scholarly journals Analysis of phonological processes in the acquisition of complex onset in children with typical phonological development

Revista CEFAC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maraísa Espíndola de Castro Soares ◽  
Luzia Miscow da Cruz Payão ◽  
Miguel Oliveira Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Care Center ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Phonological Development ◽  
Phonological Processes ◽  
Day Care Center ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Atypical Development ◽  
Objective Description ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Children's Speech

ABSTRACT Objective: description and analysis of the phonological processes in the acquisition of complex onset by children with typical phonological development in the age ranges of 3;0 and 5;11. Methods: thirty-one students of a public day-care center in Maceió-AL, having no auditory, cognitive, or motor impairment, participated in this study. The data were collected using the ABFW Child Language Test (WERTZNER, 2004); spontaneous speech was also collected. Inferential statistical analysis of the data was performed, and the phonological processes were analyzed in the production of complex onset. Results: we found evidence for late acquisition of this syllabic component in the age range of 5;0-5;11 for both types of complex onsets. In relation to the prevalence of phonological processes, a statistically significant difference was observed between the different processes, with a prevalence of the simplified phonological process for C1V, when taking the two types of complex onset into consideration; however, the 5-year age group, in which there was a prevalence of liquid substitution, was an exception. Conclusion: the most observed phonological processes in children's speech were: simplification of C1V and liquid substitution. These results will contribute to the selection of the lexicon for evaluation and treatment of cases of atypical development.

scholarly journals A ABORDAGEM PIKLER E A ORGANIZAÇÃO DO ESPAÇO PARA BEBÊS NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (Especial 2) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Renata Pavesi Cocito
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Training ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Day Care Center ◽  
The World ◽  
Space Organization ◽  
Education And Care ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Institutional Space

The article comes from the studies carried out on the Pikler approach to promote teacher training and improvement of the work developed in a university day care center, focusing on the organization of spaces for babies. The objective is to present piklerian contributions for the organization of the institutional space for infants (children up to 1 year and 6 months of age). As methodology, we adopted bibliographic research. The Pikler approach originated in Budapest with the Hungarian physician Emmi Pikler who conducted the education and care of orphaned children from 1946. In studying the Pikler approach we understand space as a support to support babies in their motor acquisitions and their insertion in the world. The ample space, with little but adequate furniture and materials thought and selected for the specifics of the age range, allows the baby to experience the space with his body and, in this way, can gradually perceive and insert himself in the world that surrounds him . The actions of space organization, in the light of the Pikler approach, place the baby at the center of the pedagogical process and suppress the evidence and protagonism of the adult, still so present in this stage of Basic Education. The baby, powerful, capable and active, needs a context that supports him and allows him to experience his childhood with freedom and care.

scholarly journals Phonological Development: Acquisition of Hausa Secondary Consonants Pronunciation by the Hausa Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sani Dauda Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Speech Pathology ◽  
Pictorial Stimulus ◽  
Phonological Development ◽  
Sound System ◽  
Phonological Processes ◽  
Glottal Stop ◽  
Children's Speech

Phonological development refers to the stages that children pass before they can correctly use and understand the sound system of their language. Inspired by Stampe’s (1969) Natural Phonology Theory, this paper examines the acquisition of Hausa secondary consonants pronunciation by the Hausa children. The paper seeks to achieve the following objectives (a) to identify the phonological processes that are operating in the production of the Hausa secondary consonants by the Hausa 2-5 years children (b) to discover the units that are more affected if certain changes occur in the production of the Hausa secondary consonants (c) to explain whether a parental behavior influence the children’s production of the Hausa secondary consonants. Four children aged between 2-5 years were purposely selected. The data were collected using a Pictorial Stimulus-Driven Elicitation. The study found that reduction, simplification, and substitution phonological processes operate in some of the children’s speech production. It also revealed that regardless of the glottal stop, the second unit of the secondary consonants is more affected and that parental behavior affects children’s speech production. The implication of this result is that it can be used by speech pathology to draw a conclusion about the Hausa children’s phonological development.

scholarly journals Ultrasonographic analysis of coronal fricative phonemes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. e21002
Author(s):  
Maiana Pamplona ◽  
Aline Mara de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
P Value ◽  
Typical Development ◽  
Phonological Development ◽  
Phonological Processes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Development Of Language ◽  
Speech Therapists

Compare the tongue contour in different groups (children with typical, atypical phonological development and adults) in the production of fricative children, through ultrasound videos. The six participants were divided in three groups: Group DF - two children with phonological processes anteriorization of fricative (/ʃ/→ [s]), (both with seven years), group DT - two children with typical development of language (eight and nine years old) and group AD - two adults, all speakers of Brazilian Portuguese. The videos of the movement of the tongue in the production of target sounds inserted in the words /'sapo/, /'sika/, /'suko/, /'∫ave/, /'∫ike/ and /'∫uva/ were organized and evaluated by three judges speech therapists with experience in this area, guided in VAS. It has been observed that, for two of the judges, there was a significant difference between the words produced by children with DF and CT when compared with the words in contexts and vowel [i] and [u], and the productions of these children /∫/→[s] and /s/→[s], respectively, but not for words accompanied [a]. When comparing the data of children with DF and AD, there was statistically significant (p-value < 0.05) in the context of vowel [u]. The judges have detected articulatory differences between typical and atypical productions for children, as well as differentiation also as to the production of adults.

Phonological effects shown by normal adult speakers learning new words: Implications for phonological development

1991 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce L. Smith ◽  
Cynthia Macaluso ◽  
Sharon Brown-Sweeney
Keyword(s):  
Normal Adult ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phonological Development ◽  
Phonological Processes ◽  
New Words ◽  
Adult Control ◽  
Storage And Retrieval ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Children's Speech

ABSTRACTPhonological processes have been used to describe children’s speech for a number of years, but the causes of most processes remain unexplained. In a study investigating possible sources of processes in children’s speech, Aitchison and Chiat (1981) suggested that many developmental phonological processes may be a result of problems in lexical storage and retrieval. One limitation of their study, however, was that they had no adult control group, whose results might have helped clarify their findings. The present research with adults was similar to Aitchison and Chiat’s investigation with children and was intended to provide additional information about whether children’s typical phonological processes generally involve lexical storage and recall difficulties. Caution is advised in assuming that children’s spontaneous phonological processes are generally a result of lexical storage and recall factors.

Otitis Media in Early Childhood and Its Relationship to Later Phonological Development

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Erwick Roberts ◽  
Margaret R. Burchinal ◽  
Matthew A. Koch ◽  
Marianna M. Footo ◽  
Frederick W. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Phonological Development ◽  
Phonological Processes ◽  
Disadvantaged Children ◽  
History Of ◽  
Age Range

The relationship between otitis media during the first 3 years of life and subsequent speech development was examined in 55 socioeconomically disadvantaged children who attended a research day-care program. The children were participants in a longitudinal study of child development in which the number of episodes of otitis media and the duration of each otitis episode were reported prospectively from infancy. Standardized tests of speech were administered between the ages of 2 ½ and 8 years. No significant relationship was found between otitis media in early childhood and number of common phonological processes or consonants in error used during the preschool years. However, the number of days of otitis media before age 3 was associated with the total number of phonological processes used by children between the ages of 4 ½ and 8 years. Although these findings suggest that phonological processes after age 4 ½ tend to drop out more slowly for children with a history of otitis media than for children Without histories, no consistent patterns were observed for individual phonological processes or for the total number of consonants in error in this age range.

scholarly journals Influence of educative game instrument on children's motor development in child day care

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Lucie Permana Sari ◽  
Sri Sofyani ◽  
Bistok Saing ◽  
Iskandar Z. Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Day Care Center ◽  
Child Day Care ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Skill Dimensions

Background Child day care center is an institution functioning tohelp families to fulfil their child's need by providing stimulation witheducative game instrument (EGI) while they work outside home.Objectives To evaluate motor development of children at child daycare center with EGI stimulation compared with that of childrenwithout stimulation.Methods An experimental study using pretest-posttest control groupdesign was cartied out on children aged 2 to 5 years old, at Islamic CenterDay Care Center (without EGI) and Tanah-Besi Day Care Center inTebing Tinggi (with EGI for six months). Inclusion criteria: healthy,well-nourished children aged 2 to 5 years with informed consent, nodevelopmental delay (confirmed by Denver-II developmental screeningtest). Exclusion criteria: pre term birth children. Forty subjects wereselected by means of simple random sampling. Research data weretaken with Cronbach's motor skills scale. Subjects consisted of 3 to 4years old children, mostly four years old.Results Motor skills scores (mean; SD) of the Islamic CenterDay Care Center group and Tanah-Besi Day Care Center groupbefore stimulation were 104.9; 10.37 and 104.7; 5.47 (P=0.923),respectively, and after stimulation 105.2; 9.56 and 135.3; 7.67 (P<0.001), respectively. Motor skills scores (mean; SD) of Tanah-BesiDay Care Center group before and after stimulation were 104.7; 5.4 7and 135.3; 7.67 (P< 0.001) respectively. Motor skill dimensions score(mean; SD) ofTanah-Besi Day Care Center group before and afterstimulation: speed 28.9; 1.75 and 38.8; 2.79, stability 22.3; 1.02 and30.6; 1.57, accuracy 20.3; 1.15 and 26.7; 1.63, strength 33.3; 1.55and 39.1; 1.68, respectively with P< 0.001.Conclusions There is a significant difference in motor skillsscores and motor skill dimensions of children who receive EGIstimulation compared to those who do not.

A Qualitative Study on the Experiences of Home Day Care Center Directors

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-137
Author(s):  
Mi-Sook Kang ◽  
Seung-Eun Lee ◽  
Seung-Min Song ◽  
Soo-Jee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Day Care Center ◽  
Home Day Care

Determination of Spreading Motive Levels of Elite Hearing-impaired Sportsmen

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-55
Author(s):  
Osman Kusan ◽  
Hasan Erdem Mumcu ◽  
Abdulkerim Çeviker ◽  
Ömer Zambak ◽  
Onur Öztürk
Keyword(s):  
Educational Status ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Internal Motivation ◽  
National Team ◽  
Older Athletes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Age Range

This study was conducted to investigate the sub-scales of sports instructions of elite athletes with hearing impairment or hearing loss due to different reasons. A total of 173 hearing-impaired athletes constituted of 54 female and 119 male athletes who are active national team athletes in the age range of 15-25 years. The study was conducted based on Self Determination Theory of Deci and Ryan [9] and on the developed Sports Motivation Scale, Pelletier et al. [24] Kazak [18] applied the validity and reliability of the scale for Turkish athletes. Accordingly, since the p_values calculated for the inner motivation sub-scale and its sub-scales are less than the value of α = .05 which is taken as the level of significance, there is a statistically significant difference in the average scores of the hearing-impaired athletes in their internal motivations and sub-scales. According to gender and educational status, there was no difference in the motivation of the hearing-impaired athletes. According to the age variable, it was seen that older athletes had more external connections. Considering the general motivation scores, the athletes in tennis and swimming were less motivated than others. Elite hearing-impaired athletes are affected by both internal and external impulses. However, internal motivation scores are higher than the external. Internal motivation scores are seen as the lowest in the branch swimming area.

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