Determination of Total Xylanase Activities of Various Thermophilic Bacteria

AbstractA number of thermophilic bacteria capable of utilizing naphthalene as a sole source of carbon were isolated from a high-temperature oilfield in Lithuania. These isolates were able to utilize several other aromatic compounds, such as anthracene, benzene, phenol, benzene-1, 3-diol, protocatechuic acid as well. Thermophilic isolate G27 ascribed to Geobacillus genus was found to have a high aromatic compound degrading capacity. Spectrophotometric determination of enzyme activities in cell-free extracts revealed that the last aromatic ring fission enzyme in naphthalene biotransformation by Geobacillus sp. G27 was inducible via protocatechuate 3, 4-dioxygenase; no protocatechuate 4, 5-dioxygenase, protocatechuate 2, 3-dioxygenase activities were detected. Intermediates such as o-phthalic and protocatechuic acids detected in culture supernatant confirmed that the metabolism of naphthalene by Geobacillus sp. G27 can proceed through protocatechuic acid via ortho-cleavage pathway and thus differs from the pathways known for mesophilic bacteria.

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Screening and characterization of thermo-active enzymes of biotechnological interest produced by thermophilic Bacillus isolated from hot springs in Tunisia

Acta Biochimica Polonica ◽

10.18388/abp.2016_1271 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 63 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Wajdi Thebti ◽

Yosra Riahi ◽

Rawand Gharsalli ◽

Omrane Belhadj

Keyword(s):

Thermal Water ◽

Hot Springs ◽

Thermophilic Bacteria ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Thermostable Enzymes ◽

Thermophilic Bacillus ◽

Enzyme Substrates ◽

First Time

As part of the contribution to the global efforts in research of thermostable enzymes being of industrial interest, we focus on the isolation of thermophilic bacteria from Tunisian hot springs. Among the collection of 161 strains of thermophilic Bacillus isolated from different samples of thermal water in Tunisia, 20% are capable of growing at 100°C and the rest grow at 70°C or above. Preliminary activity tests on media supplemented with enzyme-substrates confirmed that 35 strains produced amylases, 37 - proteases, 43 - cellulases, 31 - xylanases and 37 - mannanases. The study of the effect of temperature on enzyme activity led to determination of the optimal temperatures of activities that vary between 60 and 100°C. Several enzymes were active at high temperatures (80, 90 and 100°C) and kept their activity even at 110°C. Several isolated strains producing enzymes with high optimal temperatures of activity were described for the first time in this study. Both strains B62 and B120 are producers of amylase, protease, cellulase, xylanase, and mannanase. The sequencing of 16S DNA identified isolated strains as Geobacillus kaustophillus, Aeribacillus pallidus, Geobacillus galactosidasus and Geobacillus toebii.

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1978 Field Studies of the Pink Bacterial Masses Which Grow at 90Â° C in the Outflow Channel of some Yellowstone Hot Springs

The UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports ◽

10.13001/uwnpsrc.1978.2109 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 135-140

Author(s):

Robert Ramaley

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

National Park ◽

Hot Springs ◽

Thermophilic Bacteria ◽

Field Studies ◽

Laboratory Culture ◽

Unpublished Work ◽

Biochemical Studies ◽

Outflow Channel

The presence of masses of pink bacteria growing at 90Â° in the outflow channel in some hot springs in Yellowstone National Park was observed at least as early as 1899 (unpublished work of W. A. Setchell, cited in Brock, 1978, pp. 47-49). When Brock began his extensive microbiological studies of Yellowstone thermal areas in 1965, he also found "pink, gelatinous, stringy bacterial masses" growing at 90Â°C in the upper end of the runoff channel of Octopus Spring and published phase micrographs of these bacterial masses (Brock, 1978, pp. 45-46). However, Brock and his associates were never able to grow these bacteria in laboratory culture and beyond the determination of the fatty acid composition of the bacterial masses by Bauman and Simmond (1969) no other biochemical studies have been conducted with these extremely thermophilic bacteria.

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Structure determination of two new amino acid-containing derivatives of adenosine from tRNA of thermophilic bacteria and archaea

Nucleic Acids Research ◽

10.1093/nar/20.21.5607 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 20 (21) ◽

pp. 5607-5615 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Dasari M. Reddy ◽

Pamela F. Crain ◽

Charles G. Edmonds ◽

Ramesh Gupta ◽

Takeshi Hashizume ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Structure Determination ◽

Thermophilic Bacteria ◽

Derivatives Of

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Isolation and Characterization of Thermophilic Bacteria as Cellulolytic Enzyme Producer from the Hot Spring of Ie Seuum Aceh Besar, Indonesia

Microbiology Indonesia ◽

10.5454/mi.14.1.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 4

Author(s):

RUHUL KHALILA ◽

Lenni Fitri ◽

SUHARTONO SUHARTONO

Keyword(s):

Sampling Method ◽

Bacterial Isolate ◽

Hot Spring ◽

Thermophilic Bacteria ◽

Cellulolytic Enzyme ◽

Biochemical Tests ◽

Cellulase Enzymes ◽

Isolation And Characterization

Cellulase enzymes can be isolated from thermophile bacteria obtained from the hot spring Ie Seuum, Aceh Besar. This research aimed to recover and characterize the isolates morphologically and biochemically followed by determination of the thermophile bacterial isolates potential as cellulolytic enzyme producers,. The sampling method in this research was conducted by a purposive sampling at temperature of 70 oC, 60 oC and 50 oC. Isolation of thermophilic bacteria was carried out on nutrient agar (NA) media. There were four isolates of thermophilic bacteria isolated recovered at 70 oC, five isolates at 60 oC, and seven isolates at 50 oC. Of the 18 isolates obtained, 15 of them were able to produce cellulase enzymes. Cellulase enzyme production can be determined by the presence of clear zones around bacterial colonies on CMC media after addition of 1% congo red drops and wash with 1 M NaCl. The highest five Cellulolytic Index (CI) values were obtained from isolates ISB75; ISB64; ISB52; ISB54; ISB56 that were 1.23; 2.22; 1.39; 1.59; 1.10, respectively. Biochemical tests carried out on 5 isolates with the highest cellulolytic index values showed that the bacterial isolate were suspected to be from the genera of Bacillus sp.

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Galactic orbits of stars

Symposium - International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s0074180900105340 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

pp. 93-97

Author(s):

Richard Woolley

Keyword(s):

Globular Cluster ◽

Potential Field ◽

High Velocity ◽

Velocity Vector ◽

Variable Stars ◽

The Sun ◽

Proper Motions ◽

Rr Lyrae ◽

The Galaxy

It is now possible to determine proper motions of high-velocity objects in such a way as to obtain with some accuracy the velocity vector relevant to the Sun. If a potential field of the Galaxy is assumed, one can compute an actual orbit. A determination of the velocity of the globular clusterωCentauri has recently been completed at Greenwich, and it is found that the orbit is strongly retrograde in the Galaxy. Similar calculations may be made, though with less certainty, in the case of RR Lyrae variable stars.

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Distance to SN 1987A and the LMC

Symposium - International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s0074180900118959 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 190 ◽

pp. 549-554

Author(s):

Nino Panagia

Keyword(s):

Angular Size ◽

Large Magellanic Cloud ◽

Magellanic Cloud ◽

Light Curves ◽

Distance Modulus ◽

Absolute Size ◽

Sn 1987A

Using the new reductions of the IUE light curves by Sonneborn et al. (1997) and an extensive set of HST images of SN 1987A we have repeated and improved Panagia et al. (1991) analysis to obtain a better determination of the distance to the supernova. In this way we have derived an absolute size of the ringRabs= (6.23 ± 0.08) x 1017cm and an angular sizeR″ = 808 ± 17 mas, which give a distance to the supernovad(SN1987A) = 51.4 ± 1.2 kpc and a distance modulusm–M(SN1987A) = 18.55 ± 0.05. Allowing for a displacement of SN 1987A position relative to the LMC center, the distance to the barycenter of the Large Magellanic Cloud is also estimated to bed(LMC) = 52.0±1.3 kpc, which corresponds to a distance modulus ofm–M(LMC) = 18.58±0.05.

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International determination of the total motion of the pole

Symposium - International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s0074180900177824 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 29-41

Author(s):

Wm. Markowitz

Keyword(s):

Secular Motion ◽

The Future

A symposium on the future of the International Latitude Service (I. L. S.) is to be held in Helsinki in July 1960. My report for the symposium consists of two parts. Part I, denoded (Mk I) was published [1] earlier in 1960 under the title “Latitude and Longitude, and the Secular Motion of the Pole”. Part II is the present paper, denoded (Mk II).

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Time and Latitude in South Africa

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100026816 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 27-38

Author(s):

J. Hers

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Cape Town ◽

Astronomical Observations ◽

Royal Observatory ◽

The Republic ◽

Astronomical Determination ◽

Limited Accuracy ◽

Better Than

In South Africa the modern outlook towards time may be said to have started in 1948. Both the two major observatories, The Royal Observatory in Cape Town and the Union Observatory (now known as the Republic Observatory) in Johannesburg had, of course, been involved in the astronomical determination of time almost from their inception, and the Johannesburg Observatory has been responsible for the official time of South Africa since 1908. However the pendulum clocks then in use could not be relied on to provide an accuracy better than about 1/10 second, which was of the same order as that of the astronomical observations. It is doubtful if much use was made of even this limited accuracy outside the two observatories, and although there may – occasionally have been a demand for more accurate time, it was certainly not voiced.

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