scholarly journals Machine Learning based sampling of X-Ray images for a computer-aided detection of Tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Ferreira ◽  
Philipp Gaspar ◽  
Lukas Müller Oliveira ◽  
Rodrigo Torres ◽  
Micael Veríssimo Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Topological Analysis ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Computer Aided Detection ◽  
Tuberculosis Screening ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Screening Platform

Computer Aided Detection software relies on an annotated data set of X-rays to be developed. The annotation task requires extensive know-how and it is very time-consuming. This work presents a sampling method to select the most relevant images which will be annotated for the development of Tuberculosis screening platform based on machine learning algorithms. The sampling task optimizes the annotation process by reducing the number of images to be analyzed without compromising the diversity and the significance power of the images in the dataset. In this context, the image relevance is based on similarity and dissimilarity measurements. The experiment consisted in a deep learning feature engineering step, followed by topological analysis based on Self-Organizing Map and K-Means.

scholarly journals A brief comparative study of the potentialities and limitations of machine-learning algorithms and statistical techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Li Eckart ◽  
Sven Eckart ◽  
Margit Enke
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

Machine learning is a popular way to find patterns and relationships in high complex datasets. With the nowadays advancements in storage and computational capabilities, some machine-learning techniques are becoming suitable for real-world applications. The aim of this work is to conduct a comparative analysis of machine learning algorithms and conventional statistical techniques. These methods have long been used for clustering large amounts of data and extracting knowledge in a wide variety of science fields. However, the central knowledge of the different methods and their specific requirements for the data set, as well as the limitations of the individual methods, are an obstacle for the correct use of these methods. New machine learning algorithms could be integrated even more strongly into the current evaluation if the right choice of methods were easier to make. In the present work, some different algorithms of machine learning are listed. Four methods (artificial neural network, regression method, self-organizing map, k-means al-algorithm) are compared in detail and possible selection criteria are pointed out. Finally, an estimation of the fields of work and application and possible limitations are provided, which should help to make choices for specific interdisciplinary analyses.

Swarm Intelligence Optimization: An Exploration and Application of Machine Learning Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 460-469
Author(s):  
Yinying Cai ◽  
Amit Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Swarm Intelligence ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Rice Pests ◽  
Machine Leaning ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
Swarm Intelligence Optimization

Abstract In the agriculture development and growth, the efficient machinery and equipment plays an important role. Various research studies are involved in the implementation of the research and patents to aid the smart agriculture and authors and reviewers that machine leaning technologies are providing the best support for this growth. To explore machine learning technology and machine learning algorithms, the most of the applications are studied based on the swarm intelligence optimization. An optimized V3CFOA-RF model is built through V3CFOA. The algorithm is tested in the data set collected concerning rice pests, later analyzed and compared in detail with other existing algorithms. The research result shows that the model and algorithm proposed are not only more accurate in recognition and prediction, but also solve the time lagging problem to a degree. The model and algorithm helped realize a higher accuracy in crop pest prediction, which ensures a more stable and higher output of rice. Thus they can be employed as an important decision-making instrument in the agricultural production sector.

scholarly journals Birds Sound Classification Based on Machine Learning Algorithms

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Aska E. Mehyadin ◽  
Adnan Mohsin Abdulazeez ◽  
Dathar Abas Hasan ◽  
Jwan N. Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Noise Suppression ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Species Classification ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Sound Classification ◽  
Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient

The bird classifier is a system that is equipped with an area machine learning technology and uses a machine learning method to store and classify bird calls. Bird species can be known by recording only the sound of the bird, which will make it easier for the system to manage. The system also provides species classification resources to allow automated species detection from observations that can teach a machine how to recognize whether or classify the species. Non-undesirable noises are filtered out of and sorted into data sets, where each sound is run via a noise suppression filter and a separate classification procedure so that the most useful data set can be easily processed. Mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) is used and tested through different algorithms, namely Naïve Bayes, J4.8 and Multilayer perceptron (MLP), to classify bird species. J4.8 has the highest accuracy (78.40%) and is the best. Accuracy and elapsed time are (39.4 seconds).

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS FOR PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Jakub Gęca
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Predictive Maintenance ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Reduction Techniques ◽  
Machine Reliability ◽  
Dimensionality Reduction Techniques

The consequences of failures and unscheduled maintenance are the reasons why engineers have been trying to increase the reliability of industrial equipment for years. In modern solutions, predictive maintenance is a frequently used method. It allows to forecast failures and alert about their possibility. This paper presents a summary of the machine learning algorithms that can be used in predictive maintenance and comparison of their performance. The analysis was made on the basis of data set from Microsoft Azure AI Gallery. The paper presents a comprehensive approach to the issue including feature engineering, preprocessing, dimensionality reduction techniques, as well as tuning of model parameters in order to obtain the highest possible performance. The conducted research allowed to conclude that in the analysed case , the best algorithm achieved 99.92% accuracy out of over 122 thousand test data records. In conclusion, predictive maintenance based on machine learning represents the future of machine reliability in industry.

scholarly journals Survey on machine learning algorithms for liver disease diagnosis and prediction

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1.8) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Kiran Kumar ◽  
M Sreedevi ◽  
Y C. A. Padmanabha Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Computer Aided Diagnosis ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Diagnosis

Machine learning plays a vital role in health care industry. It is very important in Computer Aided Diagnosis. Computer Aided Diagnosis is a quickly developing dynamic region of research in medicinal industry. The current specialists in machine learning guarantee the enhanced precision of discernment and analysis of diseases. The computers are empowered to think by creating knowledge by learning. This procedure enables the computers to self-learn individually without being explicitly programed by the programmer .There are numerous sorts of Machine Learning Techniques and which are utilized to classify the data sets. They are Supervised, Unsupervised and Semi-Supervised, Reinforcement, deep learning algorithms. The principle point of this paper is to give comparative analysis of supervised learning algorithms in medicinal area and few of the techniques utilized as a part of liver disease prediction.

scholarly journals Computer-Aided System Application Value for Assessing Hip Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoxian Jiang ◽  
Guangyao Yang ◽  
Yuan Liang ◽  
Qin Shi ◽  
Boqi Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Computer Aided Detection ◽  
Sharp Angle ◽  
Center Edge ◽  
Computer Aided

PurposeA computer-aided system was used to semiautomatically measure Tönnis angle, Sharp angle, and center-edge (CE) angle using contours of the hip bones to establish an auxiliary measurement model for developmental screening or diagnosis of hip joint disorders.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed bilateral hip x-rays for 124 patients (41 men and 83 women aged 20–70 years) who presented at the Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University in 2017 and 2018. All images were imported into a computer-aided detection system. After manually outlining hip bone contours, Tönnis angle, Sharp angle, and CE angle marker lines were automatically extracted, and the angles were measured and recorded. An imaging physician also manually measured all angles and recorded hip development, and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to compare computer-aided system measurements with imaging physician measurements. Accuracy for different angles was calculated, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was used to represent the diagnostic efficiency of the computer-aided system.ResultsFor Tönnis angle, Sharp angle, and CE angle, correlation coefficients were 0.902, 0.887, and 0.902, respectively; the accuracies of the computer-aided detection system were 89.1, 93.1, and 82.3%; and the AUROC curve values were 0.940, 0.956, and 0.948.ConclusionThe measurements of Tönnis angle, Sharp angle, and CE angle using the semiautomatic system were highly correlated with the measurements of the imaging physician and can be used to assess hip joint development with high accuracy and diagnostic efficiency.

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Risk Stratification of Hypertension: A Systematic Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Giovanna Sannino ◽  
Ivanoe De Falco ◽  
Giuseppe De Pietro
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Learning Mechanisms ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Blood Pressure Estimation

One of the most important physiological parameters of the cardiovascular circulatory system is Blood Pressure. Several diseases are related to long-term abnormal blood pressure, i.e., hypertension; therefore, the early detection and assessment of this condition are crucial. The identification of hypertension, and, even more the evaluation of its risk stratification, by using wearable monitoring devices are now more realistic thanks to the advancements in Internet of Things, the improvements of digital sensors that are becoming more and more miniaturized, and the development of new signal processing and machine learning algorithms. In this scenario, a suitable biomedical signal is represented by the PhotoPlethysmoGraphy (PPG) signal. It can be acquired by using a simple, cheap, and wearable device, and can be used to evaluate several aspects of the cardiovascular system, e.g., the detection of abnormal heart rate, respiration rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and so on. In this paper, we take into account the Cuff-Less Blood Pressure Estimation Data Set that contains, among others, PPG signals coming from a set of subjects, as well as the Blood Pressure values of the latter that is the hypertension level. Our aim is to investigate whether or not machine learning methods applied to these PPG signals can provide better results for the non-invasive classification and evaluation of subjects’ hypertension levels. To this aim, we have availed ourselves of a wide set of machine learning algorithms, based on different learning mechanisms, and have compared their results in terms of the effectiveness of the classification obtained.

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