondias purpurea L.) ‘Cuernavaqueña’ was harvested at four ripening stages, with the aim of evaluating the concentration of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity in the pulp and the epicarp. The highest ethylene production (9.43 mL kg h-1) and total soluble solids concentration (23.9 °Brix) was observed in the fully ripe stage. Titratable acidity was higher in green stage compared to other analyzed ripening stages in both pulp (0.48 %) and epicarp (0.32 %). Fully ripe plum epicarp presented the highest content of total phenols (GAE 190 mg g-1), flavonoids (QE 214 mg g-1), and carotenoids (853 mg g-1) compared to other ripening stages. The antioxidant capacity was higher in the epicarp of the fully ripe fruit compared to the other ripening stages: DPPH (1087 µM TE /100 g), ABTS (1534 µM TE/100 g), and FRAP (1764 µM TE/100 g). Significant correlations (r = 0.60 *** to 0.95 **) between bioactive compounds concentrations and antioxidant activity were obtained.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Fertilization Affects Quality of Peach Puree

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Olienyk ◽  
A.R. Gonzalez ◽  
A. Mauromoustakos ◽  
W.K. Patterson ◽  
C.R. Rom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Hue Angle ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

Clingstone peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. Allgold] trees were fertilized once with 45 or 90 kg N/ha at budbreak or twice with 22.5 or 45 kg N/ha at budbreak and after harvest. A nonfertilized control was included. Fruits from all treatments were made into puree, and objective and subjective qualities were evaluated. Puree from the N treatments and the control did not show significant differences in Color Difference Meter (CDM) `L' and hue angle, pH, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids concentration (SSC), SSC: TA ratio, viscosity, ascorbic acid, Ca, K, phenolic and nitrates concentration. Puree from the control and 22.5 kg N/ha applied twice had significantly lower CDM `a', `b', and chroma values than from the other treatments. The split applications of N significantly reduced levels of Ca and ascorbic acid. N rate and number of applications interacted for `a' and K. When N was applied twice at 22.5 kg·ha-1, `a' and K decreased, but this response was absent when N was applied twice at 45 kg·ha-1. Puree from the nonfertilized control was rated lower by panelists for sensory quality than that from the fertilized trees. Peach puree from trees fertilized once with 45 kg N/ha at budbreak had the best overall sensory quality.

scholarly journals A New Source of Peach Germplasm Containing Semi-freestone Nonmelting Flesh Types

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.R. Van Der Heyden ◽  
P. Holford ◽  
G.D. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

A freestone, nonmelting flesh peach would offer the opportunity to transport freestone peaches to distant markets, and so open lucrative export opportunities. Peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.] germplasm segregating for semi-freestone and clingstone has been identified among the nonmelting flesh, open-pollinated progeny of the Univ. of Florida selection, Fla. 9-20C. The segregation approached a 1 : 1 ratio. No significant differences were detected between the two categories for titratable acidity, soluble solids concentration, or skin color. However, the semi-freestone progeny had significantly softer flesh than their clingstone siblings, although not soft enough to justify reclassification of the flesh texture. No simple genetic model can be proposed for the inheritance of this new phenotype. The semi-freestone, nonmelting germplasm represents a step towards a less perishable, freestone cultivar for the fresh market, as well as an opportunity to study the reason for the rarity of the freestone/nonmelting phenotype among peaches.

Cell Size and Pretransplant Nutritional Conditioning Influences Early Vine Growth and Yield of Transplanted Watermelon

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 594e-594
Author(s):  
Charles J. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

Research is needed to better understand the influence of cell volume and fertility on watermelon transplant size and field performance in order to determine the most economic production practices. `Jubilee' watermelon transplants were grown using a 4 x 4 factorial experimental design consisting of 4 cell volumes (30.7, 65.5, 147.5, and 349.6 cm3) and 4 fertility rates (0, 1/4, 1/2, and full-strength Hoagland's solution). Transplant shoot dry weight significantly increased as cell volume and fertility increased. Increasing cell volume linearly increased watermelon number/ha and tons/ha for early and total harvest in 1995. The average weight per watermelon significantly increased for early-harvested fruit but not for total harvest as cell volume increased in 1995. Soluble solids concentration linearly increased with increasing cell volume for early and total harvests in 1995. Cell volume had no significant influence on the harvest parameters measured in 1997. In 1995, increasing fertility linearly increased watermelon number/ha and tons/ha for early harvests. Increasing fertility increased the soluble solids concentration linearly for early-harvested watermelons in 1997 but not in 1995. Fertility rate had no significant influence on any of the other harvest parameters measured in 1995 and 1997. The growing conditions and disease pressure in 1997 reduced melons/ha, yield, and soluble solids content when compared to 1995 values. The half-strength Hoagland's solution produced the greatest number of watermelons/ha, tons/ha, and the highest soluble solids concentration in 1995 and 1997. Pretransplant nutritional conditioning had no significant effect on total `Jubilee' watermelon production in Louisiana for 1995 and 1997.

scholarly journals Postharvest Application of Chelated and Nonchelated Calcium Dip Treatments to Commercially Grown Honey Dew Melons: Effects on Peel Attributes, Tissue Calcium Concentration, Quality, and Consumer Preference following Storage

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene E. Lester ◽  
Michael A. Grusak
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Storage Life ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Postharvest Application ◽  
Peel Color ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

Commercially grown honey dew fruit [Cucumis melo (Inodorus group)] typically are harvested before abscission because fruit cut unripe have a longer storage life than fully ripe fruit. However, because fully ripe fruit contain higher concentrations of soluble solids (predominantly as sugars), an attribute that increases their preference among consumers, methods are being explored to extend the storage life of fully ripe fruit. In this study, fully abscised honey dew fruit were evaluated for tissue attributes and consumer preference following postharvest dipping in either chelated or nonchelated calcium (Ca) solutions. Calcium sources were an amino acid-chelated Ca, ethylene-diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA)-chelated Ca, or calcium chloride (CaCl2), with each provided at three different rates. Fruit were evaluated at harvest, and after 14 or 22 days commercial storage. Evaluations were peel surface changes (color and disorders), hypodermal-mesocarp tissue Ca concentration, flesh firmness, soluble solids concentration, and consumer preference of the edible flesh. Peel color became yellowed and lighter during storage for all fruit, with higher Ca rates resulting in more intensely yellowed fruit. Hypodermal-mesocarp tissue Ca concentration was 0.90 mg·g-1 of fresh weight (900 ppm) at harvest, and declined in all fruit by 22 days storage. Peel disorders (disease and spotting) were none to slight for all fruit by 14 days storage, but by 22 days storage disease incidence ranged from none to severe, depending on the Ca source and rate. Fruit firmness declined in all fruit throughout storage, with the smallest declines measured in fruit treated with the amino acid-chelated Ca. Soluble solids concentration of fully ripe fruit was 12.3% at harvest, and showed either no decline or slight declines with storage among the treatments. Consumer preference was highest for freshly harvested fruit, but fruit were desirable even after 22 days storage across all treatments. Postharvest application of Ca at ≤0.16 m Ca in an amino acid-chelated form, versus EDTA-chelated Ca or CaCl2, slowed honey dew melon senescence so that after 22 days of commercial and retail storage the fruit were of high marketable quality, and there was no detrimental effect on consumer preference for the edible flesh.

scholarly journals Prestorage Heat Treatment as a Means of Improving Poststorage Quality of Apples

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D. Klein ◽  
Susan Lurie
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Major Benefit ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

The benefits conferred by a prestorage heat treatment on poststorage quality of apples (Malus domestics Borkh.) were measured on `Anna', a non-storing early cultivar, and `Granny Smith', a long-storing late cultivar. The major benefit was a decrease in rate of apple softening, both during OC storage and during simulated shelf life at 20C. Soluble solids concentration was not affected by heat treatment, but titratable acidity was reduced. Ethylene production after heat treatment and storage was similar to or higher than that of control apples, but respiration was lower. The optimum temperature and time combination for prestorage treatment of both cultivars was 4 days at 38C.

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