APPENDIX: Agency Design, Legislative Organization, and the Effectiveness of Congressional Involvement in Administration

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian D. Feinstein
Keyword(s):  
Legislative Organization ◽  
Agency Design

Legislatures and Policy Uncertainty: Evidence from East Central Europe

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
RADOSLAW ZUBEK ◽  
CHRISTIAN STECKER
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Social Choice Theory ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Legislative Organization ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Party Institutionalization

AbstractRelying on social choice theory, this paper argues that uncertainty regarding future public policies is likely to be related to party institutionalization and legislative organization. The argument is evaluated using survey data from businesses in eight EU member states in East Central Europe. It finds that firms report lower concern over policy uncertainty in systems with higher party institutionalization. There is also some evidence, although less robust, that restrictive parliamentary agenda control leads to lower perceptions of policy uncertainty and this effect mediates the influence of party institutionalization. These results tend to hold if one controls for the effect of other national and firm-level factors.

Genetic Family Histories: An Aid to Social Work Assessment

1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Bernhardt ◽  
Julia B. Rauch
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Genetic Services ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Worst Case Scenario ◽  
Family Histories ◽  
Work Assessment ◽  
Focus Depth ◽  
Service Training ◽  
Agency Design

The focus, depth, and use of genetic family histories vary depending on the agency purpose and the client's presenting problem. Failure to obtain genetic family histories can result in inaccurate assessment and incomplete or misdirected services. In the worst-case scenario, failure to obtain such information and to advise clients of available genetic services are potential grounds for malpractice and wrongful-adoption suits. The authors discuss approaches to obtaining and recording genetic family histories and present criteria for referral to genetic services. The authors recommend that agency administrators consider consulting with a genetic professional to determine the appropriate focus of genetic family histories within the agency, design a protocol, and arrange in-service training in use of the protocol.

The Regulation of Combination

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
JoyAnna S. Hopper
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Resource Conservation ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Natural Resource Conservation ◽  
Design Choice ◽  
Control Regulation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Agency Design ◽  
Environmental Agency

In 15 American states, environmental protection agencies perform both pollution-control and natural resource conservation functions. In this study, I examine how this combination of functions affects the regulatory style embraced by these agencies. I find, through interviews with environmental agency workers and empirical analyses using enforcement data from 2010 to 2014, that the cooperation and flexibility with industry inherent to natural resource conservation efforts is a fundamental part of the regulatory process within these combined agencies. Great efforts are made to garner voluntary or negotiated compliance without the possible economic consequences of punitive actions. Enforcements are less frequent and less severe. The effect of this agency design choice is powerful, maintaining its effect even when controlling for political, ideological, and economical pressures. In a time where environmental protection agencies are increasingly interested in incorporating management-based regulation and voluntary compliance to supplement command and control regulation, it is more important than ever to understand the regulation that emerges from this combination.

scholarly journals Importancia de la educación ambiental en la gestión del riesgo socio-natural en cinco países de América Latina y el Caribe

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Martha Melizza Ordóñez-Díaz ◽  
Luisa María Montes-Arias ◽  
Giovanna Del Pilar Garzón-Cortes
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Environmental Education ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Legislative Organization ◽  
Natural Risk ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Post Disaster

Considering environmental education as a social tool allowing individuals to achieve a significant knowledge of the inhabited environment, to reduce the probability of occurrence of a disaster, and to respond to the presence of natural phenomena to which people are vulnerable, this article aims to generate a space for reflection on the importance of environmental education in the management of the social and natural risk in five countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. For this purpose, the paper presents a descriptive review of primary and secondary bibliographical sources referring to the performance of the management of social and natural risks related to environmental education in Colombia, Nicaragua, Mexico, Chile, and Jamaica between 1994 and 2015. In this period, a solid administrative and legislative organization of this management and environmental education is evident, but these two themes are clearly separated when implementing citizen projects: a situation that has generated shortcomings in the management of natural disasters, specifically under the principles of precaution and prevention. For this reason, this article offers a series of recommendations that include the dissemination of information, the creation of centers for the management of risk reduction, the strengthening of communication strategies, and the establishment of response plans and post-disaster recovery. 

scholarly journals Curative protection for the satisfaction of the weaker party in contractual relations: الحماية العلاجية لرضا الطرف الضعيف في العلاقات التعاقدية

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiba Mehdi Adnan Al-Fahham, Ammar Kereem Al-Fetlawy
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Legislative Organization ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Contractual Relationships ◽  
Legal Texts ◽  
Economic Coercion ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Contractual Relations ◽  
Weak Party

The subject of curative protection to the satisfaction of the weak party in contractual relations is one of the issues that have taken on the opinion of legal jurisprudence, it had to be addressed by research and study, especially in the current situation because of this prominent issue in the relations of people in the field of concluding contracts, despite the importance of this The topic, however, we find that he did not receive a share of the legislative organization commensurate with that importance, because the legislator did not put clear or direct texts through which the weak party’s satisfaction could be protected, but rather different theories scattered in various laws that did not reach the level of familiarity with this issue in all its aspects. Therefore, it is necessary to search for solutions through which we can protect the consent of the weak party ... all that and more that we covered in this study by following both the inductive approach and the comparative approach and the analytical approach, where we extrapolated the most important jurisprudence opinions that were said in this regard, as well as the analysis of legal texts and that Within the scope of Iraqi law and French law, and then we extrapolated the most important doctrinal opinions to the most important results and proposals we have reached to protect the consent of the weak party in contractual relations. The study reached a set of results, among which the researcher reached a set of results, including the creation of the French legislator a new defect in his legislation, which the judiciary had the largest role in alerting to the existence of this defect, its purpose is to protect the consent of the weak party in economic relations, by setting the dependency criterion as the origin of the contractor the weak victim of this kind of coercion. Secondly, the grace period despite thinking is a modern idea, but the French legislator clarified the mechanisms that contractors can follow in their contractual relations and impose a penalty in the event that the weak contracting professional is deprived of it, as it is a right granted to the weak party according to clear and explicit legislative texts. The researcher reached a set of recommendations, among which we recommend the legislator to introduce the defect of economic coercion to address cases of imbalance in the contractual balance that he seeks to achieve in all contractual relationships. We suggest that the Iraqi legislator stipulates the deadline for thinking about its legislation, because the protection that is granted to the weak party is only subsequent protection, at a time when the weak party needs legal protection prior to concluding the contract.

Information and Legislative Organization

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Krehbiel
Keyword(s):  
Legislative Organization
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