scholarly journals PENGENALAN AKSARA BALI DENGAN PENDEKATAN METODE DIRECTION FEATURE DAN AREA BINARY OBJECT FEATURE

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Made Ari Pratiwi ◽  
Widi Hapsari ◽  
Theresia Herlina R.
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Character Recognition ◽  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Object Feature ◽  
Object Area ◽  
Binary Object ◽  
The Right ◽  
Object Features ◽  
Small Stroke

The rise of technology has been contributing advances to science, and to human being in making jobs far much easier to do, including pattern recognition. This research focused on character recognition by developing a system capable to recognise images of printed Balinese traditional character, which has a distinct feature of having perceptually similar characters, where each others are often differentiated only by a small stroke or a curve. The system itself took several processes to recognise a character. First, the image containing Balinese characters is preprocessed. Afterwards, two object features are extracted from the image: Direction and Binary Object Area. Both features then tested for similarity using Euclidean distance with the same features already obtained from the control images. From 573 characters tested to the system, 559 are recognized as characters and 526 are correctly recognized as the right character, which yields an overall accuracy of 91.8%. Recognition results are dependent to character spacing condition.

scholarly journals Bengali Longhand Character Recognition using Fourier Transform and Euclidean Distance Metric

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Mousumi Hasan Mukti ◽  
Quazi Saad-Ul-Mosaher ◽  
Khalil Ahammad
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Character Recognition ◽  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Input Image ◽  
Handwritten Character ◽  
Input Dataset ◽  
Implementation Tool

Handwritten Character Recognition (HCR) is widely considered as a benchmark problem for pattern recognition and artificial intelligence. Text matching has become a popular research area in recent days as it plays a great part in pattern recognition. Different techniques for recognizing handwritten letters and digits for different languages have already been implemented throughout the world. This research aims at developing a system for recognizing Bengali handwritten characters i.e. letters and digits using Fourier Transform (FT) and Euclidean distance measurement technique. A dataset with 800 handwritten character texts from different people has been developed for this purpose and these character texts are converted to their equivalent printed version to implement this research. MATLAB has been used as an implementation tool for different preprocessing techniques like cropping, resizing, flood filling, thinning etc. Processed text images are used as input to the system and they are converted to FT. Handwritten character of different person may be of different style and angle. The input dataset is collected from various types of people including age level from 5 to 70 years, from different professions like pre-schooling students, graduate students, doctors, teachers and housewives. So, to match the input image with printed dataset (PDS) each printed data is rotated up to 450 left and right and then their FT is computed. The Euclidean distance among the input image and the rotated 30 images of each printed text are taken as intermediate distance set. The minimum value of Euclidean distance for a character is used to recognize the targeted character from the intermediate set. Wrongly detected texts are not thrown away from the system rather those are stored in the named character or digits file so that those can be used in future for deep learning. By following the proposed methodology, the research has achieved 98.88% recognition accuracy according to the input and PDS.

When Does a Right to Life Arise?

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-64
Author(s):  
Lynn D. Wardle
Keyword(s):  
Severe Disabilities ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Biological Science ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Frozen Embryos ◽  
The Right ◽  
Legal Right

The question of when a legal right to life first arises in the course of a human being’s development is pertinent to a variety of contexts, including protection of prenatal life from injury by persons other than the gestational mother, what to do with frozen embryos when the couple who created them divorces, and how to treat children born with severe disabilities, as well as the more familiar context of state regulation, restriction, or prohibition of abortion. This chapter first summarizes social and biological science findings relevant to this question, then details development of legal rules and constitutional doctrine pertaining to abortion regulation before contrasting that with protections for prenatal life in other contexts. It concludes that the most coherent answer to the question when a right to life arises is that the right to life is coextensive with the biological life of the human being, and that a legal right to remain alive arises when a human being comes into existence and continues until it ceases to be a human being—that is, when its life has ended. This might provide justification for greater restrictions on abortion, but that could depend on additional considerations.

Extracting Medical Information from Paper COVID-19 Assessment Forms

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 170-178
Author(s):  
Jacob D. Schultz ◽  
Colin G. White-Dzuro ◽  
Cheng Ye ◽  
Joseph R. Coco ◽  
Janet M. Myers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Character Recognition ◽  
Optical Character Recognition ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Data Validation ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
Medical Documents ◽  
Optical Mark Recognition ◽  
The Right

Abstract Objective This study examines the validity of optical mark recognition, a novel user interface, and crowdsourced data validation to rapidly digitize and extract data from paper COVID-19 assessment forms at a large medical center. Methods An optical mark recognition/optical character recognition (OMR/OCR) system was developed to identify fields that were selected on 2,814 paper assessment forms, each with 141 fields which were used to assess potential COVID-19 infections. A novel user interface (UI) displayed mirrored forms showing the scanned assessment forms with OMR results superimposed on the left and an editable web form on the right to improve ease of data validation. Crowdsourced participants validated the results of the OMR system. Overall error rate and time taken to validate were calculated. A subset of forms was validated by multiple participants to calculate agreement between participants. Results The OMR/OCR tools correctly extracted data from scanned forms fields with an average accuracy of 70% and median accuracy of 78% when the OMR/OCR results were compared with the results from crowd validation. Scanned forms were crowd-validated at a mean rate of 157 seconds per document and a volume of approximately 108 documents per day. A randomly selected subset of documents was reviewed by multiple participants, producing an interobserver agreement of 97% for documents when narrative-text fields were included and 98% when only Boolean and multiple-choice fields were considered. Conclusion Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it may be challenging for health care workers wearing personal protective equipment to interact with electronic health records. The combination of OMR/OCR technology, a novel UI, and crowdsourcing data-validation processes allowed for the efficient extraction of a large volume of paper medical documents produced during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Palm Vein Recognition Based on Independent Component Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 333-335 ◽  
pp. 1106-1109
Author(s):  
Wei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Independent Component Analysis ◽  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Independent Component ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Vein Pattern ◽  
Vein Recognition ◽  
Palm Vein

Palm vein pattern recognition is one of the newest biometric techniques researched today. This paper proposes project the palm vein image matrix based on independent component analysis directly, then calculates the Euclidean distance of the projection matrix, seeks the nearest distance for classification. The experiment has been done in a self-build palm vein database. Experimental results show that the algorithm of independent component analysis is suitable for palm vein recognition and the recognition performance is practical.

A WAVE APPROACH TO PATTERN RECOGNITION (WITH APPLICATION TO OPTICAL CHARACTER RECOGNITION)

1994 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 193-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
VADIM BIKTASHEV ◽  
VALENTIN KRINSKY ◽  
HERMANN HAKEN
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Character Recognition ◽  
Optical Character Recognition ◽  
Dissipative Structures ◽  
Binary Images ◽  
Optical Character ◽  
Nonlinear Version ◽  
Medium Quality ◽  
Scalar Products ◽  
Machine Reading

The possibility of using nonlinear media as a highly parallel computation tool is discussed, specifically for image classification and recognition. Some approaches of this type are known, that are based on stationary dissipative structures which can “measure” scalar products of images. In this paper, we exploit the analogy between binary images and point sets, and use the Hausdorff metrics for comparing the images. It does not require the measure at all, and is based only on the metrics of the space whose subsets we consider. In addition to Hausdorff distance, we suggest a new “nonlinear” version of this distance for comparison of images, called “autowave” distance. This distance can be calculated very easily and yields some additional advantages for pattern recognition (e.g. noise tolerance). The method was illustrated for the problem of machine reading (Optical Character Recognition). It was compared with some famous OCR programs for PC. On a medium quality xerocopy of a journal page, in the same conditions of learning and recognition, the autowave approach resulted in much fewer mistakes. The method can be realized using only one chip with simple uniform connection of the elements. In this case, it yields an increase in computation speed of several orders of magnitude.

scholarly journals The Royal Institution in Ancient Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Jafar Aghazadeh ◽  
Hasan Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Main Obstacle ◽  
Ordinary Life ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Royal Institution ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Right

<p>In the thoughts and beliefs of Iranians, kingdom has had a history of the creation of human beings on the earth. Accordingly, Iranians believe that the first creature and human being on the earth was the first king of Iran. Iranians connects the history of their mythical royal dynasties to the creation of humanity. For Iranians, the mythical kings of Iran are the creators of the royal institution and the functions and duties of the royal institution have been established, developed and transferred to next generations by the measures of these kings. The objective of the present study is to investigate the establishment of the royal institution and the development of royal institution in ancient Iran by a descriptive-analytical method. The findings indicate that Iranians had specific sacredness for their kings and called the first creature of Ahura Mazda as the King. In addition, they believed that kings should perform particular tasks whose formation was attributed to the mythical kings of Iran. Further, they believed that only those persons had the right of being a king who were from the race of kings and were approved by Ahura Mazda. to examine Lessing’s elucidation of authentic knowledge in <em>Shikasta</em>. The methodology appropriated in the paper entails depiction of visible world as an illusion of the Real pointed in Plato’s allegory of Cave and Nagarjuna’s Mundane Truth. We clarify emotion as the main motivator of such illusionary status stressed in both Plato and Nagarjuna’s thoughts. We argue that while the importance of reason and eradicating emotion cannot be ignored, what adjoins people to Truth is mindfulness and intuitive knowledge which is close to Nagarjuna’s non-dual patterns. By examining ordinary life as the illusion of Real, and emotion as the main obstacle to achieve the Truth emphasized in both Nagarjuna and Plato’s trends, we depart from other critics who undermine the eminence of essentialist trace in Lessing’s works and examine her approach towards Truth merely under postmodern lens. This departure is significant since we clarify while essentialism has been abandoned to a large extent and supporters of Plato have become scarce, amalgamation of his thoughts with spiritual trends opens a fresh way to earn authenticity in Lessing’s novel. </p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Handwritten English Character Recognition and translate English to Devnagari Words

2019 ◽  
pp. 142-151
Author(s):  
Shivali Parkhedkar ◽  
Shaveri Vairagade ◽  
Vishakha Sakharkar ◽  
Bharti Khurpe ◽  
Arpita Pikalmunde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Character Recognition ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Feature Vectors ◽  
Form Processing ◽  
Knn Classifier ◽  
Gabor Feature ◽  
Handwritten Document ◽  
The Individual

In our proposed work we will accept the challenges of recognizing the words and we will work to win the challenge. The handwritten document is scanned using a scanner. The image of the scanned document is processed victimization the program. Each character in the word is isolated. Then the individual isolated character is subjected to “Feature Extraction” by the Gabor Feature. Extracted features are passed through KNN classifier. Finally we get the Recognized word. Character recognition is a process by which computer recognizes handwritten characters and turns them into a format which a user can understand. Computer primarily based pattern recognition may be a method that involves many sub process. In today’s surroundings character recognition has gained ton of concentration with in the field of pattern recognition. Handwritten character recognition is beneficial in cheque process in banks, form processing systems and many more. Character recognition is one in all the favored and difficult space in analysis. In future, character recognition creates paperless environment. The novelty of this approach is to achieve better accuracy, reduced computational time for recognition of handwritten characters. The proposed method extracts the geometric features of the character contour. These features are based on the basic line types that forms the character skeleton. The system offers a feature vector as its output. The feature vectors so generated from a training set, were then used to train a pattern recognition engine based on Neural Networks so that the system can be benchmarked. The algorithm proposed concentrates on the same. It extracts totally different line varieties that forms a specific character. It conjointly also concentrates on the point options of constant. The feature extraction technique explained was tested using a Neural Network which was trained with the feature vectors obtained from the proposed method.

scholarly journals NEW PERSPECTIVES ON THE LION MAN FIGURINE OF HOHLENSTEIN-STADEL CAVE (SOUTHWESTERN GERMANY)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wolf ◽  
N. Ebinger-Rist ◽  
C.-J. Kind ◽  
K. Wehrberger
Keyword(s):  
Middle Palaeolithic ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Stratigraphic Sequence ◽  
Western Germany ◽  
The Right

In the Hohlenstein-Stadel Cave in 1939 excavators uncovered nearly 200 mammoth ivory fragments, which were refitted as a therianthrope figurine with the head and torso of a cave lion but with the legs of a human being. It was thus named the Lion Man. During recent excavations in the Stadel Cave between 2008 and 2013, a stratigraphic sequence was discovered that extended from the Middle Palaeolithic to the Aurignacian. It became clear that the location of the Lion Man during the excavations of 1939 corresponded to layer Au of the recent 2008-2013 excavations part of the excavation back dirt from 1939 was also uncovered. Here, 575 fragments of mammoth ivory were found that partially belonged to the Lion Man figurine that was carved from a complete tusk. In 2012/2013 the Lion Man was therefore newly restored. The figure was completed to the greatest possible extent. It became apparent that the Lion Man represents a male. We also obtained new perpectives on the position and the sinistral ornamentation of the figurine. The snout, the back and the right side were refitted and the Lion Man also gained volume due to the refitted pieces. New insight underlines the intentional deposition of the formerly complete figurine during the Aurignacian. Wehrberger, K. (Ed.) (2013). The Return of the Lion Man. History Myth Magic. Ostfildern: Jan Thorbecke Verlag. Kind, C.-J., Ebinger-Rist, N., Wolf, S., Beutelspacher, T., Wehrberger, K. (2014). The Smile of the Lion Man. Recent Excavations in Stadel Cave (BadenWrttemberg, south-western Germany) and the Restoration of the Famous Upper Palaeolithic Figurine. Quartr, 61, 129145

scholarly journals PARADIGMA SOSIALISASI DAN KONTRIBUSINYA TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN JIWA BERAGAMA ANAK

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-79
Author(s):  
Anwar Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Patterns ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Right

This article examines the social capacities that become the potential of every human being in relation to the development of his religious soul. Humans are known as religious beings, meaning that in a human way humans make statements, agreements to believe in God, and this is a religious potential that needs to be maintained by a healthy and religious environment. When socializing, every human being is in an environment whose behavior patterns have been formed, and face a norm system that is used as a basis for interaction. Therefore, religious souls need an environment that can direct it to the right direction for growth, that is, the awareness of religion according to what has been pledged while still in the mother's womb.

scholarly journals IDEOLOGI RADIKALISME DALAM ISLAM TENTANG WACANA HOMOSEKSUAL DI MEDIA MASSA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Fita Fathurokhmah
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Individual Freedom ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Mass Media ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ideological Difference

This article wants to examine how the media ideology about the concept of radicalism in Islam in the mass media of Republika and Koran Tempo. The Republika newspaper supports and agrees to the Islamic Defenders Front (FPI) both with an understanding of the prohibition of homosexuality and the appointment of news of FPI's violence against homosexuals. The Tempo newspaper is more about renewing ideas such as reporting on the views of the Liberal Islam Network (JIL) in respect of homosexuals. Homosexuality is the same sex lover or the choice of sexuality abnormalities is normal as a human being, it does not need to be criticized but must be respected as individual freedom. There is a fundamental ideological difference between Republika and Koran Tempo by renewing the concept of homosexuality with thinking radicalism on the basis of Islamic teachings. The homosexual issue, FPI applies the meaning of Islamic radicalism from the right-wing side which promotes violence as resistance, while JIL applies the meaning of radicalism from the left-wing side which prioritizes the radicalism of thought and law in the Koran.  AbstrakArtikel ini ingin mengkaji bagaimana ideologi media tentang konsep radikalisme dalam Islam di media massa Republika dan Koran Tempo. Surat kabar Republika mendukung dan setuju pada Front Pembela Islam (FPI) baik dengan pemahaman pelarangan homoseksual dan pengangkatan berita tindak kekerasan FPI melawan homoseksual. Koran Tempo lebih pada pembaharuan pemikiran seperti pemberitaan pandangan Jaringan Islam Liberal (JIL) terkait menghormatinya kaum homoseksual. Homoseksual adalah penyuka sesama jenis atau pilihan kelainan seksualitas itu normal sebagai manusia, tidak perlu dicela tapi harus dihargai sebagai kebebasan individu. Terdapat perbedaan ideologi yang mendasar antara Republika dan Koran Tempo dengan melakukan pembaharuan konsep homoseksual dengan radikalisme berpikir dengan pijakan ajaran Islam. Persoalan homoseksual, FPI menerapkan makna radikalisme Islam dari sisi sayap kanan yang mengedepankan kekerasan sebagai perlawanan, sedangkan JIL menerapkan makna radikalisme dari sisi sayap kiri yang mengutamakan keradikalan pemikiran dan hukum dalam al-Quran.

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