scholarly journals COVID-19 AND TOURISM

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 788-804
Author(s):  
Mehtab Alam ◽  
◽  
Rizwana Parveen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
First Aid ◽  
International Travel ◽  
World Population ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Wild Fire ◽  
The World ◽  
To Come ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Entire Planet

With the outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), the whole world has been in a total shutdown. It came out as a challenge to just not some specific countries of continents, but to the entire planet. With no preparation for such type of pandemic and the time and effort required to come up with a fully functional and tested vaccine, the planet went down on its knees. Non pharmaceutical methods were the first aid for the outbreak. Unprecedented country wide lockdowns, stay at home decisions, closure of global as well as local travel, closure of public gatherings greatly disrupted the world economy. International travel bans were the first to be practiced which roughly affected 100% of the world population. With restrictions on public gatherings and movement of people, tourism came to a stand-still in March-April 2020. By this time, COVID-19 had reached most of the countries and the virus was spreading like wild fire.

scholarly journals International Travel is Not a Significant Risk of Exposure for Patients at a Midwestern United States Travel Clinic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Patel ◽  
Hans House
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Travel ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Western Pacific ◽  
Travel Clinic

Abstract The Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was introduced into the United States via travel from Asia and Europe, although the extent of the spread of the disease was limited in the early days of the pandemic. Consequently, international travel may have played a role in the transmission of the disease into Iowa. This study seeks to determine how preferences for international travel changed as novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) spread throughout the world and if any of these returning travelers developed COVID-19 as a result of their trips. This is a retrospective chart review of patients presenting to a travel clinic in Bettendorf, Iowa for pre-travel advice and vaccinations. From October 2019 to March 2020, four hundred twelve (n=412) patients presented to the clinic. Intended travel to the Western Pacific region (China, Japan, Korea, etc.) decreased dramatically during the study period. All 412 patients were followed in the electronic medical record for the period after their planned travel and only three (3) presented for COVID-19 testing. Two (2) tested positive, and both of these infections were linked to workplace exposures and not due to travel. News of the growing pandemic and travel warnings likely altered patients’ travel plans and decreased travel to the most affected regions of the world in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on our study, travel was not a significant source of COVID-19 exposure for patients seen at this clinic.

scholarly journals Common sage (Salvia officinalis) antiviral role: potentiality of a Unani hand sanitizer in COVID-19 (corona virus) second wave control

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-617
Author(s):  
MA Momith Azad ◽  
Abdullah Al Mahmud ◽  
Md Shahidul Islam ◽  
Ahmed Iqbal Gouhar
Keyword(s):  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
World Population ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Chemical Mixing

The world has been fighting against a pandemic for more than a year, caused by a highly infectious disease named COVID-19 rooted by the novel coronavirus 2019. It has already been spread out in most of the countries and a few of which are experiencing second wave. The Novel coronavirus-2019 (SARS CoV-2) incurred more than 1.6 million deaths and 76 million cases in the world population (till 20 December 2020). Although some vaccines are being launched, however, their effectivity and availability are still unknown. Maintaining personal hygiene and social distance are the best way of protection. Hand washing is the utmost recommendation for the maintenance of personal hygiene since hands can be contaminated by the droplets easily. Particularly, in pandemic situations, it is crucial to interrupt the transmission chain of the virus by the practice of proper hand sanitization. The hand sanitization solely depends on the use of effective hand disinfecting agents. Natural formula-based disinfectants can be preferable to chemicals because of higher efficacy and lower adverse effects. Unani medicine is the system based on natural formulations. „Raihan‟ (common sage, Salvia officinalis) is frequently used in Unani medicine for its higher disinfectant role. Common sage extract with ethanol may provide superior efficacy against COVID-19. In this article, we presented information on common sage and its potentiality using with ethanol as a natural, skin-friendly hand sanitizer to prevent harmful action of chemical mixing synthetic sanitizer. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 611-617

scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome for Severe COVID-19 Infections: Premises for the Therapeutic Use

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elia Bari ◽  
Ilaria Ferrarotti ◽  
Laura Saracino ◽  
Sara Perteghella ◽  
Maria Luisa Torre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cell ◽  
Stromal Cell ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
World Population ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

From the end of 2019, the world population has been faced the spread of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 responsible for COVID-19 infection. In approximately 14% of the patients affected by the novel coronavirus, the infection progresses with the development of pneumonia that requires mechanical ventilation. At the moment, there is no specific antiviral treatment recommended for the COVID-19 pandemic and the therapeutic strategies to deal with the infection are only supportive. In our opinion, mesenchymal stem cell secretome could offer a new therapeutic approach in treating COVID-19 pneumonia, due to the broad pharmacological effects it shows, including anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, regenerative, pro-angiogenic and anti-fibrotic properties.

scholarly journals Bayesian Reasoning and Artificial Intelligence against COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Gr. Voskoglou ◽  
Abdel-Badeeh M. Salem
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Case Based Reasoning ◽  
Bayesian Reasoning ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The article focuses on the potential role of Probability Theory and Artificial Intelligence in the battle against the pandemic of COVID-19, which, starting from China on December 2019, has created a chaos in the world economy and the lives of people, causing hundreds of thousands of deaths until now. After discussing the importance of the reproduction number Ro of the viruses, the Bayesian Probabilities are used for measuring the creditability of the diagnostic tests for the novel coronavirus. Artificial Intelligence designs are also described which are used as tools against COVID-19 and a Case-Based Reasoning expert system is proposed for the COVID-19 diagnosis.

scholarly journals Myths: Barriers to Fighting the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olabode Omotoso ◽  
Teibo John ◽  
Gbenga Ojo
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
World Population ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
What Works ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Myths are widely dispersed but false ideologies or misconceptions. With the thousands of deaths recorded daily and the negative toll of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on public health, national economy, and human interaction, it remains surprising how people are still being swayed by conspiracy theories. Due to the novelty of the disease, the quest for an answer, what works, and what does not work gave room for the propagation of misinformation, especially on social media. Identifying and debunking myths is very important in managing disease outbreak, since myths can negatively influence the response of people to preventive and containment strategies. Major proponents of COVID-19 myths have promoted their falsehood on the guise that it is a biological weapon engineered to control the world population. Others have also falsely claimed the use of antibiotics or other antiviral drugs in the treatment of COVID-19 and that COVID-19 is no worse than the common flu or it is just the disease of the elderly. This has promoted refusal to take up the COVID-19 vaccine and increased non-adherence to the preventive guidelines. Myths have been a major stumbling block to curtailing the menace of COVID-19. All hands must be on deck to fight this.

scholarly journals Convalescent plasma therapy for COVID-19: a review of old therapy against new disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1909
Author(s):  
Utshav Chapagain ◽  
Gajendra Prasad Raunair ◽  
Kumud Chapagain ◽  
Rakesh Verma
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Plasma Therapy ◽  
Investigational Treatment ◽  
The World ◽  
To Come ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

Currently, novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a big threat to global health which has revived the potential beneficial effect of ancient convalescent plasma therapy (CPT). This review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and adverse drug reactions associated with convalescent plasma therapy in COVID-19 patients, based on articles available to date. PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane library, and Hinari databases were searched until 15th September 2020. Every country across the globe today is encountered with a virus that has impacted millions of lives today and for generations to come. Nonetheless recommended antiviral drugs and vaccines are not evident and specified for novel coronavirus disease. This is now very well known that scientists and medical experts across the world are vigilant about recommending the use of CPT and call it an investigational treatment that may help in assisting recovery. The World health organization has perpetuated that there is not enough proof that plasma therapy works in treating those fighting the novel coronavirus. Therefore, convalescent plasma therapy is a feasible and immediate option for alleviating the impact of the disease. Comparing the effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy with SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and COVID-19 would help in deriving proper outcomes for COVID-19 infected cases.

scholarly journals International Travel is Not a Significant Risk of Exposure for Patients at a Midwestern United States Travel Clinic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans House ◽  
Pooja Patel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Travel ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Western Pacific

Abstract The Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was introduced into the United States due to travel from Asia and Europe, although the extent of the spread of the disease was limited in the early days of the Pandemic. International travel may have played a role in the transmission of the disease into Iowa. Persons planning international travel likely modified their travel plans as a result of the viral outbreak. This study, documenting the travel destinations of patients from a clinic in Bettendorf, Iowa, seeks to determine how preferences for international travel changed as Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) spread throughout the world and if any of these patients developed COVID-19 as a result of their travel. From October 2019 to March 2020, four hundred twelve (n=412) patients presented for pre-travel advice. Intended travel to the Western Pacific region (China, Japan, Korea, etc.) decreased dramatically during the study period. Of the 412 patients, only three (3) presented for COVID-19 testing during the follow-up period. Two (2) tested positive, and both of these infections were linked to workplace exposures and not due to travel. News of the growing pandemic and travel warnings likely altered patient’s travel plans and fewer intended travel to the most affected regions of the world in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Travel was not a significant source of COVID-19 exposure for patients seen at this clinic.

scholarly journals International travel is not a significant risk of exposure for patients at a Midwestern United States travel clinic

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Patel ◽  
Hans R. House
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Travel ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Western Pacific ◽  
Travel Clinic

AbstractThe Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was introduced into the United States via travel from Asia and Europe, although the extent of the spread of the disease was limited in the early days of the pandemic. Consequently, international travel may have played a role in the transmission of the disease into Iowa. This study seeks to determine how preferences for international travel changed as novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) spread throughout the world and if any of these returning travelers developed COVID-19 as a result of their trips. This is a retrospective chart review of patients presenting to a travel clinic in Bettendorf, Iowa for pre-travel advice and vaccinations. From October 2019 to March 2020, four hundred twelve (n = 412) patients presented to the clinic. Intended travel to the Western Pacific region (China, Japan, Korea, etc.) decreased dramatically during the study period. All 412 patients were followed in the electronic medical record for the period after their planned travel and only three (3) presented for COVID-19 testing. Two (2) tested positive, and both of these infections were linked to workplace exposures and not due to travel. News of the growing pandemic and travel warnings likely altered patients’ travel plans and decreased travel to the most affected regions of the world in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on our study, travel was not a significant source of COVID-19 exposure for patients seen at this clinic.

scholarly journals International Travel is Not a Significant Risk of Exposure for Patients at a Midwestern United States Travel Clinic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Patel ◽  
Hans House
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Travel ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Western Pacific ◽  
Travel Clinic

Abstract The Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was introduced into the United States via travel from Asia and Europe, although the extent of the spread of the disease was limited in the early days of the pandemic. Consequently, international travel may have played a role in the transmission of the disease into Iowa. This study seeks to determine how preferences for international travel changed as novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) spread throughout the world and if any of these returning travelers developed COVID-19 as a result of their trips. This is a retrospective chart review of patients presenting to a travel clinic in Bettendorf, Iowa for pre-travel advice and vaccinations. From October 2019 to March 2020, four hundred twelve (n=412) patients presented to the clinic. Intended travel to the Western Pacific region (China, Japan, Korea, etc.) decreased dramatically during the study period. All 412 patients were followed in the electronic medical record for the period after their planned travel and only three (3) presented for COVID-19 testing. Two (2) tested positive, and both of these infections were linked to workplace exposures and not due to travel. News of the growing pandemic and travel warnings likely altered patients’ travel plans and decreased travel to the most affected regions of the world in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on our study, travel was not a significant source of COVID-19 exposure for patients seen at this clinic.

scholarly journals Modeling Behavioural Evolution as Social Predictor for the Coronavirus Contagion and Immunization in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-144
Author(s):  
Arnold Adimabua Ojugo ◽  
Andrew Okonji Eboka
Keyword(s):  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
World Population ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Death Toll ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus (covid-19) pandemic from China in 2019, it has left the world leaders in great confusing due to its fast-paced propagation and spread that has left infected a world population of over Eleven Million persons with over five hundred and thirty four thousand deaths and counting with the United States of America, Brazil, Russia, India and Peru in the lead on these death toll. The pandemic whose increased mortality rate is targeted at ‘aged’ citizens, patients with low immunology as well as patients with chronic diseases and underlying health conditions. Study models covid-19 pandemic via a susceptible-infect-remove actor-based graph, with covid-19 virus as the innovation diffused within the social graph. We measure the rich connective patterns of the actor-based graph, and explore personal feats as they influence other nodes to adopt or reject an innovation. Results shows current triggers (lifting of inter-intra state migration bans) and shocks (exposure to covid-19 by migrants) will lead to late widespread majority adoption of 23.8-percent. At this, the death toll will climb from between 4.43-to-5.61-percent to over 12%.

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