Multicriteria Analysis of Sustainability Performance Between Agroecological and Conventional Coffee Farms in the East Region of Minas Gerais (Brazil)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Pronti ◽  
Mario Coccia
Author(s):  
Andrea Pronti ◽  
Mario Coccia

Abstract The goal of this study is to perform a comparative analysis of agroecological and conventional small coffee farms. We investigated 15 coffee farms in the East region of Minas Gerais, a Brazilian rural region, based on coffee production using a multicriteria analysis with economic, social and environmental factors. The results suggest that agroecological farms perform better than conventional farms in terms of sustainability, reduce labor intensity and improve income stability and the environmental impact, such as agro-biodiversity and forest cover. In particular, the results reveal that agroecological farms, though they have lower levels of coffee productivity than conventional farms, perform better in terms of income stabilization. This result depends on product diversification (such as agri-food products, vegetables or fruits) for local markets, which reduces farmer risks associated with coffee price volatility, improving both the local economy and local food security. Moreover, agroecological farms rely more on labor than capital. Overall, the results of this study reveal that agroecological systems support the socio-economic sustainability of the rural areas under study and suggest the potential of agroecology to boost sustainable development in the East Region of Minas Gerais. In short, the spread of agroecological systems could improve local employment conditions, reducing migration toward large cities and shanty towns in other parts of Brazil. Hence, agroecology systems can represent the main alternative to conventional production systems to improve the well-being and wealth of rural populations in developing countries. The analysis presented in this study is based on a specific case study, but the rural area under study has many similarities with other areas in Latin America regarding all aspects of economic, social and environmental sustainability. Finally, some agricultural policy implications are discussed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique Inhauser Riceti Magalhães ◽  
Ana Caroline Romão da Silva ◽  
Fabiano Braz Romão ◽  
Nadia Grandi Bombonato ◽  
Guilherme Nascimento Cunha

Abstract Among the diseases which can afflict the nasal cavities of small ruminants, oestrosis stands out. In Brazil, more specifically in its South-East region, the reports are limited only to the State of São Paulo and to the municipality of Araxá, Minas Gerais. Therefore, it has been sought to assess the parasitic prevalence of Oestrus ovis in sheep farmed in the municipality of Ituiutaba, Minas Gerais-Brazil, while correlating the larval size and stage, and its anatomical localization. Eighty-eight hemiheads of healthy Santa Inês/Dorper crossbreds Ovis aries have been used at random. The larvae in view were then collected and fixated to be quantified and analyzed in regard of size and stage of development. It is concluded that the oestrosis is an existing problem in the municipality of Ituiutaba, this being the first complete study on the prevalence of this parasite in the State of Minas Gerais. By anatomical distribution, only the differences of total larval averages between the frontal sinus and the ventral nasal meatus, the common nasal meatus and the nasopharynx have been significant. In size, the significant difference has been there only upon comparison between the size and the larval stage, information that is crucial for a better understanding of the cyclic progression, of the clinical symptomatology, and animal prophylaxis.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1707
Author(s):  
Heitor Carvalho Lacerda ◽  
André Luiz Lopes De Faria ◽  
Humberto Paiva Fonseca ◽  
Marco Antônio Saraiva Silva ◽  
Wesley Oliveira Soares ◽  
...  

O estudo da susceptibilidade a erosão laminar é pertinente na mesorregião da Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais, visto a predominância da cobertura de pastagem e pela expressiva degradação do solo. Neste estudo, objetivou-se compreender quais variáveis geodinâmicas são importantes na predição dos processos erosivos laminares e o melhor modelo preditivo entre oito, através de comparações multicritérios, possibilitando entender o fenômeno em uma bacia hidrográfica da mesorregião. Assim, utilizou-se o método de atribuição de notas pela Literatura (L) e Realidade de campo (RC), cuja ponderação de parcela dos processos erosivos (60%) laminares mapeados ponderou a nota das classes das variáveis pela área das mesmas. A integração das variáveis foi por testes de ponderação e integração total e parcial. A avaliação dos modelos gerados foi por estatística descritiva (Box-Plot), diferentes métodos de categorização (Manual, Natural Breaks e Geometrical Interval) e curva ROC com cálculo de eficiência AUC (40% das erosões mapeadas). Os resultados apontaram que a falta umidade é um fator importante para a ocorrência dos processos erosivos laminares, por outro lado, as variáveis morfométricas não foram importantes para a predição. Modelos baseados na RC (72,41% AUC médio) obteve eficiência consideravelmente maior do que a L (65,41% AUC médio), já quando comparado a integração de todas as variáveis geodinâmicas e somente as mais importantes e quando integrado com ponderação e sem ponderação, não houve considerável diferença estatística. O modelo mais eficiente obteve 76,3% AUC, considerado boa e estava adequado a realidade da área estudada.   Study of Susceptibility to Sheet Erosion in a Watershed in Zona da Mata, Minas Gerais, BrazilABSTRACTThe study of susceptibility to surface erosion is relevant in the mesoregion of the Zona da Mata of Minas Gerais, given the predominance of pasture cover, the significant degradation of the soil and the stagnation of the agricultural sector. In this study, the objective was to understand which geodynamic variables are important in the prediction of surface erosive processes and the best predictive model among eight, through multicriteria comparisons, making it possible to understand the phenomenon in a watershed in the mesoregion. Thus, it was used the method of attributing grades by Literature (L) and Field Reality (RC), whose weighting of the mapped surface erosive (60%) processes weighted the grade of the variable classes by their area. The integration of the variables was through weighting tests and total and partial integration. The evaluation of the models generated was by descriptive statistics (Box-Plot), different methods of categorization (Manual, Natural Breaks and Geometrical Interval) and ROC curve with AUC efficiency calculation (40% of the mapped erosions). The results showed that the lack of moisture is an important factor for the occurrence of surface erosive processes, on the other hand, the morphometric variables were not important for the prediction. Models based on RC (72.41% average AUC) achieved considerably greater efficiency than L (65.41% average AUC), when compared to the integration of all geodynamic variables and only the most important ones and when integrated with weighting and without weighting, there was no considerable statistical difference. The most efficient model obtained 76.3% AUC, considered good and was adequate to the reality of the studied area.Key words: Geotechnologies; Comparison of Risk Models; Multicriteria Analysis


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2978
Author(s):  
Ana Luíza De Souza Marcondes ◽  
Daniela R. T. Riondet-Costa ◽  
Gabriel De Oliveira Machado ◽  
Gabriel Wilson Lorena Florêncio ◽  
Guilherme Prado Alves ◽  
...  

O ecoturismo é uma das atividades mais desenvolvidas em Parques Nacionais. A implementação de trilhas eco turísticas pode funcionar como atrativo turístico e favorecer empreendimentos locais, entretanto, podem causar impactos negativos diretos ao meio ambiente. Esses impactos podem ser minimizados através de estudos prévios para verificação de viabilidade na implementação das trilhas. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi apontar fragilidades e potencialidades socioambientais de um projeto de trilha para o uso turístico no Parque Nacional Serra da Canastra (PNSC), localizado no sudoeste de Minas Gerais, no bioma Cerrado. Para tanto, a partir de análise multicritério no software ArcGIS, foram elaborados os mapas de suscetibilidade à erosão e aptidão ao uso do turístico do entorno da trilha. A análise final foi realizada por meio da Matriz SWOT, que permitiu sintetizar as fragilidades e potencialidades socioambientais, evidenciando as forças e fraquezas (situação presente) e as oportunidades e ameaças (situação futura, caso a proposta de trilha seja efetivada). Os resultados mostram que mais de 80% da área estudada possui alta e muito alta aptidão ao ecoturismo, sendo suas principais potencialidades a proximidade a recursos hídricos e a estradas de acesso, a predominância de declividade moderada (3-8%) e a possibilidade de desenvolvimento do turismo local e de atividades de sensibilização ambiental. Por outro lado, as principais fragilidades apontaram para a ameaça de compactação do solo, a evasão de espécies endêmicas e o relevo escarpado encontrado em um trecho da trilha, mostrando que pequenas alterações no trajeto tornam viável a implementação da trilha proposta. Cerrado Biome: social-environmental weaknesses and potentialities of a trail project in the Serra da Canastra National Park ABSTRACTEcotourism is one of the most developed activities in National Parks. The implementation of eco-tourism trails can act as tourist attraction and favor local enterprises, however, they can cause direct negative impacts on the environment. These impacts can be minimized through previous studies to verify the feasibility of implementing the trails. Therefore, the objective of this work was to point out socio-environmental weaknesses and potentialities of a trail project for tourist use in the Serra da Canastra National Park (PNSC), located in the southwest of Minas Gerais, in the Cerrado biome. For that, using multicriteria analysis in the ArcGIS software, maps of susceptibility to erosion and aptitude for tourism use around the trail were elaborated. The final analysis was carried out using the SWOT Analysis, which made it possible to summarize the socio-environmental weaknesses and potentialities, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses (present situation) and opportunities and threats (future situation, if the  proposed trail is implemented). The results show that more than 80% of the studied area has high and very high aptitude for ecotourism, its main potential being the proximity to water resources and access roads, the predominance of moderate declivity (3-8%) and the possibility of development of local tourism and environmental awareness activities. On the other hand, the main weaknesses pointed to the threat of soil compaction, the evasion of endemic species and the rugged relief found in a stretch of the trail, showing that small changes in the path make the implementation of the proposed trail viable.Keywords: Protected areas; park trail; ecotourism; SWOT analysis.


2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e84
Author(s):  
José Augusto Costa Gonçalves ◽  
Pedro Henrique Rodrigues Pereira ◽  
Eliane Maria Vieira

Knowledge about the groundwater potential is an important tool to sustainably manage groundwater exploitation. In this context, based on the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and multicriteria analysis by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), this study had the objective of mapping the groundwater potential of the district of Itabira, Minas Gerais, which is one of the largest mining regions in Brazil. The evaluation of the regional groundwater potential was based on thematic maps of land use and cover, soil, geology, slope, lineament density, and drainage density. From the evaluation of these parameters and their classes, weights were assigned by the AHP method, according to the influence of each one with regard to favoring water infiltration and aquifer recharge. The thematic maps were integrated in a GIS environment, generating a groundwater map of the district divided into five classes of groundwater potential (very low, low, moderate, high, and very high). In about 64% of the territory the potential for groundwater occurrence was very low to low and from moderate to very high in about 36%. The groundwater potential map showed that 64.42% of the district of Itabira has very low to low potential indices, mainly due to a number of regional characteristics that make aquifer infiltration and recharge difficult and occur in large areas of the territory.


2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Rodrigues de Campos ◽  
Úrsula Ruchkys de Azevedo ◽  
Marcelo Ferreira de Vasconcelos

O Quadrilátero Ferrífero é internacionalmente conhecido por seus recursos minerais, principalmente, o ouro e o ferro e por suarica diversidade natural. As atividades minerárias, juntamente a expansão urbana, bem como outras atividades antrópicas, têm acentuadoe acelerado o processo de fragmentação de habitats nesta região. Neste contexto este estudo apresenta uma proposta para conexão deunidades de conservação na porção sudeste do Quadrilátero Ferrífero utilizando análise multicritério tendo como variáveis elementos dageodiversidade, como unidades geológicas e hidrografia, assim como da biodiversidade, incluindo fitofisionomias vegetais e áreas depossível ocorrência de três espécies de avifauna (Passeriformes) quase endêmicas de campos rupestres. Os resultados permitiram verificare comparar a importância dos elementos da biodiversidade e da geodiversidade na conectividade para a área de estudo.Palavras-chave: Diversidade natural. Biodiversidade. Geodiversidade. Conectividade. Quadrilátero Ferrífero. ABSTRACTANALYSIS OF ELEMENTS OF NATURAL DIVERSITY IN THE PROPOSITION OF HABITAT CONNECTIVITY OF THE SOUTHEASTERNPORTION OF THE QUADRILATERO FERRIFERO, MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL. The Quadrilatero Ferrifero is internationally known for its mineralresources, primarily gold and iron and its rich natural diversity. The mining activities along with urban sprawl have led to fragmentation ofhabitat in this region. In this context, this paper presents a proposal for connecting protected areas in the southeastern portion of theQuadrilatero by using multicriteria analysis as variable elements of geodiversity as geological units and hydrology, and biodiversity,including plant vegetation types and areas of possible occurrence of three species of birds (Passeriformes) almost endemic from rockyfields of the region. The results allowed to showed the importance and compare the elements of biodiversity and geodiversity in theconnectivity for the study area.Keywords: Natural Diversity. Biodiversity. Geodiversity. Connectivity. Quadrilatero Ferrifero.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2428
Author(s):  
Janiel Lopes de Oliveira ◽  
Manfred Fehr

RESUMOA erosão do solo é um indicador de degradação no meio físico, situação que causa prejuízo econômico e ambiental. Diante dessa problemática, essa pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a vulnerabilidade erosiva para a bacia hidrográfica do ribeirão Conquistinha no Oeste de Minas Gerais. Foi aplicada a metodologia de análise multicritério de acordo com propostas da literatura. Em primeiro momento, realizou-se a confecção do banco de dados com as unidades de análise (componentes litológicos, aspectos geomorfológicos, solos, influência climática (chuva), vegetação nativa com cobertura predominante), seguido da identificação dos componentes formadores de cada unidade e a atribuição dos valores de vulnerabilidade à cada componente. Posteriormente foi realizado o cruzamento entre os valores individuais dos componentes para obtenção dos pesos representativos à cada unidade de análise. Em seguida, realizou-se o cruzamento entre os pesos obtidos para as unidades de análise, tendo como resultando a vulnerabilidade erosiva para a bacia hidrográfica. Os resultados são: alta vulnerabilidade erosiva (23.43%), média vulnerabilidade erosiva (27.72%), baixa vulnerabilidade erosiva (31.50%), muito baixa vulnerabilidade erosiva (17.34%).Palavras – chave: Erosão do solo; Unidades de análise; Análise multicritério. Analysis of the Erosive Vulnerability of the Watershed of the Conquistinha Stream in the West of Minas Gerais, Brazil A B S T R A C TSoil erosion is an indicator of degradation in the physical environment, which causes economic and environmental damage. Given this problem, this research aimed to analyze the erosive vulnerability to the Conquistinha stream watershed in West of Minas Gerais. The methodology of multicriteria analysis, was applied according to literature proposals. In the first stage, the database was prepared with the units of analysis (lithologic components, geomorphological aspects, soils, climatic influence (rainfall), native vegetation with predominant cover), followed by the identification of the formation components of each unit and the attribution of vulnerability values to each component. Subsequently, the individual component values were cross-checked to obtain representative weights for each unit of analysis. Then, the weights obtained for the analysis units were crossed, resulting in erosive vulnerability to the river basin. The results are: high erosive vulnerability (23.43%), medium erosive vulnerability (27.72%), low erosive vulnerability (31.50%), very low erosive vulnerability (17.34%).Keywords: Soil erosion; Analysis units; Multicriteria analysis.


ForScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e00541
Author(s):  
Lucas Mageste Butters ◽  
Alex Cardoso Pereira ◽  
Leopoldo Concepcíon Loreto Charmelo ◽  
Alessandro Saraiva Loreto

Este estudo teve como objetivo mapear a susceptibilidade a movimentos de massa na bacia hidrográfica do rio Caratinga. A metodologia adotada para a realização do estudo se baseou em uma análise multicritério, em ambiente de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG), de cinco fatores condicionantes para a ocorrência de movimentos de massa, sendo eles: declividade do terreno, uso e ocupação do solo, tipo de solo, intensidade de precipitação e escoamento superficial. Todos os procedimentos de geoprocessamento foram realizados no QGIS 2.14.9. A declividade foi obtida por meio dos modelos de declividade do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE). As imagens utilizadas para a classificação da cobertura do solo foram do satélite Landsat-8 OLI e classificadas no QGIS. A precipitação foi determinada por meio de interpolação pelo método Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW). A metodologia para modelagem do escoamento superficial foi a do Curve Number. Foram gerados mapas de susceptibilidade para cada critério separadamente e, posteriormente, aplicado o processo analítico hierárquico para determinar o resultado final. Do total analisado cerca de 33,1% apresentaram susceptibilidade Alta ou Muito Alta, com mais de 50% possuindo risco Moderado. O estudo demonstrou a funcionalidade da metodologia utilizada para o mapeamento de áreas de risco. Destaca-se a possibilidade da utilização deste procedimento em órgãos públicos, visando mitigar os impactos negativos causados pelos movimentos de massa, no ambiente rural e urbano. Palavras-chave: Geoprocessamento. Mapeamento. Movimentos de Massa. Multicritério.   The use of geographic information system to identify the susceptibility capacity to mass movements in the Caratinga River casin, Minas Gerais Abstract This study aimed to map the susceptibility to mass movements in the Caratinga river basin. The adopted methodology was based on a multicriteria analysis, in GIS environment, of five conditioning factors for the occurrence of mass movements, being them: land slope, use and occupation of the land, soil type, precipitation intensity and surface runoff. All geoprocessing procedures were performed in QGIS 2.41.9. The slope was obtained through INPE slope models. The images used to classify the land covering were from the Landsat-8 OLI satellite and classified in the QGIS. Precipitation was determined through interpolation, using the IDW method. The methodology for surface flow modeling was that of the Curve Number. Susceptibility maps were generated separately for each criteria and, subsequently, the hierarchical analytical process was applied to determine the final result. From the analyzed total, about 33.1% showed high or very high susceptibility, with more than 50% having moderate risk. The study demonstrated the functionality of the used methodology for the risk areas mapping. We highlight the possibility of using this procedure in public agencies, in order to mitigate the negative impacts caused by mass movements, in the rural and urban environments. Keywords: Geoprocessing. Mapping. Mass Movements. Multicriteria.


2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saulo Henrique de Faria Pereira ◽  
Maria Lúcia Calijuri ◽  
Sheila Cristina Martins Pereira ◽  
Nolan Ribeiro Bezerra ◽  
Maria de Nazaré Costa de Macedo

This paper aims to identify an area of over 5 ha for setting up an industrial park in Ipatinga microregion in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Ipatinga is both nationally and internationally regarded as a model city in terms of development because of Usiminas Company, which is one of the greatest metallurgic industrial powers of Minas Gerais State. Setting up an industrial park in this framework is essential to attract potential investors, to foster purchase of products manufactured by Usiminas, and thus to promote fiscal incentives to the municipality, which may contribute to Ipatinga socioeconomic development. A multicriteria analysis was carried out, applying fuzzy logic (IDRISE software), ArcGis and images available from Google Earth and made a mosaic. Areas suitable for the industrial park implantation and the most suitable area were found by means of a cost-benefit analysis. Since hiring qualified labor after setting the park up would eventually implicate migration of several people from other regions, a dwelling study was also carry out. The results indicate that multicriteria analysis is an important tool for decision-making throughout the process of assessing and selecting areas to set up striking enterprises.


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