scholarly journals Brazilian National Identity and the Notion of Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 811-820
Author(s):  
D. L. Gurevich
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Peculiar Feature ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Language Identity ◽  
The Core ◽  
Xvii Century ◽  
Word Combination

The Portuguese word "Brazil" is a complex notion for bearers of Brazilian language identity. Not only does it include the name of the country but also a number of generic notions, one of which is primary with respect to the geographical name and others are secondary. The name of the country goes back to the word-combination pau brasil (mahogany). This secular name co-occurred with a sacral one, i.e. Terra de Santa Cruz. The secular variant survived in spite of the negative attitude it evoked in the first decades of its existence. Its further reassessment led to the formation of other notions that form the core of the semantic field "Brazil". The peculiar feature of this field is its early formation (mid XVII century) and early elaboration of various meanings that the word "Brazil" has retained up to now. The complex notion "Brazil", which includes such meanings as "mahogany", "country", "indigenous population", "territories", and "language", is so multifold due to its secular nature: the sacral name of Santa Cruz (Holy Cross) could not have been used in such a way.

Multiculturalism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasar Meer
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Race Relations ◽  
National Identities ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
Prominent Feature ◽  
Religious Minorities ◽  
The Core ◽  
National Question ◽  
Multicultural Citizenship ◽  
Future Status

The purpose of this chapter is to locate the discussion about Muslims in Scotland in relation to questions of national identity and multicultural citizenship. While the former has certainly been a prominent feature of public and policy debate, the latter has largely been overshadowed by constitutional questions raised by devolution and the referenda on independence. This means that, while we have undoubtedly progressed since MacEwen (1980) characterised the treatment of ‘race-relations’ in Scotland as a matter either of ‘ignorance or apathy’, the issue of where ethnic, racial and religious minorities rest in the contemporary landscape remains unsettled. One of the core arguments of this chapter is that these issues are all interrelated, and that the present and future status of Muslims in Scotland is tied up with wider debates about the ‘national question’. Hitherto, however, study of national identity in Scotland has often (though not always) been discussed in relation to the national identities of England, Wales and Britain as a whole.

The problem of language identity in Volodymyr Vynnychenko’s novel I want! in contemporary sociocultural context

2020 ◽  
Vol 2019 (2 (11)) ◽  
pp. 211-227
Author(s):  
Ekaterina V. Baydalova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Sociocultural Context ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Life Goal ◽  
Language Identity ◽  
National Question ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Ukrainian Society

The novel by Volodymyr Vynnychenko I want! (1915) was, on one hand, his literary answer to the discussion on the national question in Ukrainian society, and, on the other, it was his reaction to the accusations of him being a renegade resulting from his shift towards Russian literature. In 1907-1908, after the publication of his dramas and novels which were impregnated with the idea of “being honest with oneself” (it implied that all thoughts, feelings, and acts were to be in harmony), his works could be more easily published in Russian than in Ukrainian. This situation was taken by his compatriots as a betrayal against his native language and the national cause. In the novel I want! the problem of language identity is directly linked with national identity. In the beginning of the novel the main character, poet Andrey Halepa, despite being ethnic Ukrainian, spoke, thought, and wrote poems in Russian, and consequently his personality was ruined and his actions lacked motivation. It seems that after his unsuccessful suicide attempt and under the influence of a “conscious” Ukrainian, Halepa got in touch with his national identity and developed a life goal (the “revival” of the Ukrainian nation and the building of a free-labour enterprise). However, in the novel, national identity turns out to be incomplete without language identity. Halepa spoke Ukrainian with mistakes, had difficulty choosing suitable words, and discovered with surprise the meaning of some Ukrainian words from his former Russian friends. The open finale emphasises the irony of the discourse around a fast national “revival” without struggle and effort, and which only required someone’s will.

Reconciling Confucianism and Nationalism

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-54
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Bell
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
The Core ◽  
The One ◽  
Party State

Confucianism has made a comeback in mainland China over the last two decades or so. Politically minded Confucian revivalists see Confucianism as the core of national identity that differs from ‘‘foreign’’ traditions such as liberalism and they argue for replacing Marxism with Confucianism as the core ideology of the one-party state. But is the ancient tradition of Confucianism compatible with the modern tradition of nationalism? And is it possible to defend a morally appealing form of ‘‘Confucian nationalism’’? This essay argues that both questions can be answered affirmatively.

De werkelijkheid van de verbeelde natie

1970 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 7-33
Author(s):  
Louis Vos
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Time History ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Content ◽  
The People ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Symbolic Perspective

National identity emerges as an interaction between identity-formationon an individual and a collective level, wherein time (history),space (territory as place of living and as transcendental symbol) andgeneration play a role. An identity manifests itself mainly through action,and is also represented in symbols. Not the core content, which hasto be reinterpreted continuously, but the boundaries towards the outerworld serve as markers of the we-feeling of the community. In the paradigmdebate on nationalism during the last three decades, three mainquestions were at stake. At first the discussion whether an ethnic-culturalor a voluntary dimension is more important. Secondly the questionwhether the nation is a modern phenomenon or goes back to thepre-modern era. And finally the debate between postmodernists consideringthe nation as merely existing in the minds of the people, and othersconsidering the nation as a social reality as well, but to be understoodfrom an ethno-symbolic perspective. This article argues that a nation isboth voluntary and organic, can also exist in pre-modern times, and isalthough imagined at the same time also a social reality. It gives a panoramaof the shifting paradigms of nationalism and their representatives,and suggests that we are already approaching a post-postmodernistsynthesis. Finally it discusses the question of nationalism and democracyin defending even the thesis that, as history doesn’t show examplesof democracies outside a national setting, a living nation is a prerequisitefor a fully fledged democracy.

The “Letter Should Not Beg”

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-120
Author(s):  
Dong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Christian College ◽  
Universities And Colleges ◽  
Christian Universities ◽  
The Core ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
Native Place ◽  
North And South

Through a comprehensive examination of worldwide philanthropic efforts for Canton Christian College (Lingnan University, 1888-1951), this chapter seeks to trace modern practices of diasporic Chinese philanthropy in higher education. At the core of modern institutions taking root in China, Christian universities and colleges fashioned new possibilities and new depths of support among contacts across urban communities in Asia, Oceania, and North and South Americas. National identity, welfare sovereignty, and state-philanthropy relations have been important analytical concerns of other scholars. My foci, however, are the ideas and strategies of domestic Chinese, diasporic Chinese, and Westerners that have shaped the liberal form and content of Chinese philanthropy in higher education, the “on-going enterprise of the human spirit.” I argue that cultivating overseas Chinese philanthropy for Lingnan University involved the packaging and repackaging of higher education as a fluid symbol of opportunity, hope, native-place, Christianity, modernity, progressiveness, nationalism, and worldism, depending on the specific donor base.

scholarly journals Wine in Houellebecq: Cultural transgression or literary device?

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-90
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Dutton
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Heavy Drinker ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Michel Houellebecq ◽  
Literary Device

Michel Houellebecq has a reputation as a heavy drinker and many of his protagonists mirror this tendency. This article focuses specifically on wine, asking whether the consumption of wine, both in his writing and in representations of his life, constitutes a simple cultural transgression, mainly via the quantities imbibed, or whether in fact wine is used as a complex literary device, a symbolic marker of national identity, social status and interpersonal relations. Tracing the presence and analysing the significance of wine in Houellebecq’s seven novels published to date reveals new ways to decode and interpret the author’s work through the prism of this product and its rich semantic field.

The Question of Urban Citizens' National Identity in Mid-Nineteenth Century Hungary

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 121-139
Author(s):  
Gábor Czoch
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
National Level ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Nationalist Discourse ◽  
The Core ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Urban Issues ◽  
Key Aspects

AbstractThis article examines the characteristics and problems of urbanization in mid-nineteenth century Hungary, analyzing contemporary debates on conditions in and the modernization of cities. The core of the argument focuses on the representation of cities in the political discourse determined by the liberal nobility in conflict with the Viennese court. Although the overall view of cities was negative, the points of criticism, notably, economic backwardness, small population, dependence on the central authorities) underwent considerable change from the end of the eighteenth to the middle of the nineteenth century. Most importantly, increasing stress was placed on the non-Hungarian (mainly German) provenience of the citizenry, which also reflected one of the key aspects of the emerging Hungarian nationalist discourse. It seems, however, that citizens' perceptions of the urban issues did not derive from their national identity. In cities inhabited by German or mixed populations, the ethnicity of citizens as a problem and as a marker determining social identity was imposed from outside as a result of political debates on a national level.

scholarly journals THE FORMATION OF NATIONAL IDENTITY THROUGH THE THEORETICAL APPROACHES OF LINGUISTIC AND LANGUAGE IDENTITY OF UKRAINIAN DISSIDENTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Ye. Mykhalkovska
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Language Identity ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Ideological Struggle ◽  
Entire Complex ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
Historical Contextualization ◽  
Soviet Ideology

In this article, the author analyzes the ideological struggle for the Ukrainian national identity happened in a meaningful time of Khrushchev Thaw when first dissidents appeared. Additionally, we have applied the theme of ideological propaganda and agitation considered through language approach to a larger scientific extent. First, we characterize separately the creating of an ethnic identity endorsed by the SRSR, and national identity of the URSR as an integral part of a specific social identity, linguistic identification with representatives of a certain nation, its culture and traditions, which include the entire complex of emotions caused by the sense of belonging. By involving the idea of identity as a relational, socio-cultural phenomenon, we considered the concept of Bucholt and Hall, J. Mead, K. Levy-Strauss. Next, we identify the works of Anthony Smith, Herbert Blumer, Ernest Gellner, Eric Gobsbaum. Trying to conduct the concept analysis of the formation of the Ukrainian national identity through the semantic and semiotic aspects of the language identity according to the Dissidents movement we used 3 key topic notions: - Identity as a relational, socio-cultural phenomenon; - Socio-historical contextualization of showing the national identity as an environmental product of the nation; - Ideology of the Standard Language. Finally, the author comes to an outcome that the Soviet ideology allowing the formation of the so-called ethnographic identity of Ukrainians, made considerable efforts to prevent the creation of a nationwide identity that Ukrainian Dissidents were fighting for, herewith, artificially imposing the idea of the disunity of Eastern and Western Ukraine.

scholarly journals Simple Sentence Information Structure in Teleut: Problem Statement

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 268-277
Author(s):  
D. M. Tokmashev
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Information Structure ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Simple Sentence ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
The Core ◽  
Information Packaging ◽  
Turkic Languages ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Involved Field

The present research featured the main approaches to the study of the information structure of a simple sentence, as well as their application to the Turkic languages. The paper focuses on the case of the Teleut language. The research objective was to identify and characterize various types of information structure of a simple sentence in their relationship with formalgrammatical and prosodic characteristics. The study involved field, comparative-historical, and descriptive methods, structural and component analysis, methods of modeling semantics and visualization of spectrograms. The information structure of a simple sentence can be modeled as the corresponding functional-semantic field. In Teleut, it is represented mostly by syntagm order and intonation, which make the core of information structure management. The peripheral means are represented by lexemes, particles, and affixes. Syntactically, information structure is expressed by the phrase order. Narrative sentences are characterized by the decrease of the fundamental frequency of the phrase that makes up the focal part. Pragmatically neutral narrative sentences that do not have presuppositions are characterized by a progressive arrangement of topical and focal elements with a predicate in the terminal right position. Since topics and foci are shifter categories, syntax inversions with preservation of the progressive information packaging "topic > focus" are possible, as well as inversion of its components "focus < topic" while retaining the phrase order. The inversion of both linear (syntagms) and non-linear (topics and foci) elements of the sentence is due to various presuppositions. The lexical and grammatical means of information packaging management are on the periphery of the functional-semantic field. Their potential to control the information structure is combined with their other functions, namely the expression of aspectual, modal, evidential, definiteness, and other characteristics. Most Turkic languages share the means of information packaging management.

scholarly journals To the question of the name of a text field

Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Na Van
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
The Core ◽  
Text Field ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
The Subject

This article is dedicated to the problem of the choice of name for a text semantic field formed within a literary text. The goal consists in determination of factors that hinder or preclude the naming of a text field. The subject of this research is the text semantic field observed particularly in the novels of F. M. Dostoevsky &ldquo;The Idiot&rdquo; and I. S. Turgenev &ldquo;Home of the Gentry&rdquo;. The author establishes that the text semantic field is closely connected to the contexts where elements of the field can be equitable, which complicates determination of the core and periphery of a text field, namely its name. In the course of research, the author applied the methods of analysis of scientific literature, interpretation of literary text as an aesthetic system, and method of semantic analysis. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the author is first to discuss the question of difficulties of naming a text field using the materials of the novels &ldquo;The Idiot&rdquo; &nbsp;by F. M. Dostoevsky and &ldquo;Home of the Gentry&rdquo; by I. S. Turgenev. The conclusion is made that in majority of cases a text field can be named by the most frequent element therein. At the same time, the name &ldquo;Idiot&rdquo; in F. M. Dostoevsky&rsquo;s novel does not fully reveal the content of a text field. In some instances it is impossible to name a text field (as in the novel &ldquo;Home of the Gentry&rdquo; by I. S. Turgenev), since elements of the field deal with the equitable mutual implication.

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