Grass-Legume Seed Mass Ratios and Nitrogen Rates Affect Forage Accumulation, Nutritive Value, and Profitability

The experiment was conducted at screen house of Centre for Dry land Agriculture, Bayero University Kano, in the year 2016. The objective of the study was to determine the effects of poultry manure and nitrogen rates from battery cage and deep litter systems on dry matter yield, morphological characteristics and forage quality of Columbus grass (Sorghum almum). Sorghum almum seeds were sown in 32 plastic containers (dimensions 26 cm height, 28 cm top width and 20cm base width) perforated at the bottom containing 12 kg mixture of sandy and loamy soil in ratio of 1:3. The treatments consisted of poultry manure from two production systems (Battery cage and Deep litter) and nitrogen rates (50, 60, 70 and 80 kgN/ha) in a 2x4 factorial combined in a completely randomized design. Parameters measured were dry matter yield, number of tillers and stem diameter at the late boot stage of Sorghum almum, in addition, forage quality parameters (CP, ADF NDF, digestible dry matter (DDM) dry matter intake as a percentage of body weight (DMI) and relative feud value (RFV)) were also evaluated. The results revealed no significant (p>0.05) difference between battery cage and deep litter fertilized Sorghum almum but deep litter fertilized Sorghum almum had numerically higher dry matter yield (5062.30 kg/ha) than battery cage (4400.40 kg/ha) Number of tillers and stem diameter were found to be significantly greater (p<0.05) in Deep litter (2.56 and5.70mm respectively) compared to Battery cage (1.13 and 5.08mm respectively. Both dry matter yield and stem diameter of Sorghum almum were significantly (p<0.05) highest at 80 kg N/ha. Crude protein was observed to be significant (P<0.05) in Sorghum almum fertilized with poultry manure from deep liter (11.35%) compared with buttery cage (10.05 %). The CP value was observed to increase with increased nitrogen rate with the highest value recorded at 80 kg N/ha (1.71%). Dry matter intake (us a percentage of body weight) was equally greater (p<0.05) in Sorghum album fertilized with deep litter (2.63%) compared to battery cage (2.49%). The value for NDF was significantly higher in sorghum almum fertilized with battery cage, while that of ADF was greater in deep litter it can be concluded that, Sorghum almum fertilized with manure from deep litter system produced better yield and nutritive value.

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Morphogenesis, biomass and nutritive value ofPanicum maximumunder different shade levels and fertilizer nitrogen rates

Grass and Forage Science ◽

10.1111/gfs.12264 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 72 (3) ◽

pp. 590-600 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

D. S. C. Paciullo ◽

C. A. M. Gomide ◽

C. R. T. Castro ◽

R. M. Maurício ◽

P. B. Fernandes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritive Value ◽

Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen Rates

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The potential of greenhouse diffusing cover material on yield and nutritive values of lamb’s lettuce grown under diverse nitrogen regimes

Italus Hortus ◽

10.26353/j.itahort/2020.1.5567 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 55-67

Author(s):

Eugenio Cozzolino ◽

Christophe El-Nakhel ◽

Eugenio Ottaiano ◽

Ida Di Mola ◽

Mauro Mori

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Ascorbic Acid Content ◽

Mediterranean Area ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Nitrate Content ◽

Diffuse Light ◽

Commission Regulation ◽

Lettuce Yield ◽

Nitrogen Rates

Light and nitrogen are the main factors commanding horticulture production. Therefore, this study aims at evaluating the effects of two different greenhouse cover films (clear-Film A and diffuse light-Film B) on yield and nutritive value of a ready-to-eat salad lamb’s lettuce (Valerianella locusta L.), grown under several nitrogen regimes (no nitrogen [N0], sub-optimal [N25] and optimal N fertilization [N50] corresponding to 0, 25 and 50 kg ha-1 , respectively). The combination N50 and Film B boosted SPAD index by 10.3% and yield by 91.9% compared to N0 × Film A. Concerning antioxidant activity and bioactive compounds, only total ascorbic acid was positively affected by Film B (9.4%), while there was no effect of this cover film on carotenoids and chlorophyllous pigments, which increased along the increment of nitrogen rates. Nitrate content in leaves was influenced by both factors and it showed increasing values, when nitrogen doses increased, reaching the highest value under N50-Film B conditions (3312.3 mg kg-1 fw). Our study showed that in the Mediterranean area, the use of greenhouse diffuse light film improved lamb’s lettuce yield, but on the other hand incurred significant increase in nitrate level, nonetheless remaining constantly under the legal threshold imposed by the commission regulation (EU). Secondary metabolites, such as total phenols and carotenoids, showed similar values under both films, instead the diffuse light film improved total ascorbic acid content.

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Dry matter yield and nutritive value of corn, forage sorghum, and BMR forage sorghum at different plant populations and nitrogen rates

Field Crops Research ◽

10.1016/j.fcr.2009.11.009 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 116 (1-2) ◽

pp. 52-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

M.A. Marsalis ◽

S.V. Angadi ◽

F.E. Contreras-Govea

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Dry Matter Yield ◽

Plant Populations ◽

Forage Sorghum ◽

Nitrogen Rates

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Effects of water salinity and nitrogen fertilization on the growth and yield of ‘BRS Gabriela’ castor beans

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n5p2911 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (5) ◽

pp. 2911

Author(s):

João Batista dos Santos ◽

Hans Raj Gheyi ◽

Klebson Santos Brito ◽

Diego Azevedo Xavier ◽

Geovani Soares de Lima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Total Mass ◽

Seed Mass ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Water Salinity ◽

Nitrogen Levels ◽

Alternative Crop ◽

Nitrogen Rates

The castor bean has attracted the attention of many farmers as an alternative crop for the National Program of Biofuel and its extensive use in the ricinochemical industry. The crop requires large planting areas to meet the demands of the fuel market. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation water salinity and nitrogen fertilization on the growth and production of castor beans, ‘BRS Gabriela’, in a protected environment. The present study was conducted at the Center of Technology and Natural Resources of the Federal University of Campina Grande. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 5 × 4 factorial with three replications and one plant per plot. The treatments consisted of irrigation water with five electrical conductivity (ECw) levels of 0.7, 1.7, 2.7, 3.7, and 4.7 dS m-1 associated with four nitrogen levels of 60, 80, 100, and 120 mg of N kg-1 of soil. The interaction between water salinity and nitrogen rates did not exert significant effects on the variables studied. Increased salinity of irrigation water affected the growth in height and stem diameter of castor beans in all periods, and leaf area from 90 days after sowing. Increased nitrogen levels had a positive effect on leaf area at 60, 90, 120, and 150 days after sowing. The total mass of seeds, one hundred seed mass, yield, and number of fruits per plant decreased with the increase in water salinity, and the total mass of seeds was the most affected variable.

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Effects of Nitrogen Rates on the Productivity and Nutritive Value of Forage Grass Grown under Extreme Climatic Conditions

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11122572 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 2572

Author(s):

Aušra Marcinkevičienė ◽

Rimantas Velička ◽

Robertas Kosteckas ◽

Aušra Rudinskienė ◽

Inga Adamonytė ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Aboveground Biomass ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Red Clover ◽

Research Centre ◽

Forage Grass ◽

Crude Fibre ◽

Joint Research ◽

Drought Conditions ◽

Nitrogen Rates

This vegetative experiment was carried out at the greenhouse of Vytautas Magnus University Agriculture Academy Open Access Joint Research Centre of Agriculture and Forestry (Lithuania) in 2020–2021. The aim of these studies was to determine the effect of different nitrogen rates on the productivity and nutritional quality of forage grasses (a mixture of red clover and timothy) under the most common extremes of climate change, i.e., soil moisture deficiency and surplus. Under drought and waterlogging stresses, fertilization of the red clover and timothy mixture with high N rates was ineffective. The clover and timothy mixture recovery after drought took 21 days. The aboveground dry biomass of the clover and timothy mixture grown under drought conditions was significantly lower by 36.3 to 47.2% compared to that formed under optimum soil moisture and waterlogging conditions. The root biomass of forage grass mixtures was lowest under drought conditions when fertilized at the highest N rate (N25+120). The aboveground biomass of clover grown under different soil moisture conditions depended on the number of plants (r2 = 0.78, p < 0.01) and assimilating leaf area (r2 = 0.83, p < 0.01), and that of timothy on the number of vegetative tillers (r2 = 0.46, p < 0.05). Under drought simulation conditions, increasing the N rate increased the crude protein and crude fibre contents in the aboveground biomass of the clover and timothy mixture, while the crude ash content decreased.

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Nutritive value of marketable heads and outer leaves of white head cabbage cultivated at different nitrogen rates

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B - Soil & Plant Science ◽

10.1080/09064710.2017.1308006 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 67 (6) ◽

pp. 524-533 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ryszard Kosson ◽

Kazimierz Felczyński ◽

Justyna Szwejda-Grzybowska ◽

Maria Grzegorzewska ◽

Lorenza Tuccio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritive Value ◽

Nitrogen Rates ◽

Head Cabbage

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Effects of poultry manure and nitrogen rates from two production systems on dry matter yield, and nutritive value of Columbus grass (Sorghum almum)

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v43i2.1391 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 378-384

Author(s):

M Baba ◽

I Lamir ◽

I Abdullahi ◽

M.S Sadique

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Production Systems ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Forage Quality ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Dry Matter Yield ◽

Nitrogen Rates

The experiment was conducted at screen house of Centre for Dry land Agriculture, Bayero University Kano, in the year 2016. The objective of the study was to determine the effects of poultry manure and nitrogen rates from battery cage and deep litter systems on dry matter yield, morphological characteristics and forage quality of Columbus grass (Sorghum almum). Sorghum almum seeds were sown in 32 plastic containers (dimensions 26 cm height, 28 cm top width and 20cm base width) perforated at the bottom containing 12 kg mixture of sandy and loamy soil in ratio of 1:3. The treatments consisted of poultry manure from two production systems (Battery cage and Deep litter) and nitrogen rates (50, 60, 70 and 80kgN/ha) in a 2×4 factorial combined in a completely randomized design. Parameters measured were dry matter yield, number of tillers and stem diameter at the late boot stage of Sorghum almum, in addition, forage quality parameters (CP, ADF, NDF, digestible dry matter (DDM) dry matter intake as a percentage of body weight (DMI) and relative feed value (RFV)) were also evaluated. The results revealed no significant (p>0.05) difference between battery cage and deep litter fertilized Sorghum almum but deep litter fertilized Sorghum almum had numerically higher dry matter yield (5062.30 kg/ha) than battery cage (4400.40 kg/ha) Number of tillers and stem diameter were found to be significantly greater (p<0.05) in Deep litter (2.56 and 5.70mm respectively) compared to Battery cage (1.13 and 5.08mm respectively). Both dry matter yield and stem diameter of Sorghum almum were significantly (p<0.05) highest at 80 kg N/ha. Crude protein was observed to be significant (p<0.05) in Sorghum almum fertilized with poultry manure from deep litter (11.35 %) compared with battery cage (10.05 %). The CP value was observed to increase with increased nitrogen rate with the highest value recorded at 80 kg N/ha (11.11 %). Dry matter intake (as a percentage of body weight) was equally greater (p<0.05) in Sorghum almum fertilized with deep litter (2.63%) compared to battery cage (2.49%). The value for NDF was significantly higher in sorghum almum fertilized with battery cage, while that of ADF was greater in deep litter. it can be concluded that, Sorghum almum fertilized with manure from deep litter system produced better yield and nutritive value.

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Prevalence of the pit and antipit in the genus Glycine

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100129218 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 986-987

Author(s):

R. W. Yaklich ◽

E. L. Vigil ◽

W. P. Wergin

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽

Glycine Max ◽

Seed Coat ◽

Cell Types ◽

Abaxial Surface ◽

Legume Seed ◽

Initial Report ◽

Cone Cells ◽

Glycine Max L

The legume seed coat is the site of sucrose unloading and the metabolism of imported ureides and synthesis of amino acids for the developing embryo. The cell types directly responsible for these functions in the seed coat are not known. We recently described a convex layer of tissue on the inside surface of the soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) seed coat that was termed “antipit” because it was in direct opposition to the concave pit on the abaxial surface of the cotyledon. Cone cells of the antipit contained numerous hypertrophied Golgi apparatus and laminated rough endoplasmic reticulum common to actively secreting cells. The initial report by Dzikowski (1936) described the morphology of the pit and antipit in G. max and found these structures in only 68 of the 169 seed accessions examined.

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