scholarly journals DEMOCRATIC DECENTRALIZATION AND DEVOLUTION OF POWERS AT THE GRASSROOTS LEVEL DEMOCRACY: ISSUES CHALLENGES AND IMPLICATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 947-951
Author(s):  
L. Thirupathi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Constitutional Amendment ◽  
Great Expectation ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Democratic Decentralization ◽  
Grassroots Level ◽  
Panchayati Raj

This article attempts to evaluate the Grassroots democracy and the problems which are associated with the ineffective functioning of Panchayati Raj Institutions. It argues that how constitutional provision has created a scope for accomplishing development with social justice, which is the mandate of the new Panchayat Raj system. The new system brings all those who are interested to have a voice in decision making through their participation in Panchayat Raj Institutions. How it becomes the Panchayati Raj system is the basis for the Social Justice and Empowerment of the weaker section on which the development initiative has to be built upon for achieving overall, human welfare of the society. My research paper also analyses the working status and various issues and challenges of PRIs for 26 years after the 73rd constitutional amendment establishment of panchayats and municipalities as elected local governments devolved a range of powers and responsibilities and made them accountable to the people for their implementation, very little and actual progress has been made in this direction. Local governments remain hamstrung and ineffective mere agents to do the bidding of higher-level governments. Democracy has not been enhanced despite about 32 lakh peoples representatives being elected to them every five years, with great expectation and fanfare. My study would explore the grey areas such as lack of adequate funds, domination of bureaucracy, untimely elections, lack of autonomy, the interference of area MPS and MLAs in the functioning of panchayats also adversely affected their performance.

Democratic Decentralizaton and Socio-Political Inclusion of Marginalized Communities: A Study of Musahar Community in Madhubani District of Bihar, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 2455328X2110424
Author(s):  
Ashish Jha
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Constitutional Amendment ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
Democratic Decentralization ◽  
Political Inclusion ◽  
Bihar State ◽  
Panchayati Raj

Democratic decentralization is the process of devolving the state’s roles and resources from the centre to the lower-level elected officials to encourage greater direct participation of people in governance. The 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act (1993), which gave the constitutional mandate to the Panchayati Raj Institutions in India, is considered as an opportunity for historically marginalized groups like women, Dalits (Scheduled Caste) and others to actively engage in the grassroot governance as members of local government institutions. Further, gram panchayats have been mandated for formulating their own annual development plan for economic development and social justice in their area. Although in these 25 years, since the enactment of the Act, various measures have been introduced through Panchayati Raj Institutions for increasing people’s participation and effective implementation of developmental programmes, but there is a little or no evidences—either the theoretical or the empirical, which can give a hint on its performance on social and political inclusion of marginalized communities. Against this backdrop, this empirical research paper attempts to explore the linkages between the democratic decentralization and socio-political inclusion of marginalized, by focussing on the Musahar community in Bihar state of India, using primary data collected from the field. The researchers argue that decentralization has ameliorated the social inclusion to some extent but shows very dismal rate of political inclusion of the Musahar Community.

scholarly journals The State of Local Government and Service Delivery in Nigeria: Challenges and Prospects

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Aderonke Majekodunmi
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Grassroots Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Effective Service

Local government creates an appropriate and conduciveenvironment for the people at the local level through efficient and effective service delivery. The value of localgovernment in a country is inestimable because it is an indispensable arm of government. As a result, the link between the qualities of service that citizens enjoy is very significant. The article examines local government and effective service delivery with special reference to Nigerianlocal governments. It notes that Local government is the closest government<br />to the people at the grassroots level,so it is expected to play significant  roles in providing the social services for the people in order to improve their standard of living. But in Nigeria, the impact of local government is so far limited, especially with regard to improving service delivery. The article observes that  despite the strategic importance of local government to the development process through effective service delivery, there has not been much development in most local governments in Nigeria. The article recommends that  local governments in Nigeria need adequate autonomy that can facilitate their operations and development of the localities through effective service delivery.

scholarly journals Riservation Policy: Sources for Achieving the Social Justice in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. p424
Author(s):  
Shiw Balak Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Supreme Court Of India ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Form Of Government ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Scheduled Castes ◽  
The Third World

In a democratic form of Government all citizens of the country are equal before the law of land. There is no scope of differences in any stage of life between them. Although natural discrimination may be possible, but politically and legally all should be equal. Discrimination on one or more of these factors became normal feathers particular in the third world countries of Africa and Asia. Really this social discrimination reflects in political rights and economic opportunities of the people so that the question of social justice became very important.In India, there has been so many social, economic and educational discrimination among the people from the very beginning. Weaker sections of the people have been deprived their rights. They are living like animal even today. So, Framers of the constitution of India include the provisions of reservation in the constitution of some posts of Government services to Scheduled Caste, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes for their upliftment. Actually, these reservation policies were implemented for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes only at the time of implementation of the constitution. After very long time, the then prime minister Late V.P. Singh had implemented 27 percent reservation to other backward classes for gaining of Social Justice. But due to conspiracy and the upper castes the conditions of reamy layer were imposed by the supreme court of India. Thus this paper will disclose all secrets in this countex.

scholarly journals WOMEN EMPOWERMENT THROUGH PANCHAYATI RAJ INSTITUTIONS IN EAST SIANG DISTRICT OF ARUNACHAL PRADESH

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Minbi Kaye
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Constitutional Amendment ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Arunachal Pradesh ◽  
North East ◽  
Tribal Women ◽  
Grassroots Level ◽  
Panchayati Raj

The introduction of Panchayati Raj Institution in 1969 in the then, North East Frontier Agency (NEFA) and present Arunachal Pradesh brought landmark changes in the outlook of tribal society especially towards its women. The introduction of modern democratic institutions in grassroots level legally empowered the tribal women to participate in rd the decision-making process of the society. This was further boosted by 73 Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 that reserved thirty three percent of the seats in Panchayat Institutions for the women. This really helped and empowered the women. Accordingly women are also elected as the member of PRIs. But it is often found that the rural tribal women lack in decision-making in various aspects whether it is social, economic, political or family matters and hence are dictated by their male counterparts.

scholarly journals The People Demand Social Justice: The Social Protest in Israel as an Agoral Gathering

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-45
Author(s):  
Leehu Zysberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Social Protest ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Theories ◽  
Crowd Psychology

Abstract The summer of 2011 has seen the first mass-scale social protest in Israel in its 70 years of existence. This social wave that shook the country, showed unique characteristics a-typical of most social and political uprisings, that go largely unexplained by social theories of social change and crowd psychology. In this article I am analyzing published reports of the social protest of 2011, and draw the analogy with the concept of ‘Agoral Gathering’ that may account for these events and support discussion of their aftermath.

scholarly journals Criminal Customary Of Baduy Society

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-175
Author(s):  
Endah Lestari Dwirokhmeiti ◽  
Woro Winandi ◽  
Shinta Ayu Purnamawati
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Indigenous Culture ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Rules Set

The existence of Baduy community in Lebak Regency is classified into 3 (three) groups, namely: a. Inner Baduy (Urang Kanekes); b. Outer Baduy (Urang Panamping); c. Baduy Dangka. In general, it can be described that the first group called the Baduy Dalam (Urang Kanekes) community is a society that obeys the entire rules or rules set by Pu'un (Kepala Adat). Baduy Dalam community lives in 3 (three) villages of Cibeo, Cikartawana, and Cikeusik. Related to the custom law in Baduy Dalam, for its adherents there is the enforcement of customary law, that is with the enforcement of customary criminal law for the offenders are subject to strict sanctions.One is the customary criminal society Baduy Dalam which provides social crime penalties for the community Banduy In violation of customary law. Philosophically Social work penalty is in harmony with the fifth principle of Pancasila, which is social justice for all the people of Indonesia, in which the value of hard work is included. In carrying out the social work crime, the convicted person is required to work hard in serving the crime. Social work crime is the "indigenous culture" of the Indonesian nation, because in Indonesian customary law is not known criminal deprivation of independence, namely imprisonment and imprisonment. The conformity of values adopted by the Indonesian nation with the values of social work crime is a driving force in the successful implementation of social work crime.

scholarly journals Criminal Customary Of Baduy Society

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Woro Winandi ◽  
Endah Lestari Dwirokhmeiti ◽  
Shinta Ayu Purnamawati
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Indigenous Culture ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Rules Set

The existence of Baduy community in Lebak Regency is classified into 3 (three) groups, namely: a. Inner Baduy (Urang Kanekes); b. Outer Baduy (Urang Panamping); c. Baduy Dangka. In general, it can be described that the first group called the Baduy Dalam (Urang Kanekes) community is a society that obeys the entire rules or rules set by Pu'un (Kepala Adat). Baduy Dalam community lives in 3 (three) villages of Cibeo, Cikartawana, and Cikeusik. Related to the custom law in Baduy Dalam, for its adherents there is the enforcement of customary law, that is with the enforcement of customary criminal law for the offenders are subject to strict sanctions.One is the customary criminal society Baduy Dalam which provides social crime penalties for the community Banduy In violation of customary law. Philosophically Social work penalty is in harmony with the fifth principle of Pancasila, which is social justice for all the people of Indonesia, in which the value of hard work is included. In carrying out the social work crime, the convicted person is required to work hard in serving the crime. Social work crime is the "indigenous culture" of the Indonesian nation, because in Indonesian customary law is not known criminal deprivation of independence, namely imprisonment and imprisonment. The conformity of values adopted by the Indonesian nation with the values of social work crime is a driving force in the successful implementation of social work crime.

scholarly journals A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE ON SOCIAL JUSTICE AS THE RULE OF LAW

2019 ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
Sergey N. Smolnikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
The United States ◽  
The West ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Just Society ◽  
Historical Moment

The article considers the place of social justice in modern law. Various aspects are noted: its relationship with the social state, legal state, civilizational particularities, historical features. The question of the significance of choice between the legality and legitimacy of power as a factor in the establishment of social justice is considered. The article raises the issue of the subject-object essence of social justice. It provides a comparison of two approaches to social justice in modern Russia — liberal and conservative, and notes the contradictory nature of both. Attention is drawn to the role of elites, the intelligentsia and the people in the embodiment of the liberal project. The author reveals the historical and civilizational prerequisites for the conservative project domination, its being in demand on the part of both the authorities and significant segments of the population, and its correspondence to the historical moment. The similarity of the conservative response to the challenges facing the society in the United States, Japan, Britain and Russia is substantiated. A sociological comparison of positions on the issues of law as social justice in the West and in Russia is given. There is an increasing divergence in understanding social justice both in the countries of the West (destruction of the social contract, welfare state) and between the West and the rest of the world. The theme of justice is increasingly playing a role in causing mutual claims rather than in stabilizing and maintaining international and civil peace. The paper considers attempts to create domestic models of a just society. Social justice is regarded as a projective concept and presupposes the existence of models of the expected and ideal future of society. The world trend towards change in the ideas of the subject of law and of the paradigm shift from liberalism to transhumanism is noted. It is argued that it is impossible to identify law with social justice.

scholarly journals Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar’s Views on Social Justice: An Appraisal

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 583-589
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Kumar Bragta
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Indian Constitution ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Opportunities ◽  
Diverse Society

Baba Sahib Bhim Rao Ambedkar views on social justice are the very basis of the Indian Constitution. The social justice means providing equal social opportunities to everyone to develop their personalities, associated with equality and social rights. In every state it becomes important to secure a social order based on justice and creating an equal opportunity available to everyone. Mostly, the people are being treated with discrimination in size, color, caste, religion, race in the society because of they are mostly uneducated and from marginalized sections of the society that creates a social disorder and inequality among them. Hence, the need of the social justice is an inevitable and is the only weapon to prosper the people towards their active participation in the development and mainstream of the society. However, it becomes important to establish an egalitarian social, economic and political order in diverse society like India. It’s in this backdrop the article tries to explore the concept of social justice and Ambedkar view on it. How far Ambedkar’s reflection is visible in Indian Constitution and its relevance in the present times.

JOHN STUART MILL AND THE IRISH LAND QUESTION: AN ILLUSTRATION OF HIS VIEW ON SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-60
Author(s):  
Laura Valladão de Mattos
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
John Stuart Mill ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Economic Productivity ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Suitable Form ◽  
Land Question

John Stuart Mill’s involvement with the Land Question in Ireland is analyzed from the viewpoint of his theory of institutions. I argue that, for Mill, institutions should promote progress without endangering social order. When referring to economic institutions, “progress” meant, essentially, human improvement, a rise in economic productivity, and the increase of social justice. According to Mill, the cottier system did not fulfill any of these requisites and should be abandoned. Mill also rejected transposing to Ireland the “English model” of capitalist agriculture. This institution could eventually solve the economic problem but involved the unjust eviction of tenants and would not regenerate the Irish character. Given the particularities of Ireland, Mill endorsed peasant property as the most suitable form of land appropriation. It would, at the same time, improve the character of the people, enhance productivity, and increase the social justice of the system. It would also mitigate the conflicts that jeopardized social order.

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