scholarly journals Cause-and-effect relationship between thyroid and liver diseases

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
A. O. Bueverov ◽  
P. O. Bogomolov ◽  
O. A. Nechayeva ◽  
A. V. Zilov
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Liver Pathology ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Hepatocellular Damage ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorders

Thyroid gland (TG) and the liver are in a complex relationship in both physiological and pathological conditions. Thyroid hormones accelerate metabolic processes, intensify the synthesis of proteins and vitamins, play an important role in the development and differentiation of all cells, including hepatocytes. In addition to the central role in the deiodination of thyroid hormones with the formation of their more active and inactivated forms, the liver also carries out their transport. Dysfunction of TG can lead to changes in liver function, and in liver diseases, abnormalities in the metabolism of thyroid hormones can occur. Most often, liver pathology in diseases of TG is manifested by an increase in the serum activity of enzymes of cytolysis and/or cholestasis. Changes in liver function tests are often observed in patients with thyrotoxicosis. They are based on oxidative stress or cholestasis. The increased activity of osteoblasts in hyperthyroidism leads to an increase in the bone fraction of alkaline phosphatase, which must be taken into account in the differential diagnosis. Hepatotoxicity of thyreostatic drugs is relatively common, ranging from minimal hepatocellular damage to fulminant liver failure. In the case of hypothyroidism, the pathophysiological mechanisms are mainly represented by lipid metabolism disorders leading to fatty degeneration. It should be remembered that severe hypothyroidism can be manifested by hyperammonemia and edematous-ascitic syndrome, requiring differential diagnosis with liver failure. Treatment of liver pathology in TG diseases includes normalization of thyroid status, and in cases of drug hepatitis – temporary withdrawal of a potentially hepatotoxic drug. The data on the association of hypothyroidism and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the aspect of developing new therapies are very interesting.

Anthropometry and Liver Function Parameters in Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 151-163
Author(s):  
Adebowale Emmanuel Aladejana ◽  
Elizabeth Bosede Aladejana
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Altered Liver

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a metabolic condition commonly associated with central adiposity and altered liver function parameters (LFPs). Several studies have suggested these altered LFPs as a result of fatty liver diseases (e.g., non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases) often prevalent in MS. Since altered LFPs are very common in MS, there is a possibility they can be used as predictors of MS. However, only a few studies have been carried out to evaluate this possibility. This study, therefore, aimed to evaluate the potential of LFPs as predictors or risk factors of MS. The study groups included 50 individuals diagnosed with MS (case group) and 50 apparently normal individuals (control) from Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Anthropometric measurements, phlebotomy, liver function tests, and lipid profile estimations were done using standard procedures. (The result and conclusion section has been omitted).

Alpha-1-Antitrypsin in Liver Disease

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Deam ◽  
Keith Byron ◽  
Sujiva Ratnaike
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin

Low alpha-1 -antitrypsin (AAT) levels are known to be associated with liver disease. As AAT is also synthesised in the liver, we investigated whether liver disease itself may result in low AAT levels. AAT was measured in plasma from 100 patients with various liver diseases including hepatitis, cirrhosis, jaundice and liver failure. Twenty-eight patients had increased AAT values (greater than 3·;1 g/L), 70 had normal AAT values (between 1·;5 and 3·;1 g/L) and 2 had decreased AAT levels (< 1·;5 g/L). The 2 patients with low AAT levels were found to be of the PiMZ phenotype. There was no significant correlation between any of the standard ‘liver function tests' and the AAT level. Our findings suggest that in liver disease AAT levels are usually normal or increased. Low levels are uncommon and the possibility of an abnormal AAT phenotype being associated with the liver disease should be examined.

Liver Function Tests and Physiological Features of Liver Failure

2020 ◽  
pp. 241-242
Author(s):  
Peter Kam ◽  
Ian Power ◽  
Michael J. Cousins ◽  
Philip J. Siddal
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Function Tests

scholarly journals Correlation Between Point Shear Wave Elastography and Liver Function Tests as A Predictor of Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1936-1939
Author(s):  
Shahla Mohammed Saeed Rasul ◽  
Ali Khalaf Salim ◽  
Hiwa Abubakr Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Fibrosis Score ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Background: Nowadays, generating shear waves and simulation of the liver tissue is done using point shear-wave elastographic (pSWE) techniques which uess acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI). Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between pSWE and liver function tests (LFTs) to predict liver fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Materials and methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted in an Ultrasound Clinic in Suleymaniya city. The duration of the study was from 1st of November, 2018 to 30th of June, 2019 which conducted on 50 NAFLD patients. After confirming NAFLD diagnosis, the patients were referred to Ultrasound Clinic to go under pSWE test. Results: The data showed that the mean PSWE of NAFLD patient was 4.12±0.87 Kpa; and 18% of them had high PSWE (> 4.6). Elastography fibrosis score was distributed to F0 (82%), F1 (6%), F2 (8%) and F3 (4%). There was a significant association between high APRI and high Aspartate Aminotransferase/Alanine Aminotransferase(AST/ALT) ratio (p=0.04). There was also a highly significant association between elastography fibrosis score and APRI fibrosis score among NAFLD patients (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study showed that the pSWE is a valuable noninvasive diagnostic technique for predicting liver fibrosis among NAFLD patients and there is significant correlation between APRI and pSWE scores. Keywords: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Point shears wave elastography, Liver fibrosis.

Comparison between Endogenous Thrombin Potential (ETP) and INR To Assess Liver Function in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 4015-4015
Author(s):  
Jeoffrey Schouten ◽  
Alain P. Gadisseur ◽  
Sven Franque ◽  
Marc Van der Planken ◽  
Peter Michielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Thrombin Generation ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Prognostic Indicator ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Prognostic Models ◽  
Clear Correlation

Abstract The decreased hepatic synthesis of coagulation factors is a marker of liver failure and a prognostic indicator of survival in cirrhosis. The aPTT and PT/INR are the conventional coagulation tests to measure the haemostatic capacity of the liver. The INR was developed uniquely for use in patients under oral anticoagulation and may not adequately reflect the coagulation changes in liver cirrhosis. However, prognostic models for liver disease include the INR (MELD). New coagulation assessment tests are obviously needed in liver cirrhosis. Recently a test has become available to routinely measure the endogenous thrombin generation potential (ETP). This more physiological test is currently investigated in several haemostatic disorders but not yet in liver failure. The aim of the study is to investigate correlations between ETP performed on the BCS® system (both Dade Behring, Marburg, Germany) and liver function tests, and compared with INR. We analysed 112 patients with liver cirrhosis (73 Child A, 21 Child B, 18 Child C) without known pre-existing coagulation abnormalities. In these patients ETP, APTT, PT/INR and S-cholinesterase were measured and an C14-Aminopyrine breathing test was performed. Both INR and ETP show good correlation with the Child score (P&lt;0.01) as a whole. Looking at the Child score for bilirubin there is a clear correlation with the normalized ETP with 0.84 (CI95 0.81 - 0.88) for Child A, 0.74 (CI95 0.55 - 0.93) for Child B, and 0.67 (CI95 0.60 - 0.75) for Child C (p&lt;0.01). For the presence of ascites there is a correlation with the ETP with 0.86 (CI95 0.82 - 0.89) for Child A, 0.71 (CI95 0.62 - 0.79) for Child B, and 0.69 (CI95 0.59 - 0.80) for Child C (p&lt;0.01). Looking at the albumin level there is a clear correlation with the normalized ETP with 0.83 (CI95 0.79 - 0.86) for Child A patients, 0.72 (CI95 0.57 - 0.88) for Child B, and 0.69 (CI95 0.60 - 0.78) for Child C (p=0.02). In a linear regression model bilirubin (β= −0.319, p&lt;0.01) and ascites (β= −0.233, p=0.06) are the main predictive factor for decreasing thrombin generation. No such clear relationships can be identified for the INR. Both ETP and INR correlate well with S-cholinesterase levels (p&lt;0.01). ETP correlated better with the breathing test than the INR. These results indicate that the integrity of the coagulation decreases in line with deterioration of other liver functions in patients with liver cirrhosis. The seriousness of this decrease in haemostatic capacity is better demonstrated by the ETP than by the INR (currently part of MELD). In the future the ETP may supersede the INR in prognostic classification systems for hepatic failure.

scholarly journals A Patient with Nafcillin-Associated Drug-Induced Liver Failure

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 564-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Rao ◽  
Isaiah Schuster ◽  
Talal Seoud ◽  
Kevin Zarrabi ◽  
Nirvani Goolsarran
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
The United States ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Drug Induced Liver Injury

Nafcillin-induced acute liver injury is a rare and potentially fatal complication that has been known since the 1960s but inadequately studied. At this time, the only proven treatment is early discontinuation of the drug. Because of the high prevalence of nafcillin class antibiotic use in the United States, it is important for clinicians to have a high clinical suspicion for this diagnosis. We present a case of liver failure attributable to nafcillin use in a 68-year-old male with a history methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus and L3/L4 osteomyelitis. After starting long-term antibiotic therapy, he presented with painless jaundice which necessitated discontinuation of the drug. At the time of presentation, the patient’s lab work exhibited a bilirubin/direct bilirubin of 9.4/8.2 mg/dL, alkaline phosphatase of 311 IU/L, and aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase of 109/127 IU/L. The patient was switched to i.v. vancomycin given the concern for drug-induced liver injury. Imaging did not show obstruction of the hepatobiliary or pancreaticobiliary trees. Serology was unremarkable for viral etiology, autoimmune processes, Wilson disease, and hemochromatosis. A liver biopsy showed findings consistent with drug-induced liver injury. The patient’s liver function tests peaked at day 7 of admission and trended towards normal levels with cessation of nafcillin therapy. The patient was discharged with a diagnosis of nafcillin-induced acute liver injury. Our case highlights the importance of early recognition of the diagnosis and careful monitoring of liver function when nafcillin is employed in the clinical setting.

Hepatic disorders

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Waldmann ◽  
Neil Soni ◽  
Andrew Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Abnormal Liver Function ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Bile Pigments ◽  
Chronic Liver Failure

Jaundice 348Acute liver failure 350Hepatic encephalopathy 352Chronic liver failure 354Abnormal liver function tests 356Jaundice (icterus) is the accumulation of bile pigments in serum and tissues including sclerae and skin. Jaundice is usually clinically detectable once serum bilirubin exceeds 50...

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