scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZES RESPONSES OF MORINGA OLEIFERA YIELD TO LOCALIZED IRRIGATION SYSTEMS, WATER RESTRICTION AND FERTILIZERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 509-523
Author(s):  
El-Boraie F.M. ◽  
◽  
R.M.M. El Shafay ◽  
M.E. Elhagarey ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Applied Water ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Soil Conditioners ◽  
Water Restrictions ◽  
System Water

This investigation of both of irrigation system, water restriction and soil conditioners on Morengaoleifera, (surface drip irrigation, D, buried drip, BD and mini-sprinkler, MS), as well for irrigating a magic crop like Morenga (Morengaoleifera) plants. Also, this work includes different irrigation water restriction which represent two three treatments (100, 80 and 60% of calculated applied water, W1, W2 and W3 respectivly), more over threes soil conditioners (Compost, C, Farm manure, FM, Mud, M). The experiment was carried out inShalatien where it lies in the east-west of the Red sea in Egypt. Surface evaporation in this area has a paramount importance because of its aridity hot climate under the circumstances of saline irrigation water usage. The objective of the present work is to study the influences of irrigation system, water restrictions and soil conditioners onmorphological and chemical characterizes of Moringa, for that,the following measurements are taken Trunk Diameter, Pods Tree Quantity, Seeds Yields (g) per tree, Weight per 1000 seeds (g), oil yields per tree (g), oil Yields per/ Acer (kg), chlorophyll A- B, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, Total carbohydrates, vitamin C,Nitrogen, Calcium, Fe and zinc content of Moringaoleifera plants in addition to Water use efficiency, cost analysis, energy analysis in two studied seasons, (2017-2018/2018-2019). Results show that the most positive influence of irrigation is buried irrigation, drip irrigation and mini-sprinkler respectively, due to the saved water from losses by evaporation under drought conditions. And the most positive influence of water restrictions treatments is 100, 80 and 60% respectively, but the in many measurements the differences between both of 100 and 80% of applied water is not significant, so its more economical to approve 80% of applied water under buried drip irrigation, which means about 20% of applied water can be save.

scholarly journals Experimental Evaluation for the Impacts of Conservation Agriculture with Drip Irrigation on Crop Coefficient and Soil Properties in the Sub-Humid Ethiopian Highlands

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdu Y. Yimam ◽  
Tewodros T. Assefa ◽  
Nigus F. Adane ◽  
Seifu A. Tilahun ◽  
Manoj K. Jha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Ethiopian Highlands ◽  
Irrigation Water Use

A field experiment consists of conservation agriculture (CA) and conventional tillage (CT) practices were set up in two areas, Robit and Dangishta, in sub-humid Ethiopian highlands. Irrigation water use, soil moisture, and agronomic data were monitored, and laboratory testing was conducted for soil samples, which were collected from 0 to 40 cm depth before planting and after harvest during the study period of 2015–2017. Calculation of crop coefficient (Kc) revealed a significant decrease in Kc values under CA as compared to CT. The result depicted that CA with a drip irrigation system significantly (α = 0.05) reduced Kc values of crops as compared to CT. Specifically, 20% reductions were observed for onion, cabbage, and garlic under CA whereas 10% reductions were observed for pepper throughout the crop base period. Consequently, irrigation water measurement showed that about 18% to 28% of a significant irrigation water savings were observed for the range of vegetables under CA as compared to CT. On the other hand, the results of soil measurement showed the CA practice significantly (α = 0.05) increased soil moisture (4%, 7%, 8%, and 10% increment for onion, cabbage, garlic, pepper) than CT practice even if irrigation input was small in CA practice. In addition, CA was found to improve the soil physico-chemical properties with significant improvement on organic matter (10%), field capacity (4%), and total nitrogen (10%) in the Dangishta experimental site. CA with drip irrigation is evidenced to be an efficient water-saving technology while improving soil properties to support sustainable intensification in the region.

scholarly journals Re-designing irrigated intensive cereal systems through bundling precision agronomic innovations for transitioning towards agricultural sustainability in North-West India

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Jat ◽  
P. C. Sharma ◽  
Ashim Datta ◽  
Madhu Choudhary ◽  
S. K. Kakraliya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Flood Irrigation ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
North West ◽  
Surface Drip Irrigation

AbstractA study was conducted to design productive, profitable, irrigation water¸ nitrogen and energy use efficient intensive cereal systems (rice-wheat; RW and maize-wheat; MW) in North-West India. Bundling of conservation agriculture (CA) with sub-surface drip irrigation termed as CA+ were compared with CA alone and conventional tillage based and flood irrigated RW rotation (farmer’s practice; ScI). In contrast to conventional till RW rotation which consumed 1889 mm ha−1 irrigation water (2-yr mean), CA+ system saved 58.4 and 95.5% irrigation water in RW and MW rotations, respectively. CA+ practices saved 45.8 and 22.7% of irrigation water in rice and maize, respectively compared to CA with flood irrigation. On a system basis, CA+ practices saved 46.7 and 44.7% irrigation water under RW (ScV) and MW (ScVI) systems compared to their respective CA-based systems with flood irrigation (ScIII and ScIV). CA+ in RW system recorded 11.2% higher crop productivity and improved irrigation water productivity by 145% and profitability by 29.2% compared to farmers’ practice. Substitution of rice with maize (MW system; ScVI) recorded 19.7% higher productivity, saved 84.5% of irrigation water and increased net returns by 48.9% compared to farmer’s practice. CA+ RW and MW system improved energy productivity by 75 and 169% and partial factor productivity of N by 44.6 and 49.6%, respectively compared to ScI. The sub-surface drip irrigation system saved the fertilizer N by 20% under CA systems. CA+ in RW and MW systems recorded ~13 and 5% (2-yr mean) higher profitability with 80% subsidy on installing sub-surface drip irrigation system and similar profitability without subsidy scenario compared with their respective flood irrigated CA-based systems.

scholarly journals On-station Evaluation of Family Drip Irrigation System in North-West Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Kasa Mekonen Tiku ◽  
Shushay Hagoes ◽  
Berhane Yohanes
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
North West ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Irrigation Water Productivity

The study was carried out at the effect of drip and surface irrigation (Furrow irrigation) methods on onion and sesame crops from December 2011 to May 2012 in the Tigray region of Northwest Ethiopia. The objective was to evaluate the family drip irrigation system in comparison with furrow irrigation system in terms of irrigation water productivity (using 100% ETc for both commodities). The water saved in drip irrigation over furrow irrigation was found to be 33% for onion and sesame crops. The irrigation water productivity of onion was 0.9 kg/m3 and 0.55 kg/m3 under drip and furrow irrigation methods respectively. The irrigation water productivity of sesame was 0.14 kg/m3 and 0.045 kg/m3 under drip and furrow irrigation methods respectively.

scholarly journals Features of protection of intertilled crops under irrigation conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
Fedir Melnychuk ◽  
Olha Marchenko ◽  
Andrii Shatkovskyi ◽  
Igor Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Systemic Nature ◽  
Irrigation Technologies ◽  
Active Substances

Irrigation not only changes the ecological conditions of cultivation, but also modifies the existing phytopathocenoses and entomocomplexes, exerting a comprehensive and multi-vector effect, which requires significant changes in protection technologies, development of new methods of pest control. It is important to select a modern range of chemicals that can be effectively used in chemicalisation. The purpose of the study is to identify promising active substances of pesticides for drip irrigation and to develop schemes for their application. Field experiments to determine the effectiveness of certain groups of pesticides under drip irrigation were conducted in the Dry Steppe of Ukraine. The application of the studied drugs took place on the drip irrigation system. To plan research on the use of pesticides under drip irrigation, schemes have been developed to protect row crops: corn, tomatoes, and soybeans. Selected active substances, which are described by translaminar and acropetal movement on the plant, have a systemic nature of action and are highly effective when used in drip irrigation technologies. It is considered that one of the important disadvantages of application of plant protection products with irrigation water is the limitation of application periods by irrigation regimes. The highest efficiency against the main pathogens was observed with the combined method of pesticide application according to the developed schemes. This method involves the use of pesticides together with irrigation water and additional chemical treatment with conventional methods of fertilisation during the growing season. For its part, this allows for preventive treatments in a short time and adjust the timing of treatments depending on the phytosanitary situation

scholarly journals ROLE OF COMPOST AND IRRIGATION WATER QUANTITY ON SOME PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL UNDER SURFACE, SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1300-1307
Author(s):  
Al-Shamari & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Irrigation Levels ◽  
Properties Of Soil

A field experiment was conducted in Ramadi district - Al-Anbar province during the autumn season of 2018. to study the role of compost (sheep residues) and irrigation levels in some physical properties of soil and water consumption a potato under surface and subsurface drip irrigation system. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in arrangement of a split- split-plot with  three replication were used.The results showed that the addition of 10 Mg.h-1  resulted in a significant decrease in bulk density (BD) values of 1.12 Mg m-3, and increase in the values of (MWD) and (Ks) to reach 1.47 mm and 10.3 cm. hr -1 respectively. The addition of 50% of the NID reduced the BD to 1.24 Mg m-3, The MWD and SHC were significantly higher to reach 1.24 mm and 8.1 cm hr-1 respectively. WHC increased with increasing of amount of irrigation water as it reached the highest value of 265.66 mm season-1 when adding 100% of the NID. The BD values decreased, whereas MWD and SWC increased under subsurface irrigation (SUBDI) treatment to be 1.23 Mg m-3, 1.24 mm and 8.4 cm hr-1, respectively.

scholarly journals CropSyst model for wheat under deficit irrigation using sprinkler and drip irrigation in sandy soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahany Noreldin ◽  
Samiha Ouda ◽  
Oussama Mounzer ◽  
Magdi T. Abdelhamid
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Yield Losses

AbstractCropSyst (Cropping Systems Simulation) is used as an analytic tool for studying irrigation water management to increase wheat productivity. Therefore, two field experiments were conducted to 1) calibrate CropSyst model for wheat grown under sprinkler and drip irrigation systems, 2) to use the simulation results to analyse the relationship between applied irrigation amount and the resulted yield and 3) to simulate the effect of saving irrigation water on wheat yield. Drip irrigation system in three treatments (100%, 75% and 50% of crop evapotranspiration – ETc) and under sprinkler irrigation system in five treatments (100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, and 20% of ETc) were imposed on these experiments. Results using CropSyst calibration revealed-that results of using CropSyst calibration revealed that the model was able to predict wheat grain and biological yield, with high degree of accuracy. Using 100% ETc under drip system resulted in very low water stress index (WSI = 0.008), whereas using 100% ETc sprinkler system resulted in WSI = 0.1, which proved that application of 100% ETc enough to ensure high yield. The rest of deficit irrigation treatments resulted in high yield losses. Simulation of application of 90% ETc not only reduced yield losses to either irrigation system, but also increased land and water productivity. Thus, it can be recommended to apply irrigation water to wheat equal to 90% ETc to save on the applied water and increase water productivity.

Assessment of smart irrigation controllers under subsurface and drip-irrigation systems for tomato yield in arid regions

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Al-Ghobari ◽  
F. S. Mohammad ◽  
M. S. A. El Marazky
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
Scheduling Irrigation ◽  
Use Efficiency

Here, two types of smart irrigation controllers intended to reduce irrigation water are investigated under Saudi Arabia’s present water crisis scenario. These controllers are specially made for scheduling irrigation and management of landscaping. Consequently, the aim of this study is to adapt the efficient automated controllers to tomato crops, and for extension to other similar agricultural crops. The controllers are based on evapotranspiration and have been shown to be promising tools for scheduling irrigation and quantifying the water required by plants to achieve water savings. In particular, the study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of these technologies (SmartLine SL 1600and Hunter Pro-C) in terms of the amount of irrigation applied and compare them with conventional irrigation scheduling methods. The smart irrigation systems were implemented and tested under drip irrigation and subsurface irrigation for tomato (cv. Nema) in an arid region. The results revealed significant differences between the three irrigation-scheduling methods in both the amount of applied water and yield. For example, each 1 mm water depth applied to the tomato crop via subsurface (or drip) irrigation by SmartLine, Hunter Pro-C, and the control system yielded 129.70 kg (70.33 kg), 161.50 kg (93.47 kg), and 109.78 kg (108.32 kg), respectively. Generally, the data analysis indicates that the Hunter Pro-C system saves water and produces a higher yield with the greatest irrigation water-use efficiency (IWUE) of the irrigation scheduling methods considered. Moreover, the results indicate that the subsurface irrigation system produced a higher yield and IWUE than the drip system.

scholarly journals The Effect of Irrgation Water Quality of Furrow Irrgation System on The Soil Properties in ABU Gharib District

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abed Jamel
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Research Office

a field experiment was conducted at the soil research department station (Agricultural Research Office), located in Abu Ghraibdistrict (20 kilometers west of Baghdad) during the spring season for year (2016) to study the effect of irrigation water quality of furrow irrigation system on chemical and physical properties of the Soil.The field study carried out by using three types of saline irrigation water: (tap water) with (0.6 ds/m), two wells water with (3.0 ds/m) and (5.1 ds/m), and the alternating irrigation method through the continuation of irrigation to the end of the agricultural season using one irrigate of tap water followed by one irrigate of water well with (5.1 ds/m). The results showedincreasing of ECS and SAR values if salinitywater used as (S2 > S3 > S1), respectivelyfor the depths (20-30, and 30-45cm) more than the depths (0-10, and 10-20 cm) and decreasing of ECS and SAR values at the depths (0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm) when the tap water ( S0) is used. Also, increasing of the physical properties of the soil when theirrigation used by tap water (S0), and, decreasing of the physical properties of the soil when the irrigation used by water salinity(S2 > S3 > S1), respectively, at the depth (15-30) more than the depth (0-15 cm).

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