scholarly journals Anemia in HIV/AIDS Patients on Antiretroviral Treatment at Ayder Specialized Hospital, Mekele, Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 11 ◽  
pp. 379-387
Author(s):  
Yemane Berhane ◽  
Diresibachew Haile ◽  
Tesfaye Tolessa
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals CD4/CD8 ratio as a predictor for the occurrence of metabolic syndrome in HIV / AIDS patients during 6 months of cART therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Refet Gojak ◽  
Vesna Hadžiosmanović ◽  
Rusmir Baljić ◽  
Lamija Zečević ◽  
Jozo Ćorić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Hiv Aids

Summary Background HIV infection is characterized by progressive depletion of CD4+ T cells due to their reduced synthesis and increased destruction followed by marked activation and expansion of CD8+ T lymphocytes. CD4/CD8 ratio was traditionally described as a marker of immune system ageing in the general population, but it increasingly appears as a marker of different outcomes in the HIV-infected population. The main objective of this study is to examine the power of CD4/CD8 ratio in predicting the occurrence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in HIV-positive patients receiving cART therapy. Methods 80 HIV/AIDS subjects were included in a retrospective case-control study. Flow cytometry was used to determine the percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ cells in peripheral blood of these patients. The values of biochemical parameters (triglycerides, HDL, blood sugar, blood counts), immunological parameters (CD4/CD8, PCR), anthropometric measurements and type of cART therapy were evaluated in this study. Results After six months of cART therapy 19 (23.8%) subjects had all the elements necessary for making the diagnosis of MetS. Using multivariate analysis CD4/CD8 ratio was statistically significant (p < 0.05) and had the largest effect on development of MetS (Wald = 9.01; OR = 0.45), followed by cART (Wald = 7.87; OR = 0.10) and triglycerides (Wald = 5.27; OR = 1.7). On the other hand, body weight and waist circumference showed no statistically significant effect on the development of MetS after six months of cART, p > 0.05. Conclusions CD4/CD8 ratio proved to be a significant marker for prediction of metabolic syndrome in HIV/AIDS patients.

scholarly journals Determinants of stillbirths among women who gave birth at Hawassa university comprehensive specialized hospital, Hawassa, Sidama, Ethiopia 2019: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rekiku Fikre ◽  
Samuel Ejeta ◽  
Taye Gari ◽  
Akalewold Alemayhu
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Obstructed Labor ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Prolonged Labor ◽  
Hawassa University ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Globally over 2.6 million pregnancy ends with stillbirth annually. Despite this fact, only a few sherds of evidence were available about factors associated with stillbirth in Ethiopia. Therefore, the study aimed to spot factors related to stillbirth among women who gave birth at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Hawassa, Sidama Ethiopia, 2019. Methods Facility-based unmatched case-control study was conducted at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Cases were selected using simple random sampling technique and controls were recruited to the study consecutively after every case selection with case to control ratio of 1 to 3. Data were coded and entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 24 for analysis. Results A total of 106 cases and 318 controls were included in the study. Number of antenatal care visit [AOR = 0.38, 95% CI (0.15, 0.95)], lack of partograph utilization [AOR = 4.1 95% CI (2.04, 10.5)], prolonged labor [AOR = 6.5, 95% CI (2.9, 14.4)], obstructed labor [AOR = 3.5, 95% CI (1.5, 9.4)], and congenital defect [AOR = 9.7, 95% CI (4.08, 23.0)] were significantly associated with stillbirth. Conclusion Absence of partograph utilization, prolonged labor, obstructed labor, antepartum hemorrhage and congenital anomaly were found to have positive association with stillbirth.

Predictors of antiretroviral treatment-associated tuberculosis in Ethiopia: a nested case-control study

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Mesfin ◽  
A Deribew ◽  
A Yami ◽  
T Solomon ◽  
J P Van Geertruyden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Determinants of Tuberculosis Among HIV Infected Adults in Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, West Ethiopia: A Facility-Based Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zelalem Belay Adugna ◽  
Belachew Etana Tolessa ◽  
Mekdes Tigistu Yilma
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Case Control ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Past ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background: Tuberculosis is a contagious air born disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis species and the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV/AIDS worldwide. Globally, it causes ill-health among millions of people living with HIV/AIDS each year. Objective: To identify determinants of Tuberculosis among HIV infected adults in public health facilities, in Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, 2019. Methods: Unmatched case-control study was conducted among 127 cases and 255 controls which were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected by record review and through face to face interview. Then, analysis was done using SPSS version 25.To identify determinants of tuberculosis multivariable logistic regression was employed. Adjusted odds ratio was calculated with 95 % CI to show strength of association and P-value < 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.Results: - A total of 127 cases and 255 controls were participated into the study with 97.2% response rate. Aged ≥35 years [ AOR= 2.63, 95% CI(1.29,5.36)], alcohol consumption [AOR=3.34,95%CI(1.68,6.99)], Having CD4 cells <200 [AOR=3.67, 95% CI (1.5, 9.1)], Having Haemoglobin <11g/dl [AOR=3.77, 95%CI(1.84,7.72)], Imprisoned in the past 2 years [AOR=4.22, 95%CI(1.56, 11.37)], Living with TB patients in the same house [AOR=14.97, 95% CI(1.99, 21.63)] were factors associated with TB among HIV infected adults. Importantly, using Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis [AOR=0.193, 95% CI(0.81,0.46)] had a protective effect from acquiring TB. Conclusion and Recommendation: Being in old age, alcohol use, Chewing khat, Having CD4cells <200, Advanced WHO clinical stage, Hgb <11g/dl, Imprisoned in the past 2 years, History of previous TB and living with TB patients in the same house were factors associated with TB/HIV co-infection. Using Cotrimoxazole had a protective effect from acquiring TB/HIV co-infection. For most of these determinants interventions can be made at individual and institutional levels, whereas, some factors need societal level integrations.

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