scholarly journals Change in Viral Load Count and Its Predictors Among Unsuppressed Viral Load Patients Receiving an Enhanced Adherence Counseling Intervention at Three Hospitals in Northern Ethiopia: An Exploratory Retrospective Follow-Up Study

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 12 ◽  
pp. 869-877
Author(s):  
Gedefaw Diress ◽  
Melese Linger
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Counseling Intervention ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Adherence Counseling

scholarly journals Delay to initiate treatment is associated with unsuccessful treatment outcome among new pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: a follow up study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
kiros Tedla ◽  
Girmay Medhin ◽  
Gebretsadik Berhe ◽  
Afework Mulugeta ◽  
Nega Berhe
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Unsuccessful Treatment ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background : Previous studies in Ethiopia indicated that tuberculosis (TB) patient’s elapse long time before treatment initiation. However, there is very limited evidence on the association of delay to initiate treatment with treatment outcome. Objective : To investigate the association of time to treatment initiation delay with treatment outcomes of new adult TB patients in Tigray region of Ethiopia. Methods : We conducted a follow up study from October 2018 to April 2020 by recruiting 875 newly diagnosed Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) patients from 21 randomly selected health facilities. Study participants were selected using simple random sampling technique during treatment initiation from October 1/2018 to October 30/2019. Delay to initiate treatment and treatment outcome were collected using standardized questionnaire and laboratory investigation. Adherence of TB patients to their treatment was collected using a 10 points linear visual analogue scale (VAS) at the end of treatment. The association of delay to initiate treatment with treatment outcome was modeled using log binomial regression model. Statistical significance was reported whenever p-value was less than 0.05. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 21. Result : The median total delay to treatment initiation was 62 days with inter-quartile range of 16-221 days. A unite increase in a day to initiate treatment results in increment of risk of unsuccessful treatment outcome by 2.3. Other factors associated with unsuccessful treatment outcomes were being less adherent to the treatment, HIV co infection, being smear positive at initiation of treatment and after 2 months of treatment initiation. Conclusion : delay in a day to initiate treatment is associated with increased risk of unsuccessful treatment outcome. Any effort targeted towards reducing the negative effects of PTB should target on strategies that reduces the length of delay to initiate treatment and strengthen community engagement to improve treatment adherence of patients that have started treatment.

scholarly journals HCV RNA viral load is independent from CD4 cell count and plasma HIV RNA viral load in immunocompetent HIV-HCV co-infected patients: a 3-years follow-up study

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Basso ◽  
Marzia Franzetti ◽  
Renzo Scaggiante ◽  
Andrea Sattin ◽  
Carlo Mengoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Hiv Rna ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Cd4 Cell

scholarly journals Predictors of mortality among adult people living with HIV/AIDS on antiretroviral therapy at Suhul Hospital, Tigrai, Northern Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kebede Haile Misgina ◽  
Meresa Gebremedhin Weldu ◽  
Tewodros Haile Gebremariam ◽  
Negassie Berhe Weledehaweria ◽  
Haileslasie Berhane Alema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Predictors Of Mortality ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Ethiopia is striving to achieve a goal of “zero human immune deficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS)-related deaths.” However, little has been documented on the factors that hamper the progress towards achieving this goal. Therefore, the ultimate aim of this study was to determine predictors of mortality among adult people living with HIV/AIDS on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods A retrospective follow-up study was employed on all adult HIV/AIDS patients who started ART between January 1 and December 30, 2010, at Suhul Hospital, Tigrai Region, Northern Ethiopia. Data were collected by trained fourth-year Public Health students using a checklist. Finally, the collected data were entered into SPSS version 16. Then after, Kaplan-Meier curves were used to estimate survival probability, the log-rank test was used for comparing the survival status, and Cox proportional hazards model were applied to determine predictors of mortality. Results The median follow-up period was 51 months (ranging between 1 and 60 months, inter-quartile range (IQR) = 14 months). At the end of follow-up, 37 (12.5%) patients were dead. The majority of these cumulative deaths, 19 (51.4%) and 29 (78.4%), occurred within 3 and 4 years of ART initiation respectively. Consuming alcohol (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.15, 4.32), low body weight (AHR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.03, 5.54), presence of opportunistic infections (AHR = 2.18, 95% CI = 1.09, 4.37), advanced WHO clinical stage (AHR = 2.75, 95% CI = 1.36, 5.58), and not receiving isoniazid prophylactic therapy (AHR = 3.00, 95% CI = 1.33, 6.74) were found to be independent predictors of mortality. Conclusion The overall mortality was very high. Baseline alcohol consumption, low body weight, advanced WHO clinical stage, the presence of opportunistic infections, and not receiving isoniazid prophylactic therapy were predictors of mortality. Strengthening behavioral and nutritional counseling with close clinical follow-up shall be given much more emphasis in the ART care and support program.

457 Determinants of hepatitis B viral load and its decline over time: A community-based follow-up study

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. S170
Author(s):  
C.J. Chen ◽  
E.J. Chen ◽  
H.I. Yang ◽  
U.H. Iloeje ◽  
J. Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Over Time

Incidence and Predictors of Loss-to-follow-up Among Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women on Option B+ PMTCT Program in Northwest Ethiopia: a Retrospective Follow-up Study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melkalem Mamuye Azanaw ◽  
Adhanom Gebreegziabher Baraki ◽  
Melaku Kindie Yenit
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Viral Load Measurement ◽  
Adherence Level ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Load Measurement ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

Abstract Background: Although Ethiopia is implementing an option B+ program for the last seven years, lost to follow-up among HIV positive women remains the major problem for ART treatment. The study was conducted on lost to follow-up among human immunodeficiency virus infected pregnant and breastfeeding women after Option B+ modality since there was a scarcity of literatures in Northwest Ethiopia. The result is also expected to strengthen the effort to eliminate mother-to-child transmission of HIV to 5%. Methods: A retrospective follow-up study was conducted among 403 pregnant and breastfeeding women between June 2013 and December 2019 at the University of Gondar comprehensive specialized Hospital. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used for identifying predictors of lost-to-follow-up. Results were reported as hazard ratios with 95% confidence interval at a significance level of p=0.05. Results: The overall incidence rate of loss to follow-up was 9.4 per 1000 person-months of observation (95% confidence interval (CI): 7. 4‒11. 9). According to the multivariable Cox regression, rural residency (adjusted hazard ratio(AHR): 2.30; 95% CI:1.08‒4.88), being Muslim religion follower (AHR: 2.44; 95% CI:1.23‒4.81), having no baseline viral load measurement (AHR: 4.21; 95% CI:2.23–7.96, being on ART before enrolment (AHR: 0.30; 95% CI:0.15–0.62), having drug side effects (AHR: 1.82; 95% CI:1.01–3.33), same day ART initiation (AHR: 3.23; 95% CI:1.53–6.84) and having sub-optimal adherence level (AHR: 3.96; 95% CI:2.18–7.19) were significant predictors of lost to follow up.Conclusion: The incidence of lost to follow-up is lower as compared to evidence from most African countries but slightly higher than the WHO target. It is better to strength and expand viral load measurement for all women and giving attention to those women who are residing in a rural area and having fair/poor adherence level.

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