Cochlear Implant-Based Electric-Acoustic Stimulation Modulates Neural Stem Cell-Derived Neural Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongrong Guo ◽  
Menghui Liao ◽  
Xiaofeng Ma ◽  
Yangnan Hu ◽  
Xiaoyun Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Neural Stem Cell ◽  
Acoustic Stimulation ◽  
Neural Regeneration ◽  
Electric Acoustic Stimulation

Cochlear implant-based electric-acoustic stimulation modulates neural stem cell-derived neural regeneration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongrong Guo ◽  
Menghui Liao ◽  
Xiaofeng Ma ◽  
Yangnan Hu ◽  
Xiaoyun Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Neural Stem Cell ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Acoustic Stimulation ◽  
Neural Regeneration ◽  
Low Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Electric Acoustic Stimulation ◽  
Frequency Stimulation

A cochlear implant based device was designed to stimulate NSCs. It is found that electric-acoustic stimulation with high frequency induced NSCs death but low-frequency stimulation promoted NSCs to proliferate and differentiate into neurons.

scholarly journals KYNA/Ahr Signaling Suppresses Neural Stem Cell Plasticity and Neurogenesis in Adult Zebrafish Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2748
Author(s):  
Tohid Siddiqui ◽  
Prabesh Bhattarai ◽  
Stanislava Popova ◽  
Mehmet Ilyas Cosacak ◽  
Sanjeev Sariya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Neural Stem Cell ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Neural Regeneration ◽  
Adult Zebrafish ◽  
Amyloid Toxicity ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease

Neurogenesis decreases in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients, suggesting that restoring the normal neurogenic response could be a disease modifying intervention. To study the mechanisms of pathology-induced neuro-regeneration in vertebrate brains, zebrafish is an excellent model due to its extensive neural regeneration capacity. Here, we report that Kynurenic acid (KYNA), a metabolite of the amino acid tryptophan, negatively regulates neural stem cell (NSC) plasticity in adult zebrafish brain through its receptor, aryl hydrocarbon receptor 2 (Ahr2). The production of KYNA is suppressed after amyloid-toxicity through reduction of the levels of Kynurenine amino transferase 2 (KAT2), the key enzyme producing KYNA. NSC proliferation is enhanced by an antagonist for Ahr2 and is reduced with Ahr2 agonists or KYNA. A subset of Ahr2-expressing zebrafish NSCs do not express other regulatory receptors such as il4r or ngfra, indicating that ahr2-positive NSCs constitute a new subset of neural progenitors that are responsive to amyloid-toxicity. By performing transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) in three late onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD) brain autopsy cohorts, we also found that several genes that are components of KYNA metabolism or AHR signaling are differentially expressed in LOAD, suggesting a strong link between KYNA/Ahr2 signaling axis to neurogenesis in LOAD.

scholarly journals Hearing Preservation in Cochlear Implant Surgery

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Carvalho Miranda ◽  
André Luiz Lopes Sampaio ◽  
Rafaela Aquino Fernandes Lopes ◽  
Alessandra Ramos Venosa ◽  
Carlos Augusto Costa Pires de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Hearing Preservation ◽  
Acoustic Stimulation ◽  
Electrode Design ◽  
High Frequency Region ◽  
Electric Acoustic Stimulation ◽  
New Treatment

In the past, it was thought that hearing loss patients with residual low-frequency hearing would not be good candidates for cochlear implantation since insertion was expected to induce inner ear trauma. Recent advances in electrode design and surgical techniques have made the preservation of residual low-frequency hearing achievable and desirable. The importance of preserving residual low-frequency hearing cannot be underestimated in light of the added benefit of hearing in noisy atmospheres and in music quality. The concept of electrical and acoustic stimulation involves electrically stimulating the nonfunctional, high-frequency region of the cochlea with a cochlear implant and applying a hearing aid in the low-frequency range. The principle of preserving low-frequency hearing by a “soft surgery” cochlear implantation could also be useful to the population of children who might profit from regenerative hair cell therapy in the future. Main aspects of low-frequency hearing preservation surgery are discussed in this review: its brief history, electrode design, principles and advantages of electric-acoustic stimulation, surgical technique, and further implications of this new treatment possibility for hearing impaired patients.

scholarly journals Graphene-Based Nanocomposites for Neural Tissue Engineering

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho Bei ◽  
Yuhe Yang ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Yu Tian ◽  
Xiaoming Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Neural Stem Cell ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Neural Tissue ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Neural Regeneration ◽  
Neural Tissue Engineering ◽  
Graphene Nanocomposites

Graphene has made significant contributions to neural tissue engineering due to its electrical conductivity, biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and high surface area. However, it demonstrates a lack of biological and chemical cues. Also, it may cause potential damage to the host body, limiting its achievement of efficient construction of neural tissues. Recently, there has been an increasing number of studies showing that combining graphene with other materials to form nano-composites can provide exceptional platforms for both stimulating neural stem cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation and neural regeneration. This suggests that graphene nanocomposites are greatly beneficial in neural regenerative medicine. In this mini review, we will discuss the application of graphene nanocomposites in neural tissue engineering and their limitations, through their effect on neural stem cell differentiation and constructs for neural regeneration.

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