scholarly journals Phonological Development: Acquisition of Hausa Secondary Consonants Pronunciation by the Hausa Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sani Dauda Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Speech Pathology ◽  
Pictorial Stimulus ◽  
Phonological Development ◽  
Sound System ◽  
Phonological Processes ◽  
Glottal Stop ◽  
Children's Speech

Phonological development refers to the stages that children pass before they can correctly use and understand the sound system of their language. Inspired by Stampe’s (1969) Natural Phonology Theory, this paper examines the acquisition of Hausa secondary consonants pronunciation by the Hausa children. The paper seeks to achieve the following objectives (a) to identify the phonological processes that are operating in the production of the Hausa secondary consonants by the Hausa 2-5 years children (b) to discover the units that are more affected if certain changes occur in the production of the Hausa secondary consonants (c) to explain whether a parental behavior influence the children’s production of the Hausa secondary consonants. Four children aged between 2-5 years were purposely selected. The data were collected using a Pictorial Stimulus-Driven Elicitation. The study found that reduction, simplification, and substitution phonological processes operate in some of the children’s speech production. It also revealed that regardless of the glottal stop, the second unit of the secondary consonants is more affected and that parental behavior affects children’s speech production. The implication of this result is that it can be used by speech pathology to draw a conclusion about the Hausa children’s phonological development.

scholarly journals Analysis of phonological processes in the acquisition of complex onset in children with typical phonological development

Revista CEFAC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maraísa Espíndola de Castro Soares ◽  
Luzia Miscow da Cruz Payão ◽  
Miguel Oliveira Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Care Center ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Phonological Development ◽  
Phonological Processes ◽  
Day Care Center ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Atypical Development ◽  
Objective Description ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Children's Speech

ABSTRACT Objective: description and analysis of the phonological processes in the acquisition of complex onset by children with typical phonological development in the age ranges of 3;0 and 5;11. Methods: thirty-one students of a public day-care center in Maceió-AL, having no auditory, cognitive, or motor impairment, participated in this study. The data were collected using the ABFW Child Language Test (WERTZNER, 2004); spontaneous speech was also collected. Inferential statistical analysis of the data was performed, and the phonological processes were analyzed in the production of complex onset. Results: we found evidence for late acquisition of this syllabic component in the age range of 5;0-5;11 for both types of complex onsets. In relation to the prevalence of phonological processes, a statistically significant difference was observed between the different processes, with a prevalence of the simplified phonological process for C1V, when taking the two types of complex onset into consideration; however, the 5-year age group, in which there was a prevalence of liquid substitution, was an exception. Conclusion: the most observed phonological processes in children's speech were: simplification of C1V and liquid substitution. These results will contribute to the selection of the lexicon for evaluation and treatment of cases of atypical development.

Phonological effects shown by normal adult speakers learning new words: Implications for phonological development

1991 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce L. Smith ◽  
Cynthia Macaluso ◽  
Sharon Brown-Sweeney
Keyword(s):  
Normal Adult ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phonological Development ◽  
Phonological Processes ◽  
New Words ◽  
Adult Control ◽  
Storage And Retrieval ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Children's Speech

ABSTRACTPhonological processes have been used to describe children’s speech for a number of years, but the causes of most processes remain unexplained. In a study investigating possible sources of processes in children’s speech, Aitchison and Chiat (1981) suggested that many developmental phonological processes may be a result of problems in lexical storage and retrieval. One limitation of their study, however, was that they had no adult control group, whose results might have helped clarify their findings. The present research with adults was similar to Aitchison and Chiat’s investigation with children and was intended to provide additional information about whether children’s typical phonological processes generally involve lexical storage and recall difficulties. Caution is advised in assuming that children’s spontaneous phonological processes are generally a result of lexical storage and recall factors.

scholarly journals Phonological development in the early speech of an Indonesian-German bilingual child

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Putu Sri Adnyani ◽  
I Wayan Pastika
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Phonological Development ◽  
Sound System ◽  
Phonological Processes ◽  
Bilingual Child ◽  
Dominant Language ◽  
Linguistic System ◽  
Early Speech ◽  
Crosslinguistic Influence

Current research in bilingual children’s language development with one language dominant has shown that one linguistic system can affect the other. This is called Crosslinguistic Influence (CLI). This paper explores whether CLI is experienced by a bilingual child raised in two typologically distinct languages in terms of phonological development. It uses data from the study of a child simultaneously acquiring Indonesian and German between the ages of 12 months - 20 months, with Indonesian as the dominant language. The sound segments developed by the child showed universal tendencies, with the appearance of bilabials prior to alveolar sounds, followed by velar sounds. The sounds were produced mostly in the form of stops, nasals and glides. Three phonological processes were displayed by the child: substitution, assimilation and syllable structures. The front rounded vowel [ʏ], which exists in German but not in the Indonesian sound system, was systematically replaced by the palatal approximant [j]. This approximant exists in the Indonesian sound system but not in the German phonemic inventory. This provides evidence that, in terms of phonological development, the child experienced CLI, but only for certain sound transfers.

scholarly journals Phonological Processes in ESL Five-Year-Olds

1984 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Piper
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
First Language ◽  
Syllable Structure ◽  
First Language Acquisition ◽  
Sound System ◽  
Phonological Processes ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Speech Data ◽  
Esl Learners

This paper reports the results of a study investigating the acquisition of the sound system by fifteen ESL five-year-olds. Segmental consonant errors drawn from speech data collected over ten months were categorized according to eight phonological processes in three categories, assimilation. substitution, and syllable structure changes. Eighty-six percent of the errors corresponded to those identified by Ingram (1979) and others as universal in first language acquisition. The author advises caution in the interpretation of this result, however, since there were certain differences in the particular errors made by the ESL learners within each category as well as processes considered universal among first language learners which were not found among the ESL learners.

Distinctive Features in Speech Pathology: Phonology or Phonemics?

1976 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Parker
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Speech Signal ◽  
Speech Pathology ◽  
Direct Relation ◽  
Crucial Point ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Phonological Structure ◽  
Generative Theory ◽  
Speech Science ◽  
The One

Distinctive feature is not a unique concept within linguistic theory. It has two distinct theoretical bases: phonemic theory and generative theory. Phonemic theory assumes a direct correspondence between distinctive features (the elements of phonemes) and the speech signal. Although this assumption can be shown to be incorrect, it seems to be the one most widely held in speech science. Generative theory, on the other hand, assumes no such direct relation and consequently can account for certain linguistic phenomena that phonemic theory cannot. This theory then seems to be preferable to phonemic theory for a featural analysis of misarticulation. However, there is a problem. Chomsky and Halle’s system (generative theory) as it stands does not deal with the link between what it conceives to be the lowest level of linguistic structure (the phonetic matrix) and speech production. Therefore, Chomsky and Halle’s distinctive features cannot be applied fruitfully to all instances of misarticulation. The discrepancy that exists between phonological structure and the speech signal must be accounted for in a theory of speech production. This can be accomplished by recognizing a production matrix below the phonetic matrix, where segments are described in terms of production features. The crucial point is that no one-to-one relationship necessarily exists between distinctive features and production features.

Phonological development in lexically precocious 2-year-olds

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRUCE L. SMITH ◽  
KARLA K. MCGREGOR ◽  
DARCIE DEMILLE
Keyword(s):  
Chronological Age ◽  
Phonological Development ◽  
Vocabulary Size ◽  
Phonological Processes ◽  
Spontaneous Language ◽  
Phonological Abilities

To examine interactions between young children's vocabulary size and their phonological abilities, spontaneous language samples were collected from 24-month-olds with precocious lexicons, their age mates (24-month-olds with average-sized lexicons), and their vocabulary mates (30-month-olds with average-sized lexicons). Phonological ability was measured in a variety of ways, such as the number of different consonants that were targeted, the number of different consonants produced correctly, the percentage of consonants produced correctly, and the occurrence of phonological processes. The lexically precocious 24-month-olds were similar to their vocabulary mates on most measures of phonological ability, and both of these groups were generally superior to the 24-month-olds with smaller lexicons. These findings supported a hypothesized relationship between lexicon size and phonological performance, and demonstrated that 2-year-olds' phonological development is more closely related to size of the lexicon than chronological age.

Scalar and categorical phenomena in a unified model of phonetics and phonology

Phonology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Flemming
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Unified Model ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Phonological Processes ◽  
Production Constraints ◽  
Phonetic Detail

It is often assumed that there is a sharp division between phonetic and phonological processes, but the two are often strikingly similar, as in the case of phonetic consonant–vowel coarticulation and phonological assimilation between consonants and vowels. Parallels of this kind are best accounted for if both types of phenomena are analysed within a unified framework, so similarities result from the fact that both phonetic and phonological processes are subject to the same constraints. A unified model of phonetics and phonology is developed and exemplified through the analysis of parallel phonetic and phonological assimilation processes. The model operates in terms of scalar phonetic representations to accommodate phonetic detail, but categorical phenomena can still be derived from the interaction of speech production constraints with constraints that motivate the formation of distinct categories of sounds for the purposes of linguistic contrast.

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