Micro-/nano-topography of selective laser melting titanium enhances adhesion and proliferation and regulates adhesion-related gene expressions of human gingival fibroblasts and human gingival epithelial cells

Proteinase-activated receptors 1 (PAR1) and 2 (PAR2) are the most highly expressed members of the PAR family in the periodontium. These receptors regulate periodontal inflammatory and repair processes through their activation by endogenous and bacterial enzymes. PAR1is expressed by the periodontal cells such as human gingival fibroblasts, gingival epithelial cells, periodontal ligament cells, osteoblasts, and monocytic cells and can be activated by thrombin, matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1), MMP-13, fibrin, and gingipains fromPorphyromonas gingivalis. PAR2is expressed by neutrophils, osteoblasts, oral epithelial cells, and human gingival fibroblasts, and its possible activators in the periodontium are gingipains, neutrophil proteinase 3, and mast cell tryptase. The mechanisms through which PARs can respond to periodontal enzymes and result in appropriate immune responses have until recently been poorly understood. This review discusses recent findings that are beginning to identify a cardinal role for PAR1and PAR2on periodontal tissue metabolism.

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Candida albicans enhances invasion of human gingival epithelial cells and gingival fibroblasts by Porphyromonas gingivalis

Microbial Pathogenesis ◽

10.1016/j.micpath.2011.06.009 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 51 (4) ◽

pp. 250-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Riyoko Tamai ◽

Miho Sugamata ◽

Yusuke Kiyoura

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽

Gingival Fibroblasts ◽

Gingival Epithelial Cells ◽

Human Gingival Epithelial Cells

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Cigarette Smoke Stimulates SARS-CoV-2 Internalization by Activating AhR and Increasing ACE2 Expression in Human Gingival Epithelial Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22147669 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (14) ◽

pp. 7669

Author(s):

Cassio Luiz Coutinho Almeida-da-Silva ◽

Harmony Matshik Dakafay ◽

Kaitlyn Liu ◽

David M. Ojcius

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cells ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Cigarette Smoke ◽

Large Body ◽

Receptor Expression ◽

Host Cells ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Gingival Epithelial Cells ◽

Human Gingival Epithelial Cells ◽

Oral Cells

A large body of evidence shows the harmful effects of cigarette smoke to oral and systemic health. More recently, a link between smoking and susceptibility to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was proposed. COVID-19 is due to infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which uses the receptor ACE2 and the protease TMPRSS2 for entry into host cells, thereby infecting cells of the respiratory tract and the oral cavity. Here, we examined the effects of cigarette smoke on the expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptors and infection in human gingival epithelial cells (GECs). We found that cigarette smoke condensates (CSC) upregulated ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression in GECs, and that CSC activated aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling in the oral cells. ACE2 was known to mediate SARS-CoV-2 internalization, and we demonstrate that CSC treatment potentiated the internalization of SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus in GECs in an AhR-dependent manner. AhR depletion using small interference RNA decreased SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus internalization in CSC-treated GECs compared with control GECs. Our study reveals that cigarette smoke upregulates SARS-CoV-2 receptor expression and infection in oral cells. Understanding the mechanisms involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection in cells of the oral cavity may suggest therapeutic interventions for preventing viral infection and transmission.

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Pro-inflammatory cytokine responses in human gingival epithelial cells after stimulation with cell wall extract of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans subtypes

Anaerobe ◽

10.1016/j.anaerobe.2017.08.001 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 ◽

pp. 103-109 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Nuntiya Pahumunto ◽

Pareena Chotjumlong ◽

Anupong Makeudom ◽

Suttichai Krisanaprakornkit ◽

Gunnar Dahlen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Inflammatory Cytokine ◽

Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans ◽

Cytokine Responses ◽

Gingival Epithelial Cells ◽

Cell Wall Extract ◽

Human Gingival Epithelial Cells

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Identification of Porphyromonas gingivalis Genes Specifically Expressed in Human Gingival Epithelial Cells by Using Differential Display Reverse Transcription-PCR

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.72.7.3752-3758.2004 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 72 (7) ◽

pp. 3752-3758 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Yoonsuk Park ◽

Özlem Yilmaz ◽

Il-Young Jung ◽

Richard J. Lamont

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cells ◽

Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽

Abc Transporter ◽

Differential Display ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Gene Products ◽

Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽

Gingival Epithelial Cells ◽

Insertional Inactivation ◽

Human Gingival Epithelial Cells

ABSTRACT Porphyromonas gingivalis, one of the causative agents of adult periodontitis, can invade and survive within host epithelial cells. The molecular mechanisms by which P. gingivalis induces uptake and adapts to an intracellular environment are not fully understood. In this study, we have investigated the genetic responses of P. gingivalis internalized within human gingival epithelial cells (GECs) in order to identify factors involved in invasion and survival. We compared the differential display of arbitrarily PCR-amplified gene transcripts in P. gingivalis recovered from GECs with the display of transcripts in P. gingivalis control cultures. Over 20 potential differentially expressed transcripts were identified. Among these, pepO, encoding an endopeptidase, and genes encoding an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter and a cation-transporting ATPase were upregulated in GECs. To investigate the functionality of these gene products, mutants were generated by insertional inactivation. Compared to the parental strain, mutants of each gene showed a significant reduction in their invasion capabilities. In addition, GEC cytoskeletal responses to the mutants were distinct from those induced by the parent. In contrast, adhesion of the mutant strains to GECs was not affected by lack of expression of the gene products. These results suggest that PepO, a cation-transporting ATPase, and an ABC transporter are required for the intracellular lifestyle of P. gingivalis.

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