scholarly journals Phytomass accumulation and mineral composition of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) under salt stress and phosphate fertilization

2019 ◽  
pp. 1149-1154
Author(s):  
Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá ◽  
Miguel Ferreira Neto ◽  
Yuri Bezerra de Lima ◽  
Emanoela Pereira de Paiva ◽  
Ana Cláudia da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Sodium Accumulation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of irrigation with saline water and phosphate fertilization on phytomass accumulation and tissue mineral composition of cowpea shoots. The research was carried out in a greenhouse utilizing randomized block design in a 5 x 3 factorial scheme consisting of five levels salinity of irrigation water (0.5 as control, 1.5, 2.5 3.5 and 4.5 dS m-1) and three doses of P2O5- (60, 100 and 140% from a recommended dose of 60 kg P2O5- ha-1), with 5 replicates. The plants were grown in pots up to flowering and then phytomass accumulation and mineral composition of cowpea (indicate cultivar name) shoot were measured. Irrigation with saline water from 0.8 dS m-1 reduced phytomass accumulation and mineral composition of cowpea plants, making the plants to be considered moderately tolerant up to EC 2.5 dS m-1. The 40% increase in recommended phosphorus dose promotes high iron and copper accumulations and, less sodium accumulation into tissues of cowpea shoot as influenced by saline stress. 60% reduction of the recommended dose of phosphate fertilizer increased the manganese and zinc accumulation of tissues of cowpea shoot under salt stress.

scholarly journals Morphophysiology of Tahiti lime grafted onto Sunki mandarin hybrids under salt stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 598-606
Author(s):  
Luderlândio A. Silva ◽  
Marcos E. B. Brito ◽  
Pedro D. Fernandes ◽  
Francisco V. da S. Sá ◽  
Rômulo C. L. Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Rangpur Lime ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
One Year

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the growth and physiology of citrus scion/rootstock combinations irrigated with saline water until the pre-flowering stage. The experiment was conducted in drainage lysimeters with capacity for 150 dm3, in randomized block design in a 2 x 10 factorial scheme, corresponding to two electrical conductivities of water (S1 = 0.3 and S2 = 3.0 dS m-1) and ten scion/rootstock combinations (nine hybrids and one commercial variety) grafted with Tahiti lime, in three repetitions and one plant per plot. Grafted seedlings were transplanted one year after sowing, subjected to salt stress from 15 days after transplanting until the pre-flowering period, and evaluated for gas exchanges and growth. The irrigation with 3.0 dS m-1 saline water did not influence the photosynthetic activity of the studied citrus scion/rootstock combinations until the pre-flowering. The genotype Santa Cruz Rangpur lime (LCRSTC) was more sensitive to irrigation water salinity in terms of growth. The least sensitive combinations to salinity were Tahiti lime grafted onto TSKFL x (LCR x TR) - 018, TSKFL x TRBK - 011 and TSKFL x TRBK - 30.

scholarly journals Plant development, gas exchanges and pigments of Mesosphaerum suaveolens submitted to osmoconditioning and saline stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Romário Andrade Figueiredo ◽  
Jackson Silva Nóbrega ◽  
Reynaldo Teodoro de Fátima ◽  
Toshik Iarley da Silva ◽  
Rodrigo Garcia da Silva Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Chlorophyll Pigments ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Dry Biomass

Salinity is one of the main plant abiotic stresses which affects the establishment and development crops. Hence, the search for technologies that minimize the damage caused by salinity is essential. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of salinity stress and osmotic conditioning of seeds on the biomass, gas exchanges and chlorophyll pigments in Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze. The statistical design adopted was a randomized block design, combined according to the Central Composite Design, referring to electrical conductivities of irrigation water and osmotic potentials, with minimum (- α) and maximum (α) values of 0.5 and 10.0 dS m-1 and 0.0 and -1.0 MPa, respectively, totaling nine combinations. The characteristics of dry biomass, gas exchange and chlorophyll indices were evaluated at 45 days after irrigation with saline water started. The salinity of irrigation water severely affected the dry biomass and the gas exchanges of M. suaveolens. Irrigation water of electrical conductivity above 3.2 dS m-1 caused reductions in chlorophyll a, b and total contents in M. suaveolens plants. Seed osmoconditioning did not attenuate the negative effects of saline stress on M. suaveolens plants.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic performance in Eucalyptus clones cultivated in saline soil

2019 ◽  
pp. 368
Author(s):  
Jailma Ribeiro de Andrade ◽  
Sebastião de Oliveira Maia Júnior ◽  
Andrea Francisca da Silva Santos ◽  
Vicente Mota da Silva ◽  
L.T. Bezerra, J.R.R. da Silva, C.M. Santos, V.M. Ferreira, L. Endres
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency Of Psii ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The aim of this study was to evaluate the photosynthetic performance of Eucalyptus clones with the aim of identifying their tolerance to soil saline stress conditions. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with a 3 × 4 factorial arrangement: in five replications, totaling 60 plots, three Eucalyptus clones were used, VC865, I224, and I144, which were exposed to four concentrations of NaCl (0, 1, 2 and 3 g NaCl kg-1 of soil). Clone I144 shows mechanisms of salinity tolerance as smaller reductions in the stomatal conductance, transpiration, photosynthesis, photochemical efficiency of PSII, photosynthetic pigment content and total dry mass. On the other hand, clone I224 presents greater physiological damage, indicating high susceptibility to salt stress, while VC865 shows moderate sensitivity to salinity. Variables related to photosynthetic performance, such as gas exchange, photochemical efficiency of PSII and photosynthetic pigments are potentially reliable physiological indicators for selecting of tolerant Eucalyptus clones to salt stress.

scholarly journals Multivariate classification of cotton cultivars tolerant to salt stress

2022 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 266-273
Author(s):  
Aline D. A. de L. Marcelino ◽  
Pedro D. Fernandes ◽  
Jean P. C. Ramos ◽  
Wellison F. Dutra ◽  
José J. V. Cavalcanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Multivariate Methods ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Conductance Data ◽  
Cotton Genotypes ◽  
Univariate Analyses

ABSTRACT Two multivariate methods were adopted to classify salt-tolerant cotton genotypes based on their growth and physiological traits. The genotypes were cultivated in a greenhouse and subjected to 45 days of irrigation with saline water from the V4 phase onwards. Irrigation was performed with saline water with electrical conductivity (ECw) of 6.0 dS m-1. A factorial-randomized block design was adopted with nine cultivars, two treatments of ECw (0.6 as the control, and 6.0 dS m-1), and four replicates. Plants were evaluated for growth, gas exchange, and photosynthesis. The data were statistically analyzed using univariate and multivariate methods. For the latter, non-hierarchical (principal component, PC) and hierarchical (UPGMA) models were used for the classification of cultivars. Significant differences were found between cultivars based on univariate analyses, and the traits that differed statistically were used for multivariate analyses. Four groups were identified with the same composition in both the PC and UPGMA methods. Among them, one contained the cultivars BRS Seridó, BRS 286, FMT 705, and BRS Rubi, which were tolerant to salt stress imposed on the plants. Photosynthesis, transpiration, and stomatal conductance data were the main contributors to the classification of cultivars using the principal component method.

scholarly journals Physiological indices and growth of ‘Gigante Amarelo’ passion fruit under salt stress and silicate fertilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 814-821
Author(s):  
Genilson L. Diniz ◽  
Reginaldo G. Nobre ◽  
Geovani S. de Lima ◽  
Leandro de P. Souza ◽  
Hans R. Gheyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Physiological Indices ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Fruit Plants

ABSTRACT Abiotic stresses are responsible for the loss of agricultural production in different regions, especially in semiarid regions, which have long periods of drought and high evapotranspiration, leading to the use of saline water as an alternative for the expansion of irrigated areas. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the physiological indices and the growth of the ‘Gigante Amarelo’ passion fruit as a function of the salinity of irrigation water and fertilization with silicon. A randomized block design was used in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, whose treatments consisted of five electrical conductivities of irrigation water - ECw (0.3; 1.0; 1.7, 2.4 and 3.1 dS m-1) associated with two doses of silicion (150 and 300 g of silicon plant-1) with four repetitions. Salt stress causes changes in gas exchange, chlorophyll a and b synthesis and growth of ‘Gigante Amarelo’ passion fruit plants, 60 days after transplanting. Fertilization with silicon dose of 300 g plant-1 promotes increments in CO2 assimilation rate and instantaneous water use efficiency, being able to mitigate the deleterious effects of salinity. Passion fruit plants fertilized with silicon dose of 300 g plant-1 attained greater growth in stem diameter and relative growth rate in stem diameter, from 30 to 60 days after transplanting.

scholarly journals Calcium in the mineral nutrition of yellow passion fruit cultivated in lined pits and with saline water

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-263
Author(s):  
Marlene A. F. Bezerra ◽  
Lourival F. Cavalcante ◽  
Francisco T. C. Bezerra ◽  
Walter E. Pereira ◽  
Flaviano F. de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Full Flowering ◽  
Calcium Fertilization ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

ABSTRACT Nutritional status is an important tool in salinity management, because salt stress interferes with both the absorption and the assimilation of mineral nutrients by plants. The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the effects of water salinity, lateral protection of pits against water losses and calcium doses on the leaf concentration of macronutrients and sodium of yellow passion fruit cv. BRS GA1. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design in split plots in a 2 × (2 × 5) factorial scheme, corresponding to water salinity (0.3 and 4.0 dS m-1) in the main plot, and the combinations between lateral protection of pits (without and with) and calcium doses (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1) in the subplots. Leaf concentrations of macronutrients and sodium were determined at the phenological stage of full flowering. Irrigation of yellow passion fruit with 4.0 dS m-1 water decreased the leaf concentrations of macronutrients. The lining of the pits compromised macronutrient concentration in the plants. Calcium fertilization is recommended for yellow passion fruit cultivated in Entisol with low calcium concentration at the dose of 60 kg ha-1, because it raises nitrogen and calcium concentrations in plants irrigated with non-saline water and magnesium and sulfur concentrations in those irrigated with saline water. Calcium attenuates salt stress because it promotes the accumulation of macronutrients in yellow passion fruit under saline conditions.

scholarly journals Fisiologia da percepção do estresse salino em híbridos de tangerineira “Sunki Comum” sob solução hidropônica salinizada

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá ◽  
Marcos Eric Barbosa Brito ◽  
Luderlândio de Andrade Silva ◽  
Romulo Carantino Lucena Moreira ◽  
Pedro Dantas Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Stress Changes

In order to study the physiology of perception of saline stress in ‘Common Sunki’ mandarin hybrids, an experiment was realized in a greenhouse at the CCTA - UFCG, Pombal, PB, Brazil,using using a randomized block design with a 2x4 factorial , with two levels of salinity (0.3 and 4.0 dS m-1) and four ‘Common Sunki’ mandarin hybrids (1 - TSKC x CTARG–019; 2 - TSKC x CTSW–028; 3 - TSKC x CTSW–033 and 4 - TSKC x CTSW-041), with three replications and four plants per plot. The plants were grown hydroponically and 90 days after sowing, a saline water solution was applied on rootstocks and evaluations of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence were carried out 24 and 48 hours after saline stress. Changes on physiologic conditions were observed in the hybrids TSKC x CTSW - 028, TSKC x CTSW - 033 and TSKC x CTSW - 041 during the first 24 hours of saline stress. Fot the hybrid TSKC x CTARG – 019, changes were observed after 48 hours od salinity stress. According to salinity tolerance, the hybrids could be classified as follows: TSKC x CTARG - 019 > TSKC x CTSW - 028 = TSKC x CTSW – 041 > TSKC x CTSW - 033.

scholarly journals Gas exchanges and growth of passion fruit seedlings under salt stress and hydrogen peroxide1

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Alisson Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Geovani Soares de Lima ◽  
Carlos Alberto Vieira de Azevedo ◽  
Hans Raj Gheyi ◽  
Leandro de Pádua Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Gas Exchanges

ABSTRACT The semi-arid region of the Brazilian Northeast has adequate edaphoclimatic conditions for the passion fruit production, but the water used for irrigation commonly has high concentrations of salts that are harmful to the plant growth and development. A previous supply of hydrogen peroxide induces the acclimation of plants under saline stress conditions, reducing deleterious effects on their growth and physiology. This study aimed to evaluate the gas exchanges and growth of passion fruit as a function of irrigation with saline water and exogenous application of hydrogen peroxide. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions, using a randomized block design, in a 4 x 4 factorial arrangement, being four levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity (0.7 dS m-1, 1.4 dS m-1, 2.1 dS m-1 and 2.8 dS m-1) and four hydrogen peroxide concentrations (0 µM, 25 µM, 50 µM and 75 µM), with four replicates and two plants per plot. The hydrogen peroxide application attenuated the deleterious effects of the irrigation water salinity on transpiration, CO2 assimilation rate, internal carbon concentration, plant height and leaf area of yellow passion fruit, at 60 days after sowing, with the concentration of 25 µM being the most efficient. Irrigation using water with electrical conductivity above 0.7 dS m-1 negatively affects the gas exchanges and growth of passion fruit, being the stomatal conductance and leaf area the most sensitive variables to the salt stress.

scholarly journals Gas exchange, growth, and production of mini-watermelon under saline water irrigation and phosphate fertilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 3039-3052
Author(s):  
Geovani Soares de Lima ◽  
◽  
Charles Macedo Félix ◽  
Saulo Soares da Silva ◽  
Lauriane Almeida dos Anjos Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Semi Arid Region

In the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil, due to the occurrence of excess salts, both in the water and soil, plants are constantly exposed to various conditions of abiotic stress. Thus, it is extremely important to identify methods capable of minimizing the effects of salt stress on plants as a way to ensure the expansion of irrigated areas. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the gas exchange, growth, and production of mini-watermelon irrigated with saline waters and fertilized with phosphorus. The experiment was conducted in pots under greenhouse conditions in Pombal, PB, Brazil, using a randomized block design in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme, corresponding to five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water—ECw (0.3, 1.3, 2.3, 3.3, and 4.3 dS m-1), four phosphorus doses— PD (60, 80, 100, and 120% of the recommendation), and with three replicates. Watermelon plants cv. Sugar Baby were sensitive to water salinity greater than 0.3 dS m-1, with more pronounced inhibition of gas exchange, growth, and production. Reduction in the CO2 assimilation rate of watermelon plants cv. Sugar Baby was associated with factors of stomatal and non-stomatal origin. Phosphorous doses corresponding to 73 and 88% of the recommended values promoted an increase in the intercellular CO2 concentration and stem diameter of mini-watermelon plants. P2O5 doses ranging from 60 to 120% of the recommendation did not mitigate the effects of salt stress on the cultivation of watermelon cv. Sugar Baby.

scholarly journals Growth and fluorescence of ‘Tahiti’ acid lime/rootstock on Sunki mandarin hybrids under salinity

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luderlândio de Andrade Silva ◽  
Marcos Eric Barbosa Brito ◽  
Pedro Dantas Fernandes ◽  
Francisco Vaniés da Silva Sá ◽  
Rômulo Carantino Lucena Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Rangpur Lime ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Acid Lime ◽  
One Year ◽  
Drainage Lysimeter

The objective of this study was to evaluate the ecophysiological behavior of ‘Tahiti’ acid lime/rootstock grafted on Sunki mandarin hybrids during the prefloration stage of the plants, in the field, under saline stress. The progenies originating from crossings of the ‘Sunki’ mandarin with ‘Rangpur’ lime and Poncirus trioliata, as rootstocks, combined with the ‘Tahiti’ acid lime as a scion. The experiment was carried out under field conditions, at the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Pombal PB fields. In drainage lysimeter of 150 dm3, studying 10 scion/rootstock combinations, irrigated with two water salinity levels (CEa) (S1 = 0.3 and S2 = 3.0 dS m-1) making a 10 x 2 factorial scheme. The experimental design was a randomized block design, with 3 replicates and each plot consisting of a useful plant, totalizing 60 parcels. The scion/rootstock plants were transplanted at one year of age from the rootstocks sowing, being the beginning of the applications of the saline stress to the 15 days after the transplant lasting until the period of flowering, that is, up to 195 days after transplanting, During this period the plants were analyzed for growth and chlorophyll fluorescence a. The combinations less sensitive to salinity were composed of the ‘Tahiti’ grafted with TSKFL x (LCR x TR) - 018, TSKFL x TRBK - 011 and TSKFL x TRBK - 030, it being possible to use saline water with up to 3.0 dS m-1 in irrigation. Salinity did not damage the biochemical phase of the scion/rootstock combinations, only affecting the initial fluorescence of the lighted tissue.  

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